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extinction

Word family 
Related topics: Biology
ex·tinc·tion /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/ ●○○ noun [uncountableU]  
1  HBEXISTwhen a particular type of animal or plant stops existing 灭绝，绝种
 species in danger of extinction
有灭绝危险的物种
on the verge/edge/brink of extinction (=nearly extinct) 濒临灭绝
 The breed was on the verge of extinction.
这一物种濒临灭绝。
 They were hunted almost to extinction.
它们遭受猎杀，几近灭绝。
 Conservationists are trying to save the whale from extinction.
生态环境保护工作者正努力挽救鲸类以防止其灭绝。
face extinction/be threatened with extinction
 Many endangered species now face extinction.
许多濒危物种现正面临灭绝。
2  DISAPPEARwhen a type of person, custom, skill etc stops existing 〔某种类型的人、习俗、技能等的〕绝迹，消亡
 Their traditional way of life seems doomed to extinction.
他们的传统生活方式似乎注定要消亡。
n COLLOCATIONS
verbs
face extinction (=be likely to stop existing soon)
The red squirrel faces extinction in England and Wales unless conservation measures are taken.
cause/lead to extinction (=make an animal, plant etc stop existing)
Exactly what caused the extinction of the dinosaurs?
phrases
be threatened with extinction (=very likely to stop existing)
Hundreds of species of birds are now threatened with extinction.
be in danger of extinction
The species are in danger of extinction in the UK.
be on the brink/verge of extinction (=be at the point of almost not existing)
The Siberian crane is on the verge of extinction due to hunting.
be saved from extinction
There are hopes that the animals have now been saved from extinction.
adjectives
total/complete extinction
Hippos may face total extinction if their habitat continues to dwindle.
near extinction (=being almost becoming extinct)
Wolves have returned to the forest, almost ten years after near extinction.
virtual extinction (=being very nearly extinct)
The deer has been hunted to virtual extinction.
certain extinction (=extinction which will definitely happen)
The crested ibis faces certain extinction in Japan after attempts to breed from the sole remaining pair have failed.
imminent/impending extinction (=likely to happen soon)
The ban on hunting was introduced to stop the imminent extinction of some big game animals.
Examples from the Corpus
extinction• Out of 329 parrot species, 30 now face extinction.• attempts to save the elephant from extinction• In the infrared, extinction by dust is an order of magnitude smaller than in the visible portion of the spectrum.• Among the Scandinavian settlers of the Upper Mississippi Valley, leprosy had declined to near extinction.• Loss of beachfront habitat and predation by domestic cats and introduced red foxes pushed the least tern to the brink of extinction.• The Scarlet Macaw is in imminent danger of extinction.• Greenpeace believes that whales are in danger of extinction.• If it were as bad as its critics contend, our society would be teetering on the edge of extinction.• Epistandard rates of evolution are required to make up the loss through extinction.• The belugas of the St Lawrence may now number only 400, and this local population is almost certainly doomed to extinction.• Large numbers of rare and beautiful Alpine plants are threatened with extinction.
in danger of extinction• Appendix I of the convention lists species in danger of extinction.
ex·tinc·tion noun →n COLLOCATIONS1
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