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half

Word family 
half1 /hɑːf $ hæf/ ●●● S1 W1 predeterminer , pronoun , adjective [only before noun]
1  50% 百分之五十SHARE exactly or about 50% (½) of an amount, time, distance, number etc 一半的，半
half of
Over half of the children live in one-parent families.
這些孩子有一半多生活在單親家庭。
Only half the guests had arrived by seven o’clock.
7點鐘前只來了一半客人。
If you look at our members, at least half are women.
看看我們的會員，至少有一半是女性。
half a mile/pound/hour etc
half a pound of butter
半磅黃油
It’s about half a mile down the road.
沿這條路走大約半英裏就到了。
She drank half a bottle of wine.
她喝了半瓶酒。
half a million dollars
50萬美元
a half hour/mile etc
You can’t just waltz in a half hour late.
你不可以遲到半小時才大搖大擺地進來。
It’s about a half mile down the road.
沿這條路走大約半英裏就到了。
a half day excursion to the island
去島上的半日遊
He demanded a half share of the money.
他要求分得一半的錢。
half the price/size/length etc
It’s only half the size of a normal violin.
它只有普通小提琴的一半大。
They offered to pay half the cost of repairs.
他們提出支付一半的修理費用。
2  most of 大部分MOST the largest part of something 一大半
half of
We missed half of what he said because someone was talking.
因爲有人講話，他大半的話我們都沒聽到。
She seems to be asleep half the time.
她似乎多半時間都在睡覺。
Getting covered in mud is half the fun.
很大一部分樂趣在於渾身沾滿泥巴。
3  TIME 時間half past one/two/three etc especially British EnglishBrE (also half one/two/three etc British EnglishBrE spoken)TMC 30 minutes after the hour mentioned 1點半/2點半/3點半等
I got home at about half past one.
我1點半左右到家的。
I rang at about half six.
我是6點半左右打電話的。
We’ll be there by seven or half past (=half past seven).
我們會在7點或7點半前到那兒。
Examples from the Corpus
half past one/two/three etc• They'd all been given leaflets about it at half past three.• She arrived at the Herald building at half past three, and walked past the uniformed commissionaire to the lift.• The return journey was supposed to start at half past three but there would always be a few people missing.• At half past three he wanted to die, or to kill somebody.• It was half past three in the morning.• At half past one the men got up and checked their equipment, gathering several sticks as well.• At half past two this morning my wife died.
4  half a dozen 
a) HMNsix 半打，六個
half a dozen eggs
六只蛋
b) LOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNTa small number of people or things 幾個
There were half a dozen other people in front of me.
我前面還有其他幾個人。
Examples from the Corpus
half a dozen• Sunday night he was wild on at least a half dozen.• Customer-driven systems also allow individuals to meet their needs in a holistic way, without applying to half a dozen different programs.• He found half a dozen fishermen seated under the palm trees at the foot of the Co-operative quay.• I still do half a dozen or so of these scarlet cross-overs a year, to this day.• Inside the cafe there were half a dozen other people.• Perhaps half a dozen were Hispanic, and the rest, black.• About half a dozen women and children had appeared and were standing, holding hands, watching me.
5  half a/the chance a small opportunity to do something, especially one which someone would take eagerly 一丁點機會
I’d go to university if I got half the chance.
要是我有一丁點機會，我就去上大學。
Many kids would sleep till noon given half a chance.
只要有機會，很多孩子會睡到中午。
Examples from the Corpus
given half a chance• It's the trees they go for, given half a chance.• It sounded the sort of voice which might start offering gynaecological details if given half a chance.• That's nothing on how good they could be, given half a chance.• Unlike the others, the goat is a ruminant, and will eat almost anything given half a chance.• Many teenagers today would live in their trainers, given half a chance, but try to discourage this.• If the people are given half a chance there is hope for a return to it's colourful and vibrant past.• As McKinsey laments, given half a chance they revert to old habits.
6  half an eye/ear if you have half an eye on something, or if you are listening with half an ear, you are giving only part of your attention to it 心不在焉[不全神貫注]地看/聽
He listened with only half an ear and his thoughts wandered.
他心不在焉地聽着，思緒遊移不定。
The teacher kept half an eye on them all through the lesson.
整堂課上老師分出一部分注意力留意着他們。
Examples from the Corpus
half an eye/ear• He told me this and that, but I listened with only half an ear.• Anyone with half an eye could see Susan's antagonism towards her.• With only half an ear for Grigoriev's response, Rostov stared across the room.• She always had half an eye for him; sometimes I thought she watched him as a tamer does a tiger.• Always half an ear, half a mind.• Of course, no government with half an eye on re-election would ever legalise anything it didn't have to.• Allen kept half an eye on the path as he worked.• He has half an eye on where the gun went.
7  be half the battle spokenDIFFICULT used to say that when you have done the most difficult part of an activity, the rest is easy 成功了一大半
Getting the audience to like you is half the battle.
讓觀衆喜歡你意味着成功了一大半。
Examples from the Corpus
be half the battle• And as the Reidys said, finding a family-friendly company is half the battle.• Media mavens contend that the visual comparison of the two men side by side is half the battle.• Relishing the state is half the battle towards a good life, for everyone.
8  half a minute/moment/second etc spokenSHORT TIME a very short time 一會兒
Hold on, this will only take half a second.
等一等，一會兒就行了。
Examples from the Corpus
half a minute/moment/second etc• Add bean sprouts and cook another half minute.• I pulled to the curb for half a minute.• Poole and Bowman studied the screen in silence for half a minute.• The fireball that came with the flash lasted for half a second and enveloped the whole stumbling figure.• The fireball is visible for about half a minute before the object exits from the atmosphere with its original speed virtually undiminished.• After one and a half minutes the aircraft began to overshoot, correctly making an initial turn to the west.• Report repeated two and a half second ticking sounds from plane.
9  only half the story SECRETan explanation that is not complete, used especially to say that someone is trying to keep something secret 只是〔事件的〕部分真相
Journalists are convinced that she was only telling them half the story.
記者們確信她只告訴了他們部分真相。
Examples from the Corpus
only half the story• How could you side with them after hearing only half the story?• But numbers on economic growth that look so wonderful for the emerging world tell only half the story.• But this is only half the story.• Obviously, television has heightened awareness of the sport, but that is only half the story.• Of course, what Dooley did at the water fountain was only half the story!• If only half the stories are true, this is some one who attracts trouble.• The red notebook, of course, is only half the story, as any sensitive reader will understand.• But that was only half the story of what was on General Kent's mind, and Harry would see that immediately.
10  have half a mind to do something spoken used to say that you would like to do something but you probably will not do it 有點想做某事〔但很可能不做〕
He had half a mind to ask for his money back.
他有點想要回他的錢。
I have half a mind to tell your mother about this.
我有點想把這事告訴你母親。
Examples from the Corpus
have half a mind to do something• I have half a mind to just go home.• I have half a mind to make you take this right back.• I have half a mind to tell her what I really think of her.
11  half measures EFFECTIVEactions or methods that are not strong enough, and so are not effective in dealing with a difficult problem 〔處理難題〕不徹底的辦法[行動]
This is no time for half measures.
這時候不痛不癢的辦法行不通。
Examples from the Corpus
half measures• I suppose I was never contented with half measures.• Learn your trade fully, do the job properly - no half measures.• The only alternative to Lloyd George's lies were Asquith's half measures.• There's no half measures to playing this way.• Half measures will not fix America's health-care problems.
12. half a loaf (is better than none) something that is less than what you wanted or asked for, but that you might accept because it is better than nothing 有總比沒有好，聊勝於無
5 GRAMMAR 語法
Use a plural verb after half (of) if you are referring to a number of people or things. 如果指若幹人或事物，half (of)後要用複數動詞
Barely half the citizens bother to vote.
只有半數公民願意投票。
Use a singular verb if you are referring to an amount or thing. 如果指某一數量或事物，要用單數動詞
Half the food was wasted.
一半的食物浪費了。
You do not usually say ‘the half’. 一般不說the half
Over half of Britain’s ancient woodland has been destroyed.
英國超過一半的古林地已遭毀壞。
The only time you say ‘the half’ is when you are referring to a particular half. 只有在指特定的一半時，才可以用the half
I’ve only read half of the story (NOT 不說 the half of the story).
這故事我才看了一半。
Do not say ‘half of hour’. Say half an hour or, especially in spoken American English, a half hour. 不要說 half of hour，而要說 half an hour 或者 a half hour (尤在美語口語中使用)。
the first half of the book
這本書的前半部分
Do not say ‘one and half’, ‘two and half’ etc. Say one and a half , two and a half etc. 不要說 one and half, two and half 等，而要說 one and a half, two and a half 等
She is two and a half years old.
她兩歲半。
These phrases are followed by a plural noun, not a singular noun. 這樣的短語後要用複數名詞，而不要用單數名詞
one and a half days (NOT 不說 one and a half day)
一天半
n Grammar
Numbers with half
You say one and a half, two and a half etc: 她兩歲半。
She is two and a half.
✗Don’t say: one and half | two and half
The phrases one and a half, two and a half etc are followed by a plural noun:
We were there for one and a half days.
✗Don’t say: We were there for one and a half day.
Singular or plural verb?
You can use half (of) with a plural noun and a plural verb:
Only half the citizens vote.
You can use half (of) with an uncountable noun and a singular verb:
Half the food was wasted.
一半的食物浪費了。
Word order
You say half (of) the:
I’ve only read half the story.
這故事我才看了一半。
✗Don’t say: I’ve only read the half story.
Examples from the Corpus
half the price/size/length etc• But the Boxster is about much more than just raw acceleration, which you can get for half the price elsewhere.• Tabloid a page half the size of a broadsheet.• This accommodation offers tremendous value and half the price of comparable Motels.• The whale was about thirty feet long, half the length of Hsu Fu, and would have weighed about seven tons.• This is a brown crustacean, half the size of the end of a pencil, that is extremely difficult to eradicate.• The forelimbs are less than half the length of the hind limbs, which suggests an obligatory bipedal posture.• It was half the size of the one he had just left, he noticed, unusually observant.• The general thinking was it would be about half the size of what it announced, about 20,000.
half the fun• It always fails, but that's half the fun.• Nigel was left with just one woman in his life to torment, which was only half the fun.• But any truly individual room has to evolve slowly; this is half the fun and certainly half the charm.• At each stage, half the fun comes from sharing the trials and triumphs with friends who are undergoing the same experiences.• Judd said half the fun of being with girls was when he was doing the chasing.• Still, half the fun of this run is the anticipation.• Luck has always played a key role in doing the pools, but half the fun was thinking that skill mattered.
Related topics: Sport, Football, Drink
half2 ●●● S1 W2 noun (plural halves /hɑːvz $ hævz/) [countableC]
1  50% 百分之五十SHARE one of two equal parts of something 一半，二分之一
Two halves make a whole.
兩個一半構成一個整體。
one/two etc and a half (=1½, 2½ etc) 一個半/兩個半等
My son’s three and a half now.
我兒子現在三歲半了。
an hour and a half later
一個半小時以後
two and a half thousand people
兩千五百人
first/second/other half (of something)
in the first half of the 19th century
在19世紀上半葉
He kept the other half of the cake for himself.
他把另一半蛋糕留給了自己。
top/bottom/northern etc half (of something)
A veil covered the lower half of her face.
面紗遮住了她的下半邊臉。
the southern half of the country
這個國家的南半部
break/cut/tear etc something in half (=into two equal parts) 將某物分成/切成/撕成等兩半
She tore the piece of paper in half.
她把那張紙撕成了兩半。
reduce/cut something by half (=make something 50% smaller) 將某物減少一半
a plan to cut European forces by half
歐洲裁軍一半的計劃
2  sport 體育運動DS one of the two parts into which a sports event is divided 半場
first/second half
France played very well in the first half.
法國隊上半場打得非常好。
3  player 運動員DSF a player who plays in the middle part of the field in sports like football, rugby etc 〔足球、橄欖球等的〕中場隊員
the 23-year-old Newcastle centre half
23歲的紐卡斯爾隊中前衛
4  beer 啤酒 British EnglishBrEDFD a half of a pint of beer 半品脫
half of
Can I have a half of lager, please?
給我來半品脫淡啤酒好嗎？
5  ticket 票 British EnglishBrETT a child’s ticket, for example on a bus or train, that is cheaper than an adult’s ticket 兒童半票
One and a half to Waterloo, please.
到滑鐵盧一張全票，一張半票，謝謝。
6  a ... and a half informalGOOD/EXCELLENT used when you think that something is very unusual or surprising, or very good …棒極了，…好極了
That was a meal and a half!
那頓飯棒極了！
Examples from the Corpus
a ... and a half• Raymo led him a block and a half south.• Federal employees were again told to stay at home after the city was buried under a foot and a half of snow.• The firehouse is about a mile and a half away from my house.• In the previous half-century it could not have been more than a million and a half in all.• Jones is in a Merseyside clinic after losing a stone and a half in weight over the last seven days.• This phase was to last a year and a half and it was a period of general ineffectuality.• He has been engaged to another girl for over a year and a half.
7  the half of it spokenWORSE used to emphasize that a situation is more difficult, complicated, or unpleasant than people realize 整個情況的一部分〔用於強調比人們所意識到的更難、更複雜或更糟〕
Everyone knows she’s a difficult girl, but they don’t know the half of it.
大家都知道她是個難相處的女孩，但卻不知道她還有更糟糕的一面。
Examples from the Corpus
the half of it• If I told you she was a little flaky, you wouldn't be getting the half of it.• You don't know the half of it.• That, however, as Digby well knew was not the half of it.• Loft is only the half of it, son.• Actually, Josh saw and knew only the half of it.• But that was only the half of it.• But this isn't the half of it.
8. your better half/other half old-fashionedMARRY used humorously to mean your husband, wife, or partner 你的另一半〔幽默用法，指丈夫或妻子〕
9  not do something by halves CAREFULto do something very eagerly and using a lot of care and effort 一絲不苟地做某事，做某事不馬虎
I’m sure it will be a fantastic wedding. Eva never does anything by halves.
我肯定婚禮一定會辦得非常出色。伊娃辦事從不馬虎。
Examples from the Corpus
not do something by halves• I'm sure it will be a fantastic wedding. Eva never does anything by halves.• He comes from a family that does not do things by halves.
10  go halves (on something) SHAREto share something, especially the cost of something, equally between two people 〔兩人〕平均分攤(某物的費用)；平分，對半分
Do you want to go halves on a pizza?
你要和我合買一個比薩餅嗎？
Examples from the Corpus
go halves (on something)• He generously agrees to go halves on you.• She'd promised to go halves with him if he got anywhere in his negotiations.• Do you want to go halves on a pizza?
11  too clever/rich/good etc by half British EnglishBrE informalANNOY very clever, rich etc in an annoying way 聰明/富有/好等過了頭
That boy’s too arrogant by half.
那個男孩太傲慢了。
Examples from the Corpus
too clever/rich/good etc by half• The arithmetic can not be faulted - and may well be judged too clever by half.
12. how the other half lives SSLIFEhow people who are much richer or much poorer than you manage their lives, work, money etc 富人[窮人]是怎樣過日子的
Examples from the Corpus
how the other half lives• Ye never knew how the other half lives!• High-ranking public officials should take the bus so they can see how the other half lives.
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
break/cut/tear something in half (=into two equal pieces)
He tore the paper in half.
divide/split something in half
Divide the dough in half.
reduce/cut something by half (=make something 50% smaller or 50% less)
The company has reduced the number of staff by half.
decrease/fall by half (=become 50% less)
Share prices fell by half.
increase/rise by half (=become 50% more)
The number of passengers using the service has increased by half.
adjectives
the top/bottom half
He graduated in the top half of his law school class.
the upper/lower half
The upper half of the door contained a stained glass window.
the northern/southern half
The northern half of the city is generally poorer.
the first/second half
Profits doubled in the first half of the year.
the other half
Half the patients were given the drug and the other half were given a sugar pill.
the last/latter half
He struggled with ill health in the latter half of his life.
phrases
one/two etc and a half
‘How old is she?’ ‘Five and a half.’
Examples from the Corpus
half• After an hour and a half, you too may find yourself chanting, Save us Jackie, save us.• Especially since I said to David about a week and a half ago and then.• The referee added seven minutes of injury time in a stop-start first half.• The home side went ahead through Thierry Henry in the first half and Nwankwo Kanu in the second.• Slice loin and place on other half of plate; drizzle with oil and sprinkle with basil.• It was even Steven in the second half, but towards the end Gloucester roared into life.
reduce/cut something by half• Deglaze pan with nut-brown ale and reduce liquid by half. 3.• Remove the pears to a bowl, place the saucepan on the heat and reduce the sauce by half.• This eminently reasonable development cut their sales by half.• Our reckoning is that we should cut that by half.• It hopes to reduce consumption by half by the year 2025.• We reduced it by half and like the result very much.
first/second half• The goalless first half finished on a controversial note when Cambridge were denied an advantage after winger Lee Philpott was felled.• During the first half of the 1980s, these cries actually put people to sleep.• I now invite you to complete the enclosed form detailing your sports events for the second half of the year.• While the deals continued, there was a palpably different mood about the show from the second half of the week onwards.• But teams have shot better in the second half against us.• They kept the Niners' defense on the field for almost 21 minutes in the first half, under a searing sky.• It sold 234,000 tons in the first half.• In the second half the work began to change dramatically.
centre half• How long will he go on buying midfield players when what we still need is a centre half?• Noo there wis a centre half.• Although a recognised left back, Jimmy Phillips had experience at centre half with Rangers.• Curtis Fleming has been tried at centre half in two recent Central League games but lacks experience for a key job.• With Beeny in goal and Newsome and Wetherall at centre half did the defence look more assured?• Crewe centre half, Darren Carr got the header as the Hereford defence stood and watched.• Boss Billy Bonds has been impressed in training by the 23-year-old centre half from Partisan Belgrade.• Why did we not buy another younger centre half?
half3 ●●● S2 adverbadv
1  MIDDLEpartly, but not completely 部分地，不完全地
He was half in the water and half out.
他的身體一半在水中，一半露在水面上。
She was standing there half dressed, putting on her make-up.
她衣服穿了一半，站在那裏化着妝。
The door was only half closed.
門僅半開着。
The jug was still half full.
那個罐子還半滿着呢。
a half-empty wine bottle
半空的葡萄酒瓶
I was only half awake.
我只是半醒着。
He looked half asleep.
他看上去半睡半醒。
I was half expecting her to say ‘no’.
我有點希望她會說不。
I half hoped that they wouldn’t come.
我有些希望他們不會來。
I said it half jokingly.
我是半開玩笑地說的。
2  MIXif something is half one thing and half something else, it is a combination of those two things 一半〔表示某事物是兩種事物的結合〕
He’s half English, half Swiss.
他有一半英格蘭血統，一半瑞士血統。
3  EMPHASIZEused to emphasize something bad, to say that it is almost an extremely bad thing 極其，非常〔強調情況很糟〕
The kitten looked half starved.
小貓看起來餓壞了。
He was half dead with exhaustion.
他累得半死。
I had been driven half out of my mind with worry.
我擔心得都快發瘋了。
4 
a) half as much/big etc half the size, amount etc of something else 一半多/大等
The new machine has all the same functions, but is only half as large.
這台新機器功能和原來的一樣，但體積只有原來的一半大。
b) half as much/big etc againBIG larger by an amount that is equal to half the original size 多/大等一半
A flat in London costs almost half as much again as a flat in Glasgow.
倫敦的公寓價格幾乎比格拉斯哥高出一半。
5  not half as/so good/interesting etc (as somebody/something) LESSmuch less good, less interesting etc than someone or something else 遠不如(某人/某物)好/有趣等
The movie wasn’t half as entertaining as the book.
這部電影遠不如原書好看。
She can’t love you half as much as I do.
她不可能像我這樣愛你。
6  not half British EnglishBrE spokenLOT/VERY MUCH used when you want to emphasize an opinion or statement 極其，非常
She doesn’t half talk once she gets started.
她只要一打開話匣子就沒個完。
Examples from the Corpus
not half• Not three, not half a dozen, not a rifle platoon.• Likewise with Relevance: if B wants three bolts, he wants them now not half an hour later.• So he was not half as earnest and solemn as she had thought him.• But I prefer to see the glass as half full, not half empty.• It's not half so mysterious when you've got a horde of parents dragging screaming kids around it.• Yet not half so tiresome as a February expedition across the fens.• The game could really have been over by about 60 mins, if not half time.
7  not half bad spokenGOOD/EXCELLENT an expression meaning good, used especially when you are rather surprised that something is good 相當好，不錯〔尤指出乎意料〕
Actually, the party wasn’t half bad.
實際上，這次聚會很不錯。
Examples from the Corpus
not half bad• The pizza here isn't half bad.
8  half and half PARTLYpartly one thing and partly another 各佔一半
The group was about half and half, complete beginners and people with some experience.
這個小組裏有的完全是新手，有的有一些經驗，差不多各佔一半。
Examples from the Corpus
half and half• It looked like the crowd was about half and half, men and women.• About half and half, Ralph figured.• I thought you were supposed to enjoy it, and it was half and half really.• Mix the hot water, chicken stock and half and half.• Now it's about half and half.• Others prefer to split the drinking and carrying half and half.• Tamsin, being half and half, could have been in any of them.• Yesterday, you were half and half.
Examples from the Corpus
half• But LeRoy, he got one half again as big.• That's 45 percent more than in 1990, but virtually half as many as visited the Paris show.• Miss Russell had a morbid fear of sunlight fading carpets and furnishings, so the curtains were half drawn as usual.• I found him sitting on his bed, half-dressed.• "That's good, " he said dully, putting down his half-eaten sandwich.• By this time the poor charioteer was half fainting with terror, and he let the reins fall.• She half fell, half collapsed against it, unable to stop the tears of fear and anguish pouring down her face.• Her first album is now half finished and is due out later this year.• Her right hand rests on her knee, her left is half hidden in a pocket.• Cold and half naked in the darkened bedroom, Cantor felt the day had taken a shape for the worse.• There was a half-smoked cigarette in the ashtray.• It struck me that there was nothing there half so beautiful as the vision just presented by its derelict predecessor.• The houses were half-submerged by the flood water.
half asleep• He never lost his sense of humor, even when he was half asleep.• The old lady nodded, as if half asleep.• Inside, the Porter was half asleep behind a newspaper.• Most of the time they were half asleep, chatting about the weather.• Corporal L, the Royal Signals Operator, is half asleep in his chair.• Sorcerer felt dazed and half asleep, still dreaming wild dawn dreams.• She stayed on top of him, half asleep still.• It was a hot day, and I think I must have been half asleep when I noticed something very strange.
BNC: 470 COCA: 547
half

noun

ADJECTIVE | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤first, second上半場；下半場▸➤last, latter最後一半；後半部◇in the latter half of the 19th century19 世紀後半葉➤top, upper上半部▸➤bottom, lower下半部◇the lower half of the window窗戶的下半部➤front前半部▸➤back, rear後半部◇the rear half of the car汽車的後半部➤left, right左半部；右半部◇the left half of the brain左腦➤northern, western, etc.北半部、西半部等◇the northern half of the country該國北半部➤remaining剩下的一半◇Cut the remaining half into large chunks.把剩下的一半切成大塊。PREPOSITION➤by half一半◇Costs rose by half.成本增加了 50%。➤in half成為兩半◇We divided the money in half.我們把錢平分了。➤in the... half在⋯半部份◇He played well in the second half.他在下半場表現得很好。➤half of⋯的一半◇the first half of the concert音樂會的上半場◇Over a half of all accidents happen in the home.超過半數的事故是在家裏發生的。PHRASES➤about half, almost half, around half, at least half, over half大約／接近／大致／至少／超過一半◇Over half of all the people interviewed said they were disappointed in the government.超過一半的被訪者對政府感到失望。➤half and half對半平分◇We split the work half and half.我們把工作對半分。➤one, two, three, etc. and a half一歲半、兩歲半、三歲半等◇She's four and a half years old now.她現在四歲半。➤sb's other half (= husband/wife/partner) 某人的另一半◇You'll have to ask my other half.你得問問我家那口子。
BNC: 470 COCA: 547
half noun
⇨ roundhalf adv.
⇨ partly
BNC: 470 COCA: 547

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