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BNC: 245 COCA: 365

early

Word family 
ear·ly1 /ˈɜːli $ ˈɜːrli/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj (comparativecomp earlier, superlativesupl earliest)
1  first part 最初部分BEGINNING in the first part of a period of time, event, or process 〔時間、事件或過程〕早期的，初期的
the early morning sunshine
清晨的陽光
an afternoon in early spring
一個早春的午後
In the early days, the railways mainly carried goods.
最初，鐵路主要用於運輸貨物。
She is in her early twenties.
她20歲出頭。
the recession of the early 1980s
20世紀80年代初的經濟衰退
The money could be paid as early as next week.
錢款最早可以在下周支付。
He spent the early part of his career at St John’s Hospital.
他在聖約翰醫院度過了他的早期職業生涯。
the experiences of early childhood
幼年的經歷
the early works of Shakespeare
莎士比亞的早期作品
My earliest memories are of fruit trees.
我最早的記憶和果樹有關。
Early signs are encouraging.
早期的征兆鼓舞人心。
2  before usual 通常時間之前EARLY arriving or happening before the usual or expected time 提早的，提前的 OPP late
five minutes/three hours etc early
The bus was ten minutes early.
公共汽車早到了十分鐘。
early for
I was a few minutes early for my appointment.
我比約定時間早到了幾分鐘。
David decided to take early retirement (=stop working before the normal age).
戴維決定提前退休。
She drank herself into an early grave (=died younger than is normal).
她因酗酒而過早去世了。
3  beginning 開始EARLY used to emphasize that something has just begun, especially when you do not know how it will develop 早的〔用於強調某事剛開始〕
It’s too early to say what will happen.
現在說會發生什麽還爲時過早。
It’s early days yet. I don’t want to make any predictions.
現在還言之過早，我不想作出任何預測。
4  new thing 新事物 [only before noun]FIRST being one of the first people, events, machines etc 最初的
Early motor cars had very poor brakes.
早期的汽車車裝置很差。
fossil evidence of early man
原始人類的化石證據
5  the early hours LATEthe time between midnight and morning 淩晨
I didn’t finally get to bed until the early hours.
我直到淩晨才終於上床睡覺。
in the early hours of something
The attack happened in the early hours of Sunday morning.
襲擊發生於星期日淩晨。
Examples from the Corpus
in the early hours of something• Despite vowing to die in defence of Evangalista, in the early hours of Oct. 6 Noble surrendered unconditionally.• Thirteen families were made homeless in the early hours of that morning.• They fell asleep in the early hours of the morning, holding hands.• Journalists rang her day and night, even in the early hours of the morning.• Something had scared him enough to make him go running across rooftops in the early hours of the morning.• He died in the early hours of this morning.• The tail-end of a conversation in the early hours of Tuesday morning.• A policewoman discovered the blaze which occurred in the early hours of yesterday.
6  an early start EARLYa start made very early in the day because you have a lot to do, far to go etc 〔因工作繁重、路途遙遠等〕一大早就開始[出發]
We need to make an early start tomorrow.
我們明天一大早就得出發。
Examples from the Corpus
make an early start• I was collecting that night to make an early start in the morning and avoid the worst of the traffic.• Dennis excused himself, saying he had to make an early start the following morning.• The government says it simply wants to make an early start to convince the markets of its attachment to the strong franc.
7  at/from an early age when you are very young, or starting when you were very young 年少[早年]時/自年少[早年]時起
She’s played tennis from a very early age.
她從小就打網球。
Examples from the Corpus
at/from an early age• But what about alteration of brain chemistry at an early age?• Did you start painting at an early age?• I worry about cholesterol, because my father died of a heart attack at an early age.• Robin adds that as a boy he saw both the Graf Zeppelin and R-101, obviously an enthusiast from an early age.• Spong does not advocate marriage at an early age.• Both Maddy and Patrick were professionally successful at an early age, secure, and surrounded by helpful family.• Women learn at an early age that most men do not like angry women living in the same house.• If you get to know about these things at an early age you lose your shame and shyness.
8  an early night EARLYSLEEPif you have an early night, you go to bed earlier than usual 〔某晚〕比平時睡得早 OPP a late night
have/get an early night
I think I’ll get an early night.
我想今晚早點睡覺。
Examples from the Corpus
have/get an early night• Below once more, with everything as secure as she could make it, she decided she might as well have an early night.• But, if tonight you find yourself yawning at 9.30, why not have an early night?• Cancel any evening plans - have an early night.• I should have left you to fix your light snack and have an early night.• Maybe she would skip dinner and simply go to her cabin, unpack her things and get an early night.• Then I just felt so tired I thought I'd have an early night.• You should have an early night, but I don't suppose you will sleep.
9. early bird/early riser WAKE UP/GET UPsomeone who always gets up very early in the morning 慣於早起的人
10. the early bird catches the worm SUCCESSFULused to say that if you do something early or before other people, you will be successful 捷足先登；早起的鳥兒有蟲吃
11. early potatoes/lettuces etc HBPpotatoes etc that are ready to be picked before any others 早熟的馬鈴薯/莴苣等
Examples from the Corpus
early potatoes/lettuces etc• Plant garlic, shallots and Jerusalem artichokes as soon as possible, early potatoes about mid-month.• Farmers near Girvan and Dunbar use these advantages to provide early potatoes for the large markets of Glasgow and Edinburgh.• The early potatoes were well up and looking very healthy, I was happy to see.
n COLLOCATIONS
nouns
early morning/afternoon/evening
The lake looked beautiful in the pale early morning light.
early spring/summer etc
These plants produce flowers from early spring to late summer.
early August/January etc
Italy is lovely in early June, before it gets too hot.
the early days/months/years of something (=the period of time near the beginning of something)
In the early years of our marriage, we lived with my wife’s parents.
in your early twenties/forties etc (=aged 20–23,40–43 etc)
Both men are in their early twenties.
the early 1920s/1970s etc (=1920–23,1970–73 etc)
He lived in London in the early 1980s.
somebody’s early childhood/adolescence/life (=when someone is a young child, adolescent etc)
We’ve known each other since early childhood.
an early stage (=near the beginning of a process)
Patients can be treated with drugs, especially at the early stage of the disease.
the early part of something (=near the beginning of an event or period of time)
I was doing quite well in the early part of the race.
somebody’s earliest memory (=the first thing you can remember about something from your past)
One of my earliest memories is of being at a busy railway station, trying to find my mum.
 THESAURUS
early arriving or happening before the usual or expected time 提早的[地]，提前的[地]
For once, the train arrived early.
火車難得一次提前到達。
Let’s have an early lunch before we go.
我們提前吃個午飯再走吧。
in good time especially British EnglishBrE early enough, so that you do not have to rush, or so that you have time to get ready 及早，有足夠的時間
Everything was ready for the party in good time.
聚會所需的一切都及時準備就緒。
on time arriving somewhere or happening at the right time 按時，準時
The bus was on time.
公共汽車很準時。
The project was finished on time.
這個項目按時完成了。
ahead of time earlier than the time when you have arranged to do something or than when you need something 提前；事先
The building work was completed ahead of time.
施工提前完成。
Some of the food can be prepared ahead of time.
有些食物可以事先準備好。
ahead of schedule earlier than the officially agreed time 先於預定時間
The prime minister called the elections early, five months ahead of schedule.
首相提前了五個月舉行選舉。
with time to spare arriving somewhere or finishing something before the time when you have to arrive or finish 提前〔趕到或完成〕
We got to the airport with plenty of time to spare.
我們早早就到了機場。
I finished the test with time to spare.
我提前完成了測驗。
first thing especially spoken immediately after you get up, or as soon as you start work 〔起床後或一上班〕首先
I’ll telephone her first thing tomorrow.
明天我一起床就給她打電話。
Examples from the Corpus
early• By the early 1970s, partly preoccupied by family life, Tutin was seen far less in the theatre.• By early 1995, the business was close to bankruptcy.• The train was ten minutes early.• early automobiles• A financial panic ensued, as frantic as the earlier boom.• At other times, there may be signs of early cancer.• Early detection of cancer improves the chances of survival.• Rush and others said early intervention to keep kids out of gangs is just as important as locking up youthful offenders.• Hey, you're early! It's only five o'clock.• the story of her early life in India• The key similarity for Freud lies in the dominance of unconscious processes both for infants and for early man.• We're planning to go to Barcelona in early September.• Many of the earliest settlers here were from Sweden.• If we want to get to Las Vegas by noon, we'll have to make an early start.• Or has democracy itself been adapted to accommodate earlier suspicions and hostility?• a man in his early twenties• Accordingly, the psychiatry of the early twentieth century based its image of sanity on that model.• The records of early years tell little about Negro servitude in tobacco country.
Early signs• There is some way to go in all this despite the promising early signs.• The early signs are not promising.• My sister, too, shows early signs of depression.• It is free of charge and can help to detect early signs of health problems and prevent them developing.• And the early signs of that being altered date back to the tough public spending rounds of the early 1980s.• There are early signs some would-be migrants are hoping Fox can do that.• There are already early signs that this media flexible approach to our markets is creating opportunities to grow new revenue streams:?• But as long as you spot the early signs you should be okay - just keep the red bits covered for a few days.
early grave• I reckon that hat's in for an early grave.• The only thing you get out of that is an early grave.• Widows are suing the companies for death benefits, demanding compensation for the loss of husbands worked into an early grave.• An early grave or the emigrant ship.• Because if the indestructible Earnhardt can be put into an early grave, they all can.
It’s early days• Anyway, it's early days.• It's early days and the market for acrylics needs to find its own level.• Sue: I appreciate it's early days, but what can you tell me about the Workstart Pilots?• It's early days for us, you and me, if you like.• It's early days yet and if it does happen I will up-date you with the information.• It's early days yet, Paul.• Look, it's early days yet.• There was nothing on show to lift the roof - but in this remarkable renaissance, it's early days yet.
early2 ●●● S1 W1 adverbadv (comparativecomp earlier, superlativesupl earliest)
1  EARLYbefore the usual, arranged, or expected time 提早，提前 OPP late
We arrived early.
我們提早到了。
They must have come home early.
他們肯定提早回到家了。
2  BEGINNINGnear the beginning of a period of time, event, process etc 在早期，在初期，在開展階段 OPP late
early in
She went out early in the morning.
她一早就出去了。
He was sent off early in the game.
比賽開始後不久他就被罰下場。
early this/next/last year etc
The building should be finished early next year.
這幢樓應在明年初完工。
The restaurant opened earlier this month.
這家餐館本月早些時候開業了。
We want to start as early as possible.
我們想要盡早開始。
The disease is easy to treat if diagnosed early.
這種病如果在早期就診斷出來，是很容易治療的。
3  early on BEGINNINGat an early stage in a relationship, process etc 〔關系、過程等〕在初期，開始不久
I realized early on I’d never pass the exam.
開始不久我便意識到，我絕對通不過考試。
early on in
We encountered problems early on in the project.
我們在項目初期便遇到了難題。
Examples from the Corpus
early in• It is likely that the roles of husband and wife were defined early on in marriage.• My success as an attorney I chose early on in my career not to measure in fees.• When we are defined early on in our lives as bad and worthless we may become addicted to guilt.• I suppose I was a bit on the short side early on in secondary school.• Because they had been confused and upset early on in the campaign they found it hard to relax and trust us.• Time savings appear only if the best plays are looked at early on in the game.• Dale had beaten Sharpe 4-1 early on in the tournament.• If you own a computer it is worthwhile entering all your vocabulary on to a disk from early on in your programme.
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
arrive early/be early
Some of the guests arrived early.
leave early
I had to leave early, so I missed the end of the party.
be/get/come home early
Your father said he’d be home early.
get up/wake up/be up early
Set the alarm for six – I have to be up early tomorrow.
go to bed early
I think I’ll go to bed early tonight.
phrases
early in the morning/afternoon/evening
We set off early in the morning.
early in May/June etc
I usually go on holiday early in July.
early in 1998/2004 etc
We moved to Manchester early in 2004.
early in the year/century (=in the first part of the year or century)
It was too early in the year for a lot of flowers.
Examples from the Corpus
early• Due to a shortage of whiskey that evening, the party broke up early.• You should get there early if you want a good seat.• Its first conferences were held at Blackfriars and Blackpool early in 1932.• Colin Pennington's wife Joanne went into labour three weeks early in the bathroom of their home in Runcorn, Cheshire.• early in the century• Rangers scored early in the game but fell behind within ten minutes.• The next Opposition party should agree more timetabling of Bills early in the new Parliament, and we should keep to it.• The flowers were planted earlier in the spring.• I t could occur early in your service - or much later.• Yet very early, infants display an amazing interest in their world.• A reconvened multi-party constitutional conference early next month is expected to leap these hurdles quickly.• I'll be seeing him early next week.• I left work early to go to the dentist.• Whichever party is in opposition next time, let us try to decide early to timetable more Bills.
as early as possible• Clearly, whatever the problems it is important that they are dealt with as early as possible.• I and my colleagues understand the anxiety caused by uncertainties like this and will clarify the position as early as possible.• It is therefore essential for a new user of water to make a licence application as early as possible.• Tomorrow she would go home as early as possible and she would never see him again.• They said babies at risk should be tested as early as possible so that treatment can begin immediately.• The purchaser should identify the need for an independent valuation as early as possible to avoid subsequent delay nearer completion.• Try to shop as early as possible, too.• Please confirm, as early as possible, whether you will be able to attend.
Origin early1
Old English ærlice, from ær “early, soon”

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