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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 742 COCA: 1859

association

Word family 
as·so·ci·a·tion /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃən, əˌsəʊʃi- $ əˌsoʊ-/ ●●○ W3 noun  
1  ORGANIZATION[countableC] an organization that consists of a group of people who have the same aims, do the same kind of work etc 协会，社团
 the Association of Master Builders
建筑师协会
→ housing association► see thesaurus at organization
2  CONNECTED WITH[countableC, uncountableU] a relationship with a particular person, organization, group etc 〔与某个人、机构、组织等的〕关系，关联，交往
association with
 his close association with the Green Party
他与绿党的密切关系
3  in association with somebody/something TOGETHERmade or done with another person, organization etc 与某人/某机构等合伙[合作]
 concerts sponsored by the Arts Council in association with local businesses
由艺术委员会和当地企业联合赞助的音乐会
Examples from the Corpus
in association with somebody/something• The Britannia also runs accounts in association with Chelsea and Ipswich Town.• The syndrome has been described in association with menstrual irregularities, pregnancy, and the use of oral contraceptives.• These species do not grow in association with Lagenandra and Hygrophila because they do not occur in river beds.• The potential mechanisms for development of hyponatremia in association with sodium loss are several.• Several reports from the older literature indicate that tetany may occur in association with hypokalemia, but the mechanism is poorly understood.• The little green cushions and incrustations occur not only in association with trees and rocks.• The genus Barclaya is very seldom seen in association with Cryptocoryne species.• Sesame Street is produced by the Children's Television Workshop in association with PBS.
4  [countableC] a connection or relationship between two events, ideas, situations etc 〔两个事件、想法、局面之间的〕联系
association between
 the strong association between the disease and middle-aged women
这种疾病与中年女性的紧密联系
5  REMEMBER[countableC] a feeling or memory that is related to a particular place, event, word etc 联想
 Scotland has all kinds of happy associations for me.
苏格兰给我各种各样愉快的联想。
Examples from the Corpus
association• a word-association game• the college's alumni association• There is evidence of an association between headaches and computer use.• The National Basketball Association negotiates TV rights for important games.• the National Education Association• The new health care proposals have been criticized by the British Medical Association.• the National Association of Head Teachers• National associations also tend to sponsor larger schemes in the more important settlements rather than in areas of isolated housing need.• Freedom of expression and of the press, and freedom of peaceful assembly, of association and of movement were all guaranteed.• For children with normal length of gestation there was a positive association between birth weight and lung function.• Foods served at holidays such as Thanksgiving have special associations.• Maternity wards were notably slow to improve, largely due to their popularly believed, if apparently unfounded, association with prostitution.
close association• That began a close association between the two, with the artist applying himself assiduously to the theories of his friend.• Forming a close association with them was ruled out.• In particular there are close associations between nesting density on islands or islets, foraging habits, breeding ecology, and behaviour.• Coupled with his close association with medicine, it explains why he decided to follow the career of scientist and natural philosopher.• By its close association with women.• The close association between the visual and the cultural may explain the reluctance of some teachers to give it much attention.
strong association• The blue saddlecloth evidently had a strong association with pain; which indicated the reason for her earlier unsuccessful training.• Studies show a strong association between consistent dividend growth and long-term stock performance.• A strong association, however, is not a proof of causation.• Through its strong associations with high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes, abdominal obesity in particular is injurious.• The results suggested no strong association.• For woman as maker and subject, earth has particularly strong associations.• The strong association between antral tumours and chronic active gastritis suggests the possibility that H pylori infection may have a pathogenic role.• The strong association between colorectal dysplasia and cancer in ulcerative colitis was described in 1967.
From Longman Business Dictionary
associationas·so·ci·a·tion /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃən, əˌsəʊʃi-əˌsoʊ-/ written abbreviation assn noun [countableC]ORGANIZATIONS
a group of people or organizations who have the same aims or do the same kind of work
the National Association of Purchasing Managers
→ housing association → industry association → staff association
as·so·ci·a·tion noun
Chinese
Syllable
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 742 COCA: 1859
association

noun¹

 1an organization組織機構ADJECTIVE | ASSOCIATION + VERB | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤international, local, national, regional, state國際組織；當地的協會；全國協會；地區性協會；國家組織▸➤non-profit, private, public, voluntary非營利性協會；私人社團；公共社團；志願團體▸➤arts, business, community, constituency (in the UK) , consumer, housing, industry, library, neighbourhood/neighborhood, parent-teacher, political, professional, student, trade, etc.藝術團體、商業聯合會、社區聯盟、選區聯盟、消費者協會、房屋協會、產業協會、圖書館聯合會、社區團體、家長 - 教師協會、政治團體、專業協會、學生社團、行業協會等ASSOCIATION + VERB➤meet協會開會◇The association meets four times a year.這個協會每年召開 4 次會議。  ➡ note at organization (for more verbs) PREPOSITION➤association for為⋯而設立的協會◇a professional association for music teachers音樂教師的專業協會
association

noun²

 2relationship between people/organizations（人、組織間的）關係ADJECTIVE | VERB + ASSOCIATION | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤close親密的聯繫▸➤free自由的關係◇It was to be a free association of equal partners.它應該是一種自由、平等的夥伴關係。➤loose鬆散的聯繫◇a loose association of sovereign states主權國間的鬆散聯繫➤long, long-standing長期的／長久存在的聯繫▸➤personal私人交往VERB + ASSOCIATION➤form形成聯繫▸➤maintain保持聯繫◇They have maintained a close association with a college in the US.他們同美國一所大學保持着密切的聯繫。PREPOSITION➤in association with (= together with) 和⋯一起◇The book was published in association with the university.這本書是和這所大學聯合出版的。➤association between⋯之間的關係◇the association between the two countries兩國之間的聯繫➤association with和⋯的交往◇His association with such criminals can only destroy him.與這樣的罪犯為伍只會毀了他。PHRASES➤freedom of association結社自由◇One of the most important political freedoms is freedom of association.結社自由是最重要的政治自由之一。
association

noun³

 3connection between things（事物間的）聯繫ADJECTIVE | VERB + ASSOCIATION | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤clear, close, direct, intimate, strong清晰的／緊密的／直接的／密切的／牢固的聯繫◇a close association between the two nations兩國間的緊密聯繫➤loose鬆散的聯繫▸➤early, long, traditional早期的／長期的／傳統的聯繫▸➤formal正式聯繫▸➤free自由聯想◇the technique of free association, in which the patient is encouraged to say the first thing that comes to mind自由聯想的方法，它鼓勵病人說出最先想到的事VERB + ASSOCIATION➤have有聯繫◇The city has had a long association with the mining industry.這個城市的採礦業歷史悠久。➤form建立聯繫◇The dog forms an association between the action and the reward.狗能把行為與獎勵聯繫起來。➤demonstrate, find, prove, show顯示聯繫；找到聯繫；證明聯繫◇The research showed an association between diet and various diseases.該研究顯示飲食與多種疾病之間存在着聯繫。➤examine, observe查驗／觀察聯繫PREPOSITION➤by association通過聯繫◇Dogs learn mainly by association.狗主要通過關聯來認識事物。➤in association with (= together with) 與⋯一起◇We are working in association with several NGOs.我們與幾家非政府組織協同工作。➤association between⋯之間的聯繫◇a clear association between good health and regular exercise健康與定期鍛煉之間顯而易見的聯繫➤association with與⋯的聯繫◇the traditional association of the Democrats with minority interests民主黨與少數利益集團之間的傳統聯繫PHRASES➤guilty by association, tainted by association因為與⋯有關聯而被認為有罪／而使名聲受到玷污◇He was considered tainted by association with the corrupt regime.他因與腐敗政府有牽連而名譽受損。
association

noun⁴

 4associations feelings/memories感情；回憶ADJECTIVE | VERB + ASSOCIATIONS | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤strong強烈的聯想▸➤happy, pleasant, positive美好的／愉快的／積極的聯想▸➤negative消極的聯想▸➤cultural, historical, literary文化方面的／歷史方面的／文學聯想◇Tourists visit the city for its historical associations.遊人來該城觀光是因為其豐富的歷史內涵。VERB + ASSOCIATIONS➤have, hold (BrE) 產生聯想◇Does the name 'Baxter' have any associations for you?Baxter 這個名字讓你想起什麼了嗎？➤evoke, trigger喚起／觸發聯想◇The smell of fresh bread triggers all kinds of associations for me.新鮮麪包的氣味引發我各種各樣的聯想。PREPOSITION➤association for⋯的聯想
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 742 COCA: 1859
association noun
⇨ association (historical associations) ⇨ relation (an association between smoking and cancer) ⇨ relationship 1 (in association with sb) ⇨ union (trade associations) association

noun

association ♦︎ connotation ♦︎ overtone ♦︎ nuance ♦︎ undercurrentThese are all words for an idea or feeling which is not expressed directly but is suggested or felt. 这些词均表示潜藏的联系、联想。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆associations / connotations / overtones / a nuance / an undercurrent of sth◆(a) strong associations / connotations / overtones / undercurrent◆negative / unpleasant / pejorative associations / connotations / overtones◆(a) racial connotation / overtones / undercurrent◆(a) social connotation / overtones / nuance / undercurrent◆(a) political connotation / overtones / undercurrent◆to have associations / connotations / overtones◆to take on associations / connotations / overtones■ association [countable, usually plural] an idea, feeling or memory that is suggested by sb/sth; a mental connection between ideas 联想；联系◆The seaside had all sorts of pleasant associations with my childhood.海滨使我联想起童年的各种愉快情景。◆Tourists visit the city for its historical associations.游客来到这个城市是为了了解它的历史渊源。◆The cat soon made the association between human beings and food.这只猫很快就把人类与食物联系起来。  see also associate ⇨ relate ■ connotation ˌkɒnəˈteɪʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːnəˈteɪʃn [countable] (rather formal) an idea or attitude suggested by a word in addition to its main meaning 深义；隐含意义◆The word 'professional' has connotations of skill and excellence.professional这个词隐含着技艺和专长的意思。■ overtone ˈəʊvətəʊn; NAmE ˈoʊvərtoʊn [countable, usually plural] an attitude or feeling that is suggested but is not expressed in a direct way 言外之意；暗示◆There were political overtones to the point he was making.他的论点有政治寓义。■ nuance ˈnjuːɑːns; NAmE ˈnuːɑːns [countable, uncountable] a very slight difference in meaning, sound, colour or sb's feelings that is not usually very obvious （意义、声音、颜色或感觉上的）细微差别◆He watched her face intently to catch every nuance of expression.他认真注视她的脸，捕捉每一丝细微的表情变化。◆You need to be able to convey the subtle nuances of meaning of each word.你得要表达出每个词意义上的细微差别。◆Her singing has both warmth of sound and delicacy of nuance.她的演唱既热情豪放，又不失细致温柔。■ undercurrent ˈʌndəkʌrənt; NAmE ˈʌndərkɜːrənt [countable] a feeling, especially a negative one such as anger, fear or sadness, that is hidden but whose effects are felt （尤指负面的）潜在情绪◆I sensed an undercurrent of resentment among the other girls.我觉察到在其他女孩中有种不满情绪。NOTE 辨析 Connotation, overtone or undercurrent? Connotation and overtone often refer to an idea, attitude or feeling which sb intends when they say or write sth, but which they do not express directly. The idea or attitude may be expressed by carefully choosing the words which are used. An undercurrent is usually a feeling or attitude which is felt very strongly and so can be sensed even when sb tries to hide it. * connotation和overtone常指想表达却没有直接表达出来的想法、态度或感觉，这种想法或态度也许通过谨慎措辞暗示出来。undercurrent通常是一种可以明显感受到的情绪或态度，就算极力隐藏他人也仍能感受得到。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 742 COCA: 1859
association
Groups of people with shared interests or aims: association, commission, organization...
Relationships and membership of social groups: relationship, connection, association...
A connection or relation between things: relation, link, linkage...
Memory and memories: memory, recall, recollection...

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