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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2223 COCA: 2549

approval

Word family 
ap·prov·al /əˈpruːvəl/ ●●○ W3 noun
1  [countableC, uncountableU]AGREE when a plan, decision, or person is officially accepted 批準；認可
The president has already given his approval to the plan.
總統已經批準了這個計劃。
It is just three months since we received official approval to go ahead with the project.
三個月前我們剛剛得到正式批準進行這個項目。
A company cannot be sold without the approval of the shareholders.
沒有股東的同意不能出售公司。
The bill will be submitted for approval by Congress.
這項法案將提交國會通過。
The president would appoint the Council of Ministers, subject to the approval of the National Assembly.
總統將任命内閣成員，但需經國民議會批準。
The IMF has given its seal of approval to the government’s economic strategy.
國際貨幣基金組織已經同意該政府的經濟策略。
appointments requiring parliamentary approval
需經議會批準的任命
2  [uncountableU]APPROVE formal when someone likes something or someone and thinks that they are good 贊許；贊成，同意 OPP disapproval
A murmur of approval passed through the crowd.
人群紛紛低聲稱是。
nod/smile/clap etc in approval
They clapped their hands in approval.
他們拍手叫好。
His ideas have won widespread public approval (=many people agree with them and think they are good).
他的想法獲得了公衆廣泛的贊同。
Does the design meet with your approval (=do you like it?)?
這個設計你喜歡嗎？
Children are always seeking approval from their parents.
小孩子總是期待父母的贊許。
She looked to Greg for approval.
她指望格雷格同意。
3. on approval BBTif you buy something on approval, you have the right to return it to the shop if you decide you do not want it 〔商品〕不滿意包退的
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 1: when a plan, decision, or person is officially accepted
verbs
give/grant approval
Congress gave final approval on October 8.
get/receive/obtain/win approval
For over twenty years it was impossible for NASA to get approval for this mission.
require/need approval
A multimillion pound project will require approval by the full board of directors.
seek approval
You will need to make an appointment with the bank to seek approval for the loan.
submit something for approval (=give a plan, piece of writing etc to someone in authority for them to consider or approve)
The final design will be submitted for approval next month.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + approval
formal/official approval
Finance ministers gave their formal approval in July.
parliamentary approval
The law is still awaiting parliamentary approval.
Congressional approval
His appointment was subject to Congressional approval.
government/Senate approval
It takes an average of twelve years for a successful drug to go from initial research to final government approval.
planning approval (=official approval needed before building something)
The construction work will be subject to planning approval.
final approval
The document’s final approval had to come from the pope.
parental approval
Students must first obtain parental approval.
phrases
be subject to approval (=be dependent upon someone’s approval before happening)
The merger is subject to approval by shareholders.
a seal/stamp of approval (=official approval)
You must not make decisions without your manager’s seal of approval.
n COLLOCATIONS – Meaning 2: when someone likes something or someone and thinks that they are good
meet with somebody’s approval
This type of dancing does not meet with their approval.
win approval
His condemnation of the war won widespread approval.
seek somebody’s approval
He constantly sought his father’s approval.
look to somebody for approval
They all admired Gordon and looked to him for approval.
adjectives
public approval (=from ordinary people)
The policies met with a great deal of public approval.
universal approval (=from everyone)
His appointment has been met with almost universal approval.
general approval (=from most people)
McGill’s views did not meet with general approval.
phrases
a nod/smile/glance/look of approval
‘You’ve thought of everything, ’ she said with a smile of approval.
a roar/murmur/chorus of approval
There were murmurs of approval from the crowd.
words of approval
a mother’s words of approval
Examples from the Corpus
approval• Approval of the plans for the new science lab is expected by next month.• The high-resolution mass spectrometer is awaiting approval.• The county promised to speed up building approvals for people who lost their homes in the earthquake.• Edouard could see the pleading expression come into his eyes, and the desperation for approval.• The FDA granted approvals for 105 new drugs last year.• Cap Cities executives said they were hopeful approval would come in a couple of weeks.• Obedience did not imply approval, however.• We need parental approval before allowing students to go on field trips.• By doing well at school he hoped to win his parents' approval.• But the House speaker apparently failed to forward any nomination for the automatic but constitutionally required approval of King Bhumibol Adulyadej.• Ben needs to have his wife's approval before he'll do anything.• The hotels also need the approval of the state Coastal Commission.• He said that all Premier Division clubs had indicated their approval.• The children played quietly in the backyard as Frances looked on with approval.• The crowd of young Democratic supporters roared with approval.
parliamentary approval• It failed to win government and parliamentary approval.• The administration lag should not be as long for monetary policy since formal Parliamentary approval is not required.• A proposal by the opposition Labour Party for a more extensive package failed to gain parliamentary approval.• At present there is a moratorium on the construction of nuclear plants, and the plans would need parliamentary approval.• Development plans by government agencies which were opposed by the Park would require parliamentary approval.• The first ordinations should take place in eighteen months subject to Parliamentary approval.• The draft orders are again the subject of consultation, following which parliamentary approval turns them into legal binding requirements.• The head of state would have no powers to dissolve parliament or to appoint state officials without parliamentary approval.
seeking approval• It started with skin, which it sells for burn victims and for which it is seeking approval for diabetic ulcer sufferers.• The team is now seeking approval to carry out clinical trials at the Churchill Hospital in Oxford.
From Longman Business Dictionary
approvalap·prov·al /əˈpruːvəl/ noun [uncountableU]
1when someone officially accepts something
His proposals cannot become law until they have obtained Congressional approval.
Approval for the new buildings was given in July.
2on approval if you buy a product on approval, it is sent to you and you are allowed to look at it or use it before deciding whether you will buy it
→ see also seal of approval
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2223 COCA: 2549
approval

noun

ADJECTIVE | VERB + APPROVAL | APPROVAL + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤full, warm, wholehearted完全贊同；熱烈贊同；由衷的認可◇The plan did not win wholehearted approval.這個計劃並沒有贏得由衷的贊同。➤grudging, qualified勉強同意；有保留的贊同▸➤general, overwhelming, popular, public, unanimous, universal一致同意；絕大多數人的同意；普遍的贊同；公眾的贊同▸➤23%, etc. (especially NAmE) * 23% 等（的人）的贊成◇The latest poll has him at 47% approval and 49% disapproval.最新的民意調查顯示他獲得 47% 的贊成票，49% 的反對票。➤final, initial, preliminary, prior最後批準；最初的同意；初步的同意；事先同意◇All development requires the prior approval of the planning authority.所有的開發都必須事先得到規劃當局的批準。➤tacit默許▸➤written書面批準▸➤formal, official正式批準；正式同意➤legislative, regulatory立法機構的批準；監管機構的許可▸➤board, congressional, court, federal, government, judicial, parliamentary, presidential, royal, Senate董事會／國會／法庭／聯邦政府／政府／司法部門／議會／總統／王室／參議院的批準➤shareholder, voter股東的／選民的同意➤parental父母的同意➤social社會的贊同➤drug藥物審批◇We need to streamline the process for new drug approval.我們需要簡化新藥物的審批程序。VERB + APPROVAL➤need, require需要獲得批準▸➤seek, submit sth for請求批準；把⋯提交審批◇We have submitted a design for approval.我們已經報批設計。➤await等候批準◇The deal is awaiting approval from the Federal Communications Commission.這筆交易正在等候聯邦通信委員會的審批。➤have有許可◇We already have approval for six products.我們已有 6 種產品的許可證。➤gain, get, meet, meet with, obtain, receive, secure, win獲得批準；得到同意；贏得贊同◇I hope the meal met with your approval.我希望這頓飯菜你同意這麼做。◇You are not allowed to build without first obtaining the approval of the planners.沒有事先獲得規劃者的同意，不能開工建設。➤earn獲得同意◇I could tell I had earned her approval.可以說我已徵得了她的同意。➤recommend建議批準◇The committee is expected to recommend approval of the new drug.委員會有望建議批準這種新藥。➤give, grant表示同意；準許◇The government has now given its approval for the new examinations.政府現在已經批準實施新的考試。➤refuse, withhold拒絕／不予同意▸➤express, nod, nod in, roar, show, voice表示贊同；點頭表示同意；首肯；大聲表示贊同；表示同意◇The people listening nodded approval.聽的人都點頭表示贊同。◇The crowd roared its approval for the song.人群高喊稱讚這首歌唱得好。APPROVAL + NOUN➤process批準過程➤rating支持率◇The president's approval ratings were slipping.總統的支持率在下滑。PREPOSITION➤on approval（商品）包退包換◇The goods were supplied on approval (= they could be sent back if they were not satisfactory).那些貨品包退包換。➤with approval讚許地◇Jane's father regards her fiancé with approval.簡的父親讚許地看着她的未婚夫。➤with sb's approval, without sb's approval經過／未經某人同意◇You may not decorate without the landlord's approval.未經房東同意，你不可以裝修。➤approval for⋯的批準◇He won approval for his project.他的項目工程獲得了批準。➤approval from⋯的同意◇We're waiting for approval from the authorities.我們正在等待當局的批準。PHRASES➤a nod of approval點頭同意◇She gave him a nod of approval.她向他點點頭表示同意。➤a roar of approval讚許的歡呼聲◇There was a roar of approval from the crowd.人群中爆發出一陣讚許的歡呼聲。➤sb's seal of approval, sb's stamp of approval某人的正式批準◇The government has given its seal of approval to the project.政府已正式批準了這個項目。➤subject to approval需經批準◇The offer is subject to approval at the Annual General Meeting.這項提議需在年度大會上通過。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2223 COCA: 2549
approval noun
⇨ approval (get official approval) ⇨ praise (win sb's approval) approval

noun

  ➡ See also the entry for permission 另見permission條approval ♦︎ acceptance ♦︎ agreement ♦︎ favour ♦︎ assent ♦︎ blessing ♦︎ thumbs up ♦︎ acquiescenceThese are all words for allowing sth to happen, usually because you think it is a good thing. 這些詞均表示許可、認可。SYNONYM SCALE 詞義標尺 下圖顯示這些詞所表達認可的程度
acquiescence➔acceptance➔approval➔blessing
agreementfavourthumbs up
assent
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆approval / acceptance / agreement / assent / thumbs up for sth◆with the approval / agreement / assent / blessing / acquiescence of sb◆full approval / acceptance / agreement / blessing◆widespread / total / tacit / prior approval / acceptance / agreement◆(the) official approval / acceptance / blessing◆to give your approval / your agreement / your assent / your blessing / the thumbs up to sth◆to get sb's approval / sb's acceptance / sb's agreement / sb's assent / sb's blessing / the thumbs up◆to secure approval / acceptance / agreement / assent / acquiescence◆to receive approval / acceptance / sb's assent / sb's blessing◆to gain approval / acceptance / agreement / assent◆to nod approval / agreement / your assent■ approval [uncountable] official permission for sth, especially a plan or request, that is given because the plan or request is considered good or good enough （尤指對計劃或要求的）批準，通過，認可◆The treaty still required approval by the Senate.這個協定還須獲得參議院的批準。◆The plan will be submitted for approval next month.該計劃下個月將呈報批準。◆The offer is subject to approval by the shareholders (= they need to agree to it).這個提議須得到股東的批準。◆The project needs the bank's seal of approval (= official approval).該項目須獲得銀行的正式批準。  see also approve ⇨ agree 2 ■ acceptance [uncountable] approval of sth by the members of a group or people in general （小組成員或公衆的）同意，認可◆A new theory emerged that quickly gained wide acceptance.一種新理論出現了，很快獲得了廣泛認可。◆The Assembly voted against acceptance of constitutional reform.議會投票表決反對憲法改革。OPP refusal , rejection ⇨ refusal   see also accept ⇨ agree 2 ■ agreement [uncountable] approval of a request, especially by an individual or group of individuals who have special rights in the matter （尤指擁有某種權利的個人或群體的）應允，同意◆No images may be reproduced without the artist's agreement.未經畫家本人同意畫像不得翻印。◆The museum secured the agreement of the owners to the loan of the statue.博物館獲得雕像擁有者許可借出雕像。ⓘ Agreement is less official than approval: it is usually a matter for individuals, or all the members of a group acting as individuals, not as an official body. * agreement不如approval正式，通常指個人的認可，或團體成員以個人身份作出的認可，而非官方機構的認可。 OPP refusal ⇨ refusal   see also agree ⇨ agree 2 ■ favour (BrE) (NAmE favor) [uncountable] support or approval for sb/sth, either from a particular group of people, or from a person or group in authority （某一群體、權威人士或組織的）支持，贊同◆The suggestion to close the road has found favour with (= been supported by) local people.關閉這條路的建議已經得到當地人的支持。◆The show has lost favour with viewers recently.近來這個節目已不再受到觀衆的追捧。◆It seems Tim is back in favour with the boss (= the boss likes him again).看來蒂姆重新赢得了老板的歡心。■ assent əˈsent [uncountable] (formal) the expression of approval or agreement; official approval of sth （官方的）同意，贊成◆There was a general murmur of assent.衆人紛紛低聲贊同。◆She gave her assent to publication.她同意出版。OPP dissent ⇨ debate ■ blessing [singular] approval of sth, especially when it is seen as a good thing and the person or group giving their approval wants it to succeed 贊同，許可（尤含贊許及祝福意味）◆This arrangement received the full blessing of the committee.這個安排獲得了委員會的全體通過。■ thumbs ˈup

idiom

 (rather informal) an expression of satisfaction with sth that sb has done, or approval of sth that they plan to do （對已做或將做之事的）翹拇指肯定，認可◆The programme is getting a big thumbs up from our target audience.這個節目獲得我們目標觀衆的大力推崇。◆The government is likely to give the thumbs up to the merger.政府很有可能批準這個合並計劃。ⓘ Thumbs up is nearly always used with the verbs get or give. * thumbs up幾乎總是與動詞get或give連用。 OPP thumbs down ⓘ If you give sth the thumbs down it means you are not satisfied with it or do not approve of it. * thumbs down意爲不滿意、不贊成◆The proposals were given the thumbs down.這些建議遭到拒絕。 ■ acquiescence ˌækwiˈesns [uncountable] (formal) the fact of doing what sb wants or accepting their opinions, even if you do not really want to or are not sure that they are right 默認，默許，順從（盡管不一定情願）◆The best one can hope for is grudging acquiescence from the majority in the party.所能期待的最好結果是黨内多數人無奈地默許。  see also acquiesce ⇨ agree 2
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 2223 COCA: 2549
approval
Approval: approval, backing, assent...
General words for permission: permission, consent, approval...

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