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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989

mass

Word family 
Related topics: Physics
mass1 /mæs/ ●●○ S3 W3 noun
1  large amount 大量
a) [countableC]HPLOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT a large amount of a substance which does not have a definite or regular shape 團，塊，堆
The food had congealed into a sticky mass.
那食物結成了黏糊糊的一團。
mass of
a high mass of rock
一塊高大的岩石
b) [countableC usually singular]LOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT a large amount or quantity of something 大量，大宗
mass of
a huge mass of data
大量資料
c) masses of something British EnglishBrE informalLOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT a large amount of something, or a lot of people or things 許多的某物，大量的人［物］
Masses of books covered every surface in the room.
許多許多的書攤滿了整個房間。
2  crowd 人群 [singular]CROWD a large crowd 一大群
mass of
There was a mass of people around the club entrance.
俱樂部門口聚集着一大群人。
The road was blocked by a solid mass of protesters.
道路被密密麻麻的抗議者阻塞了。
► see thesaurus at group
3  the masses PERSON/PEOPLEall the ordinary people in society who do not have power or influence 民衆，平民
The trains provided cheap travel for the masses.
火車爲大衆提供了廉價的出行方式。
Examples from the Corpus
the masses• Donald Reid Cabral took over, but he had almost no following among the masses.• Just as long, that is, as the masses do not mind interminable delays.• The BeBox is not ready for the masses.• Lenin's position depended on the support of the masses.• Divorced from any clear patronage, western artists were free to look inwards and to ignore the tastes of the masses.• By contrast, the large zebra lives on the masses of low quality stem material.• Henry Ford made automobiles affordable to the masses.• Television has brought cheap entertainment to the masses.• The representatives of the middle classes were quite prepared to leave the movies to the masses.• Except on weekends, when the masses come to see them.• Whatever can not be shared with the masses is taboo to me.
4  the mass of people/the population/workers etc PERSON/PEOPLEmost of the people in a group or society 人民/人口/工人等中的大多數 SYN the majority
The war is strongly supported by the mass of the population.
這場戰爭得到了大多數人的有力支持。
Examples from the Corpus
the mass of people/the population/workers etc• For the mass of the population, indeed, the shift of interest arguably went in the other direction.• Such feelings developed very much within the context of the lived experience of the mass of the population.
5  church ceremony 教堂儀式 (also Mass)
a) [countableC, uncountableU] the main ceremony in some Christian churches, especially the Roman Catholic Church, which celebrates the last meal that Jesus Christ ate 〔尤指天主教的〕彌撒
What time do you go to mass?
你什麽時間去望彌撒？
morning/evening/midnight etc Mass
Will I see you at morning Mass?
我能在早上做彌撒時見到你嗎？
say/celebrate Mass (=perform this ceremony as a priest) 主持彌撒
→ High Mass
b) [countableC] a piece of music written to be performed at the ceremony of mass 彌撒曲
Mozart’s Mass in C minor
莫紮特的《C小調彌撒曲》
6  science 科學 [uncountableU] technicalHP the amount of material in something 質量
The Sun makes up 99.9% of the mass of our solar system.
太陽佔太陽系質量的99.9%。
→ critical mass
Examples from the Corpus
mass• A mass of people stood before the courthouse.• A mass of bodies scrambled over the shelves, everybody was shouting at one another and books were being thrown in all directions.• Aerobic exercise and reduced-calorie diets produce weight loss, but reduce the resting metabolic rate because they do not maintain muscle mass.• The bus station was a seething mass of people.• Balustraded verandas surmounted each level, and a succession of towers projected from the mass of the building.• What would he say of the masses of modern art that you have to plug in in order to fully appreciate?• The mass is apparently about right, and the Z o has appeared at just the right frequency.• Soon afterwards, as in the Western Middle Ages, there were masses of peasant serfs, and great feudal States.
solid mass• The drained curd, now a solid mass, is turned out of the muslin and the really hard work of milling begins.• To the Gaijin rear Jotan's five hundred were a solid mass cutting off the line of retreat.• The hygroscopic mixture got damp; when the humidity went down again it caked into an intractable solid mass.• Walls can be cut half-way down or at either side to form dividing slabs rather than solid masses.• It was wild, looking at the solid mass of people and then looking.
say/celebrate Mass• Having made that decision, he found he could once again say Mass.• Ask him to be so kind as to come here and say Mass tomorrow morning.• One such male priest conducted a ritual of purification of a church after a woman priest had celebrated Mass there.• Why tear the church apart sO you can see the priest say Mass?• Catholic community that celebrated Mass each Sunday in a chapel on the campus of Georgetown University.• I wasn't able to say Mass.• From about the twelfth century and until the Council, every priest was expected to say Mass separately each day.
mass2 ●●○ W3 adjectiveadj [only before noun]
PERSON/PEOPLEinvolving or intended for a very large number of people 民衆的，群衆的；大量的
a mass protest
大規模的抗議
weapons of mass destruction
大規模殺傷性武器
the problem of mass unemployment
大批人失業的問題
mass marketing/entertainment etc
a mass marketing campaign
大規模營銷活動
Email has made mass mailings possible at the touch of a button.
有了電子郵件，點擊一個按鈕就可以群發郵件。
Examples from the Corpus
mass• Annie has a degree in mass communications.• mass destruction• Frankish soldiers commit a terrible mass execution of defiant Saxons at Verden.• a mass grave• Today, just a few years after musical compact discs hit the mass market, the long box is history.• Daily newspapers are now becoming popular, providing the first phase of what will later become known as the mass media.• The mass payback continues to improve with each additional mission.• In spite of local differences, modern mass society was beginning to appear.• Air travel was growing rapidly, while the role of mass transit on the ground was shrinking almost everywhere.• At the Pavilion in Bournemouth there was a mass walk out of about 200 disgusted people.
mass marketing/entertainment etc• What had arrived now really was mass entertainment.• It provided a vocabulary for the mass marketing of hippies.• In the process it invented mass entertainment, the 10-lane freeway and smog.
mass3 verb [intransitiveI, transitiveT]
TOGETHERto come together, or to make people or things come together, in a large group （使）聚集，（使）集結，（使）集中 SYN gather
mass (something) behind/along/in etc something
Western reports say that troops have been massing in the region since December.
西方的報道說自12月起軍隊就在這個地區集結了。
grey clouds massing behind the mountains
在群山之後積聚的灰色雲團
Both countries have massed troops along the border.
兩國都在邊界一帶集結了軍隊。
Examples from the Corpus
mass• The animals which fought there gave little heed to defence; they massed around them and tried to engulf them.• Large numbers of women massed behind a single women's rights issue.• Most of our archers were massing in the gatehouse, shooting at those trying to force an entry.• According to some reports both countries then began massing troops in the region.
Origin mass1
1. (1300-1400) French masse, from Latin massa, from Greek maza
2. (800-900) Vulgar Latin missa “sending away at the end of a religious service”, from Latin mittere “to send”
mass1 nounmass2 adjectiveadjmass3 verb
Corpus
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989
mass

noun¹

 1large amount/number of sth大量ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤enormous, great, huge, large, vast巨大的一團；龐大的一團▸➤broad大量；大宗；大多數◇Their policies appeal to the broad mass of the population.他們的政策受到廣大民眾的歡迎。➤shapeless無形的一堆◇When I washed the sweater, it just turned into a shapeless mass.這件毛衣我洗了以後就不成形了。➤compact, dense, solid密實的一堆；緊密的一團；結實的一塊➤land陸塊◇the first women to cross Antarctica's land mass on foot首次徒步穿越南極大陸的女性➤chaotic亂糟糟的一堆◇a chaotic mass of ideas亂糟糟的一堆想法➤swirling打旋的一團◇a swirling mass of shadows一團打着旋的影子➤tangled纏結不清的一團◇a tangled mass of hair一團亂髮PREPOSITION➤mass of一團⋯◇a dense mass of smoke一團濃煙➤masses of (informal) 大量的⋯◇There were masses of people at the concert.音樂會上人山人海。PHRASES➤the huddled masses, the unwashed masses (= large numbers of poor people) 飢寒交迫的民眾；貧苦之眾◇the image of America with arms open wide to the world's huddled masses向全世界飢寒交迫的人們敞開懷抱的美國形象
mass

noun²

 2Mass Christian ceremony基督教儀式ADJECTIVE | VERB + MASS | PREPOSITION ADJECTIVE➤Catholic, requiem天主教／安魂彌撒➤midnight, Sunday午夜／主日彌撒VERB + MASS➤attend, go to, hear參加／去做／聆聽彌撒◇She never failed to attend Sunday Mass.她從未缺席主日彌撒。➤celebrate, offer, say主持彌撒；做彌撒◇The local priest celebrates Mass in the church.當地牧師在教堂主持彌撒。PREPOSITION➤mass for為⋯做的彌撒◇a requiem mass for the sailors who drowned為淹死的水手舉行的安魂彌撒
mass

noun³

 3 (technical術語) quantity of material質量ADJECTIVE | VERB + MASS ADJECTIVE➤atomic, molecular原子／分子質量➤body, bone, muscle身重；骨量；肌肉質量◇Calcium deficiency can lead to low bone mass in adolescent girls.鈣缺乏可能導致少女骨量低。➤critical足夠的數量◇The product has to be good enough to achieve a critical mass of customers. (figurative) 產品必須足夠好才能吸引到足夠數量的顧客。VERB + MASS➤measure測質量➤add, gain增加質量◇Bodybuilders trying to gain muscle mass eat a lot of protein.想要增加肌肉質量的健身者需要攝入大量蛋白質。
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989
mass verb
⇨ meet 1mass noun
⇨ general public (cheap transport for the masses) ⇨ pile (a mass of snow and rocks) ⇨ weight (the mass of a planet)mass adj.
⇨ wide 1
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 1857 COCA: 1989

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