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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1095 COCA: 1281

target

Word family 
Related topics: Military, Sport
tar·get1 /ˈtɑːɡɪt $ ˈtɑːr-/ ●●● S2 W2 AWL noun [countableC]
1  aim 目標RESULT something that you are trying to achieve, such as a total, an amount, or a time 目標；指標 SYN goal
sales/attainment/growth etc targets
demanding financial targets
很高的財務指標
target of
the target of a one-third reduction in road accidents
道路交通事故減少三分之一的目標
target for
Higher degrees in English are a target for foreign students.
獲得英語高等學位是外國學生的目標。
There is no target date for completion of the new project.
這個新的項目何時完工沒有預定日期。
The government may fail to meet (=achieve) its target of recycling 25% of domestic waste.
政府可能達不到回收利用25%的生活垃圾的目標。
Jiang set annual growth targets of 8–9%.
江確定了8%至9%的年增長目標。
on target (=likely to achieve a target) 有可能實現目標
The company says that growth of 10% is on target.
公司聲稱10%的增長目標可望實現。
► see thesaurus at aim
2  object of attack 攻擊對象PMATTACK an object, person, or place that is deliberately chosen to be attacked 目標，對象
target for/of
Railway stations are prime targets (=very likely targets) for bombs.
火車站是炸彈襲擊的主要目標。
easy/soft target
Cars without security devices are an easy target for the thief.
沒有防盜裝置的汽車很容易成爲小偷下手的目標。
3  object of an action 行動的目標 the person or place that is most directly affected by an action, especially a bad one 對象；受影響的人[地方]
target for/of
The area has become a prime target for supermarket development.
該地區成了發展超市的首選之地。
The country is a target of criticism for its human rights record.
該國因其人權記錄而成爲批評的對象。
4  shooting 射擊DS something that you practise shooting at, especially a round board with circles on it 〔射擊的〕靶子
The area is used by the army for target practice.
這個地方被軍隊用來練習打靶。
5  target audience/group/area etc Sa limited group, area etc that a plan, idea etc is aimed at 目標受衆/群體/區域等
Our target audience is men aged between 18 and 35.
我們的目標受衆是18到35歲之間的男性。
Examples from the Corpus
target audience/group/area etc• The other major target group is those hospitalised with infectious illnesses.• The approach involves identifying variations in the functioning of target areas and relating those variations to known differences in cortical function.• Providing prevention materials to state health departments will ensure that target groups have ready access to such materials.• The key is to analyze the target audience, Half said.• We know the terrain in the target area is complicated, rugged.• Most of its students are the provincial poor, the target audience of leftist guerrilla groups.• The target areas were both moderate. income tracts of South Phoenix. 4.• It is worth reiterating here the point that the media offer a means of influencing your target audiences.
6. target language the language that you are learning or that you are translating into 目標語言，目的語；譯入語
Examples from the Corpus
target language• This creates additional problems of target language suitability, problems which have yet to be solved.• You can use a camera in the classroom to let learners see and hear themselves communicating in the target language.• Differential grammar enables us to determine some of the main grammatical difficulties involved in learning the target language.• Module 1 is designed for beginners ie those with no prior knowledge of the target language.• For this reason, spoken language interpreters are specifically trained to reject the effects of their utterance of the target language.• Decide from the very beginning that your aim is to use the target language as much as possible in the sessions.• This can happen when the target language has a grammatical category which the source language lacks.• Is the contact of the learner with the target language group likely to be intermittent rather than extensive?
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: something that you are trying to achieve, such as a total, an amount, or a time
verbs
meet a target (=achieve what you want to achieve)
The government wants to meet its target of building three million new homes by 2020.
reach/achieve/hit a target (=meet it)
They achieved their target with just days to spare.
set a target
The company has set ambitious business targets.
exceed a target (=achieve more than you wanted to)
We have exceeded our target of £200,000.
fall short of a target (=achieve less than you wanted to)
Car production at the plant has fallen short of its target by 5%.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + target
ambitious/high
The targets they have set themselves are hugely ambitious.
modest (=not very high)
The Kyoto Protocol set fairly modest targets for reductions in greenhouse gases.
achievable/realistic
The target is achievable, but only by hard work.
a financial target
Both businesses exceeded their financial targets.
a sales target
I’m confident we will meet our sales target by the end of the year.
a growth target
The company’s growth targets have been achieved for the last three years.
target + NOUN
a target date
There is no target date set for completion of the new project.
a target figure
The government has set a target figure of 6.2%
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: an object, person, or place that is deliberately chosen to be attacked
adjectives
a prime target (=the most suitable or most likely to be chosen)
Sporting events could become a prime target for terrorists.
the main target
The rebel-held town is one of the main targets for U S troops.
an easy/soft target
Some criminals now regard churches as easy targets.
a sitting target (=someone who is easy to attack)
In the open, the soldiers are sitting targets.
somebody’s intended target
The gunman missed his intended target.
a military target
The group insists that its bombs were directed against military targets.
a civilian target
The army denied it had attacked civilian targets.
a legitimate target (=one that it is fair to attack)
The rebels claimed that trains carrying soldiers are a legitimate target.
verbs
attack a target
They have attacked military targets such as army camps and airfields.
hit a target
Not every bomb hit its target.
miss a target
All of the missiles missed their target and no-one was killed.
Examples from the Corpus
target• I set myself a target of learning 20 new words each week.• The GIA continued its attacks on civilian targets.• Hiring at the three previous centers took about twice as long as the company's 60-day target, Norden said.• It has been given the lowest efficiency target in the country by the Government's new Passenger's Charter.• Now, by budget resolutions, it establishes targets in May and final ceilings in September.• The bomb missed its target by several kilometres.• The company will reach its target of 12% growth this year.• The Communist Party has become the main target for critical attack among left wing intellectuals.• The company, named for a friend who died from an infection, would search for new targets for antibiotics.• How can they achieve maximum or target levels of profits or sales without precise information concerning their revenues and costs?• The government is struggling to reach its original target of $23 billion in spending cuts.• We produced 16,000 cars this year, but our target was 17,500.• Our target is the release of all political prisoners.• Holding a US passport makes these tourists a prime target for terrorists.• He set the wage levels, the production targets, the safety standards, and he really planned the whole industry.• The commonly used roads are the targets of heavy fire.• But just into the third there was movement around the target area.• The Institution has been the target of terrorist attack several times.• When the plane gets to the target area, it drops the missile and returns to base.• Kay was the target of a noisy demonstration in which 54 people were arrested.• The target for the appeal is £20,000, all of which will go to children's charities.
on target• Our year-end results were right on target.
easy/soft target• Young people are an easy target.• Well, the reader may say, he's small fry, an easy target.• Which, though he didn't know it, made her an easy target.• But to the criminal she's was just an easy target.• Every so often a rabbit would make a desperate, lung-bursting bid for freedom, only to provide an easy target for the twelve-bores.• So we opt for cheap grace, and easy targets, instead.• It was a natural and easy target for newspapers.
prime target• The area is a prime target for redevelopment.• The law and order section is a prime target for every kind of scam.• Although nationally distributed boxes do not change fronts often, the regional ones do, making them a prime target for collectors.• They are, therefore, a prime target for advertisers trying to reach an affluent market.• These factors, however, made the camps prime targets for enemy attack and bombardment.• The prime target market, then, is seen to be pre-retirement.• It was clear the police were looking for reporters, that they were prime targets.
target practice• Prisoners taken were blinded, mutilated, dragged behind the hooves of horses and used as target practice by archers.• Firstly in a country full of guns it doesn't do to stand there asking to become target practice.• For the cynics of the world, Philip Gould is easy target practice.• He knew that on these streets young kids with guns used people on the sidewalks for target practice.• It ensured that no trigger-happy missile controller would fail to observe the safety precautions and attempt a little target practice.• It is merely target practice using live targets.• After sundown, a bit of target practice on the estate, using his collection of sophisticated weapons.• A downtown establishment has always made for satisfying target practice.
Related topics: Military
target2 ●○○ AWL verb [transitiveT]
1  RESULTto make something have an effect on a particular limited group or area 以…爲目標，以…爲對象
The advertisement was designed to target a mass audience.
這個廣告是針對大衆的。
target something on/at somebody/something
a new benefit targeted on low-income families
一項針對低收入家庭的新的福利
The programme is targeted at improving the health of women of all ages.
該計劃的目的是提高各年齡層婦女的健康水平。
2  PMATTACKto aim something at a target 把…對準，把…瞄向
target something on/at somebody/something
The missiles are targeted at several key military sites.
這些導彈瞄準了幾個主要的軍事地點。
3  CHOOSEto choose a particular person or place to do something to, especially to attack them or criticize them 把…選爲目標〔尤爲了攻擊或批評〕
It’s clear that smaller, more vulnerable banks have been targeted.
很明顯，規模較小、實力較弱的銀行已被確定爲目標。
He was targeted by terrorists for a second time last night.
他昨晚第二次成爲恐怖分子的襲擊目標。
Examples from the Corpus
target• These and other economic development proposals have emphasized targeting and leveraging to get maximum use of the federal dollars.• Warshaw says Waxman and other critics have charged that police are targeting black neighborhoods.• For example, they tried to link training placement to jobs, or to target construction jobs on local people.• The company may then target its efforts on these preferred locations.• Ireland is more ruthless still in targeting public health care.
From Longman Business Dictionary
targettar·get1 /ˈtɑːgətˈtɑːr-/ noun [countableC]
1an organization, industry, government etc that is deliberately chosen to have something done to it
target of
There was persistent speculation that the company could be the target of a takeover bid.
Computers are helping choose targets for direct-mail and telephone campaigns.
Europe will be the main target for rising South African coal exports.
→ takeover target
2a result such as a total, an amount, or a time which you aim to achieve
Dealers are under pressure to meet sales targets.
Bonuses were introduced for employees who met production targets.
The federal funds rate slipped to 7% from its target level of 8%.
3on target on the way to achieving a result
The export business is booming and the U.S. business is right on target.
4target customer/group/area etcMARKETING a limited group of people or area that a plan, idea etc is aimed at
Who is the target audience for this book?
These advertisements are aimed mainly at our target customers.
targettarget2 verb [transitiveT]
1to aim products, programmes of work, etc at a particular area or group of people
target something on something
We will target funds on areas of research where breakthroughs are imminent.
target something at something
The booklet is targeted at people approaching retirement.
2to choose someone or something for a particular type of treatment
The main markets targeted for development have been those of the US and Western Europe.
—targeted adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
Investing relatively small amounts in targeted areas can bring big profits.
a targeted advertising campaign
Origin target1
(1200-1300) Old French targette, from targe “small shield”
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1095 COCA: 1281
target

noun¹

 1sb/sth that you try to destroy, hurt, steal, etc.破壞、傷害、偷竊的對象ADJECTIVE | VERB + TARGET | TARGET + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤favourite/favorite, frequent, important, likely, natural, obvious, perfect, possible, potential, prime, suitable青睞的／被頻繁⋯的／重要的／很可能的／必然的／明顯的／理想的／可能的／潛在的／主要的／合適的目標◇The President is a favourite / favorite target of comedians.總統是喜劇演員熱衷的嘲弄對象。➤attractive, tempting有吸引力的／誘人的目標◇Trains are attractive targets for terrorists.火車對恐怖分子是很有誘惑力的目標。➤specific具體目標▸➤real真正的目標◇The real target of his satire is religion.他諷刺的真正對象是宗教。➤easy, sitting, soft, tempting, vulnerable容易得手的／易於下手的／脆弱的／誘人的／易受攻擊的目標◇The stationary trucks were sitting targets for the enemy planes.靜止的卡車是敵機的活靶子。➤legitimate合法目標▸➤intended預定目標▸➤fixed, stationary固定的／靜止的目標▸➤moving活動目標▸➤ground地面目標▸➤enemy, military, strategic敵方／軍事／戰略目標▸➤civilian, non-military平民／非軍事目標➤high-value高價值目標▸➤terrorist恐怖分子的目標➤takeover收購對象◇The company could become a takeover target.該公司可能成為收購對象。VERB + TARGET➤choose, identify, pick選擇／確定／挑選目標▸➤aim at, attack, engage, go for, shoot at瞄準目標；攻擊目標；襲擊目標；向目標射擊▸➤find, locate找到／定位目標▸➤hit, reach, strike擊中／達到／打擊目標◇The bomb reached its intended target ten seconds later.10 秒鐘後炸彈命中預定目標。➤miss, overshoot偏離／超越目標◇The flare overshot its target and set fire to a hotel.照明彈越過目標，把一家旅館燒着了。➤destroy摧毀目標◇The missile is intended to destroy military targets.導彈旨在摧毀軍事目標。➤track追蹤目標◇The radar beam can track a number of targets simultaneously.雷達波束可以同時追蹤多個目標。➤present呈現為目標◇The damaged ship presented a tempting target.這艘損壞的船成了一個誘人的目標。➤make成為目標◇The casino made an easy target for thieves.賭場是竊賊容易下手的目標。TARGET + NOUN➤site目標地域◇It should be possible to deliver the drug direct to the target site.將藥品直接送到目標位置應該是可能的。◇The missile never reached its target site.導彈根本沒有命中靶標區域。PREPOSITION➤off target偏離目標◇The missile veered way off target and landed in the sea.導彈嚴重偏離目標，落到了海裏。➤on target擊中要害◇Politically speaking, his jibes were right on target.從政治角度說，他的嘲諷正中要害。➤target for⋯的目標◇an easy target for thieves小偷易下手的目標
target

noun²

 2object that you shoot at靶子VERB + TARGET | TARGET + NOUN | PREPOSITION VERB + TARGET➤put up, set up豎起靶子◇The archers were setting up their targets.射箭運動員正在豎靶子。➤aim at, shoot at瞄靶；朝靶子射擊▸➤hit擊中靶子▸➤miss脫靶▸➤use sth as以⋯作靶子◇The boys used an old tree stump as a target.那些男孩兒用一個老樹墩當靶子。TARGET + NOUN➤area, range目標地域；靶場；射擊場▸➤practice射擊練習；打靶練習PREPOSITION➤off target脫靶◇Patton was just off target with his shot.巴頓脫靶了。➤on target擊中目標◇His first shot was bang on target.他的第一槍正中目標。➤wide of the target嚴重脫靶◇The shot went wide of the target.那一槍打飛了。
target

noun³

 3result, person, etc. that you aim to reach意欲達到的目標ADJECTIVE | VERB + TARGET | TARGET + NOUN | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤achievable, attainable, low, modest, realistic可實現的／可達到的／低的／適中的／現實的目標▸➤ambitious, challenging, demanding, difficult, high, tough, unrealistic雄心勃勃的／富有挑戰性的／苛刻的／難以實現的／高的／艱巨的／不現實的目標◇She has always set herself very high targets.她總是給自己設定非常高的目標。➤impossible不可能實現的目標▸➤new新目標▸➤clear, specific明確的／具體的目標▸➤chief, key, main, major, primary, prime, principal首要目標；關鍵目標；主要目標▸➤annual年度目標▸➤immediate, initial當前／初步目標▸➤future, long-term, ultimate未來／長期／最終目標▸➤economic, financial, growth, inflation, performance, price, production, profit, recruitment, sales, spending經濟／財務／增長／通脹／業績／價格／生產／利潤／招聘／銷售／支出目標◇Hospital performance targets will not be met.醫院的績效目標將無法實現。VERB + TARGET➤set制訂目標◇Managers must set targets that are realistic.經營者必須制訂切合實際的目標。➤aim for瞄準目標◇Students should be given a target to aim for.應該給學生制訂一個努力的目標。➤achieve, meet, reach實現目標；達到目標▸➤stay on/within保持在目標範圍之內◇in a desperate attempt to stay within budget targets竭盡全力不超過預算目標➤exceed超出目標◇The company pays bonuses to workers who exceed production targets.公司給超額完成生產指標的工人發獎金。➤fall short of未達到目標TARGET + NOUN➤audience, demographic, group, market, population目標觀眾；目標人口；目標群體；目標市場◇The film's target demographic is women aged 18-49 years.這部電影的目標觀眾是 18 至 49 歲的婦女。➤date預定日期◇to meet a target date of May 2002於 2002 年 5 月如期完成➤figure, level, price, range, weight目標數值／水平／價格／範圍／重量PREPOSITION➤above (a/the) target超出目標◇Sales so far this year are 20% above target.到目前為止今年的銷售額已經超出目標 20%。➤off target未達到目標◇These figures are way off target.這些數字遠未達標。➤on target有可能實現目標◇We are still right on target.我們仍很有可能完成指標。➤within target在目標內◇We are well within our target for trains arriving on time.火車準點率符合我們設定的目標。➤over (a/the) target超出目標◇Many pay agreements reached were over the original target of 4%.已達成的許多工資協議超過了原定的 4% 的目標。➤towards/toward (a/the) target向着目標◇We are working towards / toward a target of twenty cars a week.我們正在向每星期 20 輛汽車的目標努力。➤target for⋯的目標◇The CEO has set new targets for growth.首席執行官已確定了新的增長目標。
target

verb

ADVERB | PREPOSITION ADVERB➤deliberately, intentionally, particularly, specifically特意／故意／特別／專門選定⋯為目標◇Children are deliberately targeted.有意選定兒童作為目標。➤actively, directly積極／直接選定⋯為目標◇Police are actively targeting known offenders.警方現正積極把已知的罪犯作為調查目標。◇an exercise that directly targets the back muscles一項直接針對背部肌肉的鍛煉➤carefully, precisely仔細地／準確地選定目標◇a carefully targeted marketing campaign精心選定受眾的營銷活動➤unfairly不公平地選定⋯為目標◇The authority was accused of unfairly targeting minority groups.當局被指不公平地以少數族群為目標。➤primarily主要針對⋯PREPOSITION➤at以⋯為目標◇The products are targeted at young people.這些產品以年輕人為對象。➤for把⋯作為目標◇This hospital is targeted for additional funding.這家醫院力求獲得額外資金。➤on把⋯對準⋯◇Tax cuts should be targeted on the poor.減稅應該針對貧困人群。➤towards/toward將目標指向◇We target our services towards / toward specific groups of people.我們把服務目標鎖定特定人群。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1095 COCA: 1281
target verb
⇨ focustarget

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for purpose 另見purpose條target ♦︎ objective ♦︎ goal ♦︎ object ♦︎ endThese are all words for sth that you are trying to achieve. 這些詞均表示目標、目的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆targets / objectives / goals for sth◆to work towards a target / an objective / a goal◆a worthwhile target / objective / goal / object / end◆the main / primary / prime / principal target / objective / goal / object◆the ultimate target / objective / goal / object / end◆a common target / objective / goal / end◆a / an ambitious / major / long-term / short-term / future target / objective / goal◆economic / financial / business targets / objectives / goals◆to define a target / an objective / a goal / an object◆to set / agree on / identify / reach / meet / exceed a target / an objective / a goal◆to achieve a target / an objective / a goal / an end◆to promote / pursue / accomplish / attain an objective / a goal / an end■ target [countable] a result that you try to achieve 目標；指標◆Set yourself targets that you can reasonably hope to achieve.給自己制訂有望達到的合理目標。◆We're aiming to meet a target date of April 2009.我們力求在預定日期2009年4月完成。◆Write a plan that sets out your business goals and targets.寫下計劃，設定你的業務目標。◆The new sports complex is on target to open in June.新建的體育中心將在6月份如期開放。◆Our target audience (= the particular audience that the programme is aimed at) is men aged between 18 and 35.我們的目標觀衆是18到35歲的男性。◆What's the target market for this product?這個産品的目標市場是什麽？■ objective [countable] (rather formal) something that you are trying to achieve （努力達到的）目標，目的◆What is the main objective of this project?這個項目的主要目的是什麽？◆You must set realistic aims and objectives for yourself.你必須爲自己設定切實可行的目標。■ goal [countable] something that you hope to achieve （希望達到的）目標，目的◆He continued to pursue his goal of becoming a photographer.他繼續追求成爲攝影師的目標。◆Their goal was to eradicate malaria.他們的目標是根除瘧疾。NOTE 辨析 Target, objective or goal?A target is usually officially recorded in some way, for example by an employer or by a government committee. It is often specific, and in the form of figures, such as a number of sales or exam passes, or a date. People often set their own objectives: these are things that they wish to achieve, often as part of a project or a talk they are giving. Goals are often long-term, and relate to people's life and career plans or the long-term plans of a company or organization. * target通常爲以某種方式正式記錄的指標，如由僱主或政府委員會制訂，常爲具體的數字，如銷售量、考試及格率、日期等；objective通常指爲自己制訂的、希望達到的目標，常爲某一項目或發言的一部分；goal通常指長遠目標，與人生和職業規劃、公司和機構的長遠規劃有關。■ object [countable] (rather formal) the purpose of sth; sth that you plan to achieve 宗旨；目的；（計劃實現的）目標◆The object is to educate people about road safety.目的是要教育人們注意交通安全。◆The whole object of the exercise is to get people to listen to each other.整個活動的目的是讓人們相互聆聽心聲。■ end [countable] (formal) something that you plan to achieve （計劃實現的）目標，目的◆She is exploiting the current situation for her own ends.她在利用目前的形勢來達到自己的目的。◆He joined the society for political ends.他出於政治目的加入了這個協會。◆With this end in view (= in order to achieve this) they employed 50 new sales reps.爲了達到這個目標，他們增聘了50名銷售代表。◆We are willing to make any concessions necessary to this end (= in order to achieve this).爲了達到此目的，我們願作出任何必要的讓步。◆That's only OK if you believe that the end justifies the means (= bad methods of doing sth are acceptable if the final result is good).要是你認爲只要目的正確就可以不擇手段，那随便你好了。ⓘ End is usually used in the plural or in particular fixed expressions. * end通常用複數形式或用於某些固定短語。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1095 COCA: 1281

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