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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 6849 COCA: 7712

foul

Word family 
Related topics: Odours, Tastes, Nature
foul1 /faʊl/ ●●○ adjectiveadj → fowl
1  smell/taste 氣味/味道COCT a foul smell or taste is very unpleasant 難聞的，惡臭的；難吃的 SYN disgusting
He woke up with a foul taste in his mouth.
他醒過來，嘴裏一股臭味。
a pile of foul-smelling garbage
一堆臭烘烘的垃圾
He put down his mug of foul-tasting coffee.
他放下手中一大杯難喝的咖啡。
► see thesaurus at horrible
2  in a foul mood/temper British EnglishBrEBAD-TEMPERED in a very bad temper and likely to get angry 情緒不好/脾氣暴躁
The argument with his mother left Putt in a foul mood.
與母親爭吵後，帕特的情緒糟透了。
3  air/water 空氣/水DIRTY very dirty 肮髒的，污濁的
Refugees in the camps are short of food and at risk from foul water.
營中難民缺少食物，還面臨水源污染的危險。
extractor fans to remove foul air from the tunnel
排出隧道污濁空氣的排氣扇
4  foul language SWEARrude and offensive words 粗話，罵人話，髒話
She claimed she had been subjected to abuse and foul language.
她聲稱一直受到虐待和辱罵。
Examples from the Corpus
foul language• The Police are seemingly unable to do anything about it, especially against the use of the foulest language accompanying such vice.• Never use foul language to a customer.
5  weather 天氣 especially British EnglishBrEDN foul weather is stormy and windy, with a lot of rain or snow 〔天氣〕惡劣的
Always carry foul weather gear when you go out walking.
出去散步一定要攜帶雨具。
—foully adverbadv
—foulness noun [uncountableU]
→ by fair means or foul at fair1(11), → fall foul of somebody/something at fall1(15)
Examples from the Corpus
foul• the foul air of the factory• Sanchez hit three foul balls before connecting with a line drive to right field.• foul deeds• The foul haze of pollution has meant an increase in asthma cases.• A foul haze of pollution hung over the city.• Residents have complained of foul odors from the factory.• Supposing aunt sees us, said G.P. Barber's got the foulest reputation in Cornwall.• There was a foul smell coming up from the river.• a pile of foul-smelling garbage
Related topics: Baseball
foul2 verb
1 
a) [transitiveT] if a sports player fouls another player, they do something that is not allowed by the rules 〔運動員〕對…犯規
b) DSB[intransitiveI, transitiveT] to hit a ball outside the limit of the playing area in baseball 〔棒球中〕擊出界外球
2  (also foul up) [transitiveT] formalDIRTY to make something very dirty, especially with waste 弄髒，玷污；污染
rivers and lakes fouled almost beyond recovery by pollutants
被污染物糟蹋得幾乎無法恢複的河流與湖泊
3 foul up phrasal verbphr v informal 
a) to do something wrong or spoil something by making mistakes 〔因犯錯而〕搞亂，破壞 → foul-up
We can’t afford to foul up this time.
這一次我們再也不能搞砸了。
foul something ↔ up
Glen completely fouled up the seating arrangements.
格倫把座位安排完全搞亂了。
b) foul something ↔ up to make something very dirty, especially with waste 〔尤用廢棄物〕把某物弄得很髒
He lit a cigarette and started to foul up the air with stinging yellow smoke.
他點了根煙，刺鼻的黃色煙霧開始讓空氣變得很污濁。
Examples from the Corpus
foul• The oil spill has fouled at least four beaches.• On average, most batters foul at least one ball in each at bat.• He turned and hit a 3-point shot while being fouled by Bailey.• She was singing aloud as she skipped when suddenly and unexpectedly her rope was fouled by something and nearly tripped her up.• Most deaths are caused not by catastrophic accidents but by fouling from oil that is illegally but routinely discharged from ships.• In Game 2, Williams played 26 minutes, fouled out and Robinson had 40 points.• But Brent fouled out with 6: 11 left, depriving the Clippers a penetrator on their potential game-winning possession.• Check that nothing can foul the moving parts.• They fouled their corners and filled the hot room with their smells, and they frightened him with their incessant snarling.• Hardaway was fouled trying to make a three-point shot.• It fouled up the airline for five days until President Clinton stepped in.• Late on there was an incident in on the edge of the Ipswich penalty area, can't remember who fouled who.
Related topics: Sport
foul3 noun [countableC]
1  DSan action in a sport that is against the rules 〔體育比賽中的〕犯規（動作），違例（行動）
Wright was booked for a foul on the goalkeeper.
賴特對守門員犯規，被記名警告。
2. a hit in baseball which goes outside the limits of the playing area 〔棒球中的〕界外球
Examples from the Corpus
foul• He'd committed three fouls by half-time.
Origin foul1
Old English ful
foul1 adjectiveadjfoul2 verbfoul3 noun
Corpus

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