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IELTS BNC: 2290 COCA: 2303

illness

Word family 
Related topics: Daily life, Illness & disability
ill·ness /ˈɪlnəs/ ●●● S3 W3 noun [countableC, uncountableU]  
ILLNESS/DISEASEa disease of the body or mind, or the condition of being ill 病，疾病；患病状态
 She had all the normal childhood illnesses.
儿童的常见病她小时候都得过。
 Her mother was recovering from a serious illness.
她母亲重病后正在逐渐康复。
 I’ve never missed a day’s work through illness.
我从未因病耽误过一天工作。
 ways to improve your health and reduce the risk of illness
增进健康减少疾病的方法
→ disease
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
have an illness 生病
When did you first find out that you had the illness?
你最早是什么时候发现自己有这个病？
suffer from an illness 患病
She suffers from a rare illness.
她患上了一种罕见的病。
get/develop an illness 得病
She developed the illness when she was in her 50s.
她五十多岁时得了这种病。
contract an illness formal (=get an illness by catching it from another person) 染上疾病
He contracted the illness while he was working abroad.
他在国外工作时染上了这个病。
recover from an illness 病后康复
It took several months for him to recover from his illness.
他的病几个月后才得以痊愈。
be diagnosed with an illness (=be found by doctors to have an illness) 被诊断出患有某种疾病
nHer husband had just been diagnosed with a terminal illness.
cause/lead to illness 致病
nInadequate hygiene can lead to illness.
prevent illness 防病
nVaccines have been successful in preventing illness.
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + illness
serious/severe 严重的
His illness is more severe than the doctors first thought.
他的病比医生一开始估计的要严重。
minor (=not serious) 不严重的
He suffered a succession of minor illnesses.
他接连生了几次小病。
fatal (=causing death quite quickly) 致命的
She developed a fatal illness.
她身患绝症。
life-threatening (=likely to cause death) 危及生命的
Doctors say that his illness isn’t life-threatening.
医生说他的病不会危及生命。
terminal (=causing death eventually, and not possible to cure) 晚期的，不治的
At that point the illness was thought to be terminal.
到了那个阶段这病被认为已无法治好了。
incurable (=not possible to cure) 不治的，治不好的
nThe films tells the sad story of a young boy with an incurable illness.
acute (=becoming serious very quickly) 急性的
nA lot of illnesses can be either acute or chronic.
chronic (=that lasts a long time, and cannot be cured) 慢性的
nDiabetes is an example of a chronic illness.
a long/short illness 长期/短期疾病
She nursed him through his long illness.
他久病期间她一直照顾他。
nArthur died following a short illness.
a debilitating illness (=that makes you very weak) 使人虚弱的疾病
nHis last years were ruined by a debilitating illness.
a childhood illness 儿童期的疾病
nMeasles is a common childhood illness.
a mental/psychiatric illness 精神病
nWe provide specialist care for young people with mental illnesses.
phrases
the symptoms of an illness 症状
Symptoms of the illness include vomiting and severe headaches.
这种病的症状包括呕吐和剧烈头痛。
a period of illness 患病期间
nHe returned to work after a period of illness.
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘a heavy illness’. Say a serious illness or a severe illness.
不要说 ‘a heavy illness’. 而要说 a serious illness 或 a severe illness.
 THESAURUS
illness something wrong with your health which makes you feel ill 病，疾病
Her husband was in hospital for six months with a serious illness.
她丈夫因患重病在医院待了六个月。
disease a particular illness, especially one that spreads to other people easily or that affects one part of your body 〔尤指会传染或影响身体某部位的〕疾病
childhood diseases such as measles and chickenpox
麻疹和水痘这类小儿疾病
heart disease
心脏病
infection an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus 〔由细菌或病毒引起的〕感染
His cough got worse and worse and became a chest infection.
他咳嗽得越来越厉害，最后演变为肺部感染。
condition a health problem that affects you permanently or for a long time 〔永久或长期的〕疾病
a medical condition such as asthma
哮喘等疾病
a heart condition
心脏病
problem [usually after a noun] something that is wrong with a particular part of your body or your health in general 〔身体某部位或整体健康状况方面的〕疾病
a serious back problem
很严重的背部疾病
health problems
健康问题
trouble [singular, only after a noun] illness or pain that affects a particular part of your body 〔身体某部位的〕疾病；疼痛
I’ve had a bit of stomach trouble.
我的胃有点毛病。
disorder formal an illness that prevents a particular organ of your body from working properly, or affects the way you behave 〔某器官的〕疾病；失调
a liver disorder
肝病
a blood disorder
血液病
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder.
神经性厌食症是一种饮食失调病。
an illness that is not very serious 不很严重的病
bug informal an illness that spreads to other people very easily but that is not very serious 〔很容易传染但不严重的〕小病
There’s a bug going round at school and a lot of the children are absent.
学校里出现了一种传染病，很多小孩没来上学。
a flu bug
流感
complaint medical an illness that affects a particular part of your body, especially one that is not very serious – used by doctors 疾病〔尤指不很严重的病，医生用语〕
a minor skin complaint
轻微的皮肤病
Deakin suffers from a back complaint called arachnoiditis.
迪金患上一种名为蛛网膜炎的背部疾病。
ailment /ˈeɪlmənt/ formal an illness that affects a particular part of your body, especially one that is not serious 疾病，小病
People often go to their doctor about relatively minor ailments.
有小毛病的话人们一般都去看家庭医生。
The ointment is used to treat ailments such as small wounds and insect bites.
这种药膏用于治疗虫咬等小伤小病。
the general state of being ill 一般性的生病情况
illness the general state of being ill 患病〔状态〕
Stress is emerging today as a major cause of illness.
如今压力已成为诱发疾病的主要因素。
sickness the state of being ill, especially when it stops you working 患病〔尤导致不能上班〕
absence from work due to sickness
因病缺勤
ill health formal the state of being ill, usually for a long period of time 〔通常指长期的〕健康状况不佳
Research shows that there is a link between air pollution and ill health.
研究表明空气污染与健康状况不佳有关联。
Examples from the Corpus
illness• Most childhood illnesses can now be easily prevented.• He himself was thin and pale from illness, and was lying on the bed, wrapped in an old coat.• Our hospitals would be empty if we tried to discriminate between self-induced or even partially self-induced illnesses, and naturally developed diseases.• She died yesterday after a long illness.• About 30 percent of people with a mental illness also are drug or alcohol abusers, the audit said.• His preparation to be a deacon was disturbed by a death and by mental illness.• People are often too embarrassed to admit that they have suffered from any form of mental illness.• mental illness• Minor illnesses such as colds are usually best left to get better by themselves.• Most illnesses and infections are easier to treat if they are diagnosed early.• You are allowed time off work only in cases of serious illness or bereavement.• People whose disabilities begin with severe illness or injury find themselves in medical hands whether they like it or not.• Should doctors always tell patients that they have terminal illnesses such as cancer?• Experiments involve a spurious association between the novel food and the illness which is usually induced chemically or by X-rays.• Doctors believe he may have contracted the illness while he was in Africa.• 80% of patients now recover completely from this illness and are able to lead perfectly normal lives.
ill·ness noun →COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
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