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past

Word family 
Related topics: Grammar
past1 /pɑːst $ pæst/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj
1  previous 以前的 [only before noun]PAST done, used, or experienced before now 以前的，過去的，曾經的
Judging by her past performance, Jane should do very well.
從以往的表現來看，簡應該會幹得很好。
From past experience she knew that it was no use arguing with him.
根據過去的經驗，她知道和他爭論是沒有用的。
Study some past exam papers to get an idea of the questions.
仔細看看以前的一些考卷，了解一下考題。
2  recent 最近的PAST [only before noun] used to refer to a period up until now 剛過去的
the events of the past year
過去一年中發生的事件
During the past two weeks, 12 people have died of the disease.
過去兩周内已有12人死於這種疾病。
She has been feeling tired for the past few days.
這些天來她一直感到疲倦。
3  finished 完成的FINISH/COME TO AN END finished or having come to an end 完成的；結束的
Winter is past and spring has come at last.
冬天過去，春天終於來臨。
writers from past centuries
前幾個世紀的作家
a tradition rooted in times long past
起源於很久以前的傳統
4  former 以往的PAST [only before noun] having held a particular position in the past or achieved a particular honour in the past 前任的；〔榮譽〕以往的
past president/member/winner etc
a past president of the golf club
這家高爾夫俱樂部的前任會長
a celebration for past and present employees of the newspaper
爲該報社的前僱員和現僱員舉辦的慶祝會
Bruce Jenner, a past Olympic champion
布魯斯‧詹納，前奧運會冠軍
5. grammar 語法 [only before noun]SLG relating to the past tense 〔動詞〕過去式的
Examples from the Corpus
past• the enormous changes of the past 30 years• The problems we face now are a result of past decisions.• We knew from past experience that the job would take at least two weeks.• He's learned a lot from his past experience.• The past few months have been very difficult for Mary.• Productivity improvements over the past five years, admittedly from a very low base, have been highly impressive.• The time is past for us to continue ignoring our differences.• Judging by her past performance, I'd say Rowena will do very well.• Groups have put a lot into past projects, and have always seen an excellent result.• the past tense• For the past two weeks, I've been doing my boss's job while she's away on business.• Trafford education authority has received about £13 million in the past two years to help it reorganise and improve its schools.
long past• The statement, sympathetic but faintly condescending, was suited to an era of comity already long past.• When Paige awoke it was still early, not long past dawn, and she was alone in the sleeping-bag.• The result - heavy industry and low value added production kept going long past its time, ineffectually, by subsidy.• It was long past sundown when I finally continued on back to the cabin, trotting up the path in the moonlight.• Early November was long past tourist season, and he did not look like a logger.• This may be evidence of some long past wine chilling exercise.
past president/member/winner etc• By contrast, some past winners have lamented that the prize diverts them from their beloved lab work.• Husband Don is a past president of both the U.S.• He was a member of the Sigma Alpha Epsilon Fraternity and was a past president of the fraternity.• He is past President of the Hairdressers Fellowship and in the 50's was a leading competition hairdresser.• He was also a past president of the National Hellenic Research Foundation.• Her husband, Jack, was a past president of the Parish Council.
past2 ●●● S1 W2 prepositionprep , adverb
1  later than a particular time 晚於；在…之後
It’s ten past nine.
現在是九點十分。
I should be finished by half past (=30 minutes after the hour).
我應該可以在30分鐘之後完成。
It was past midnight when the party ended.
派對結束的時候已經過了午夜。
Come on Annie, it’s long past your bedtime.
快點，安妮，早就過了你的上床時間了。
2  AFTERfurther than a particular place 在…的更遠處
The hospital’s just up this road, about a mile past the school.
醫院就在這條路上，經過學校再往前約一英裏。
There are parking spaces over there, just past (=a little further than) the garage.
那邊有停車位，就在那個車庫過去一點的地方。
3  PASS/GO PASTup to and beyond a person or place, without stopping 經過，越過
She waved as she drove past.
她開車經過的時候揮了揮手。
Will you be going past my house on your way home?
你回家的路上會經過我家嗎？
straight/right past (=used to emphasize that someone passes close to you and does not stop) 徑直經過〔強調經過但沒有停留〕
Monica hurried straight past me and down the steps.
莫妮卡從我身邊匆匆經過，走下了台階。
4  PASS/TIME PASSINGif a period of time goes past, it passes 〔一段時間〕過去
Weeks went past without any news.
幾周過去了，一點消息也沒有。
The hours seemed to fly past.
幾個小時一晃而過。
5  beyond or no longer at a particular point or stage 過了，不再處於〔某一點或某一階段〕
The roses were already past their best.
玫瑰花已經敗了。
Reid never really got past the stage of copying other artists.
裏德從未真正脫離模仿其他藝術家的階段。
a pot of yoghurt well past its sell-by date
一罐早已超過保質期的酸奶
an Italian singer who was then past her prime (=no longer strong and active)
當時已經過氣的意大利女歌手
I’m past caring about my appearance (=I do not care about it anymore).
我已不再關心自己的外表了。
6  I wouldn’t put it past somebody (to do something) spokenTYPICAL used to say that you would not be surprised if someone did something bad or unusual because it is typical of them to do that type of thing 我認爲某人很有可能（做某事）〔指壞事或不尋常的事〕
I wouldn’t put it past Colin to cheat.
科林作弊我可不奇怪。
Examples from the Corpus
I wouldn’t put it past somebody (to do something)• I wouldn't put it past Colin to lie to his wife.
7  past it British EnglishBrE spoken too old to be able to do what you used to do, or too old to be useful 〔人〕比不上年輕時；〔物〕太舊而無用
People seem to think that just because I’m retired, I’m past it.
人們似乎認爲我退休了就不中用了。
Examples from the Corpus
past it• If he's not young, he's past it.• Tooling down Farm Road 442, you could easily zoom right past it.• In the past it always has.• A stream meandered past it and cascaded into the depths of the forested cliffside.• The first option was rejected, as in the past it has isolated the small group from the department.• Neither side is willing to concede that in the past it might have been wrong and its opponents right.• The tribe streamed past it through the gathering dusk, ignoring its presence completely.• In the past it was much used for teapots, milk jugs and other forms of tableware.
8. be past due American EnglishAmE something that is past due has not been paid or done by the time it should have been 〔某物〕到期未付款[未做]
Examples from the Corpus
be past due• Their rent is three months past due.• To truly justify the praise he survives on, Hartley is past due a crack at the mainstream.
Examples from the Corpus
past• It's quarter past four.• It's ten past nine.• My house is four blocks past the main intersection.• You drive past the stadium on your way to work, don't you?• It's half past two.• Come on Annie, it's past your bedtime.
long past• The statement, sympathetic but faintly condescending, was suited to an era of comity already long past.• When Paige awoke it was still early, not long past dawn, and she was alone in the sleeping-bag.• The result - heavy industry and low value added production kept going long past its time, ineffectually, by subsidy.• It was long past sundown when I finally continued on back to the cabin, trotting up the path in the moonlight.• Early November was long past tourist season, and he did not look like a logger.• This may be evidence of some long past wine chilling exercise.
just past• He began to diminish the moment just past.• Might a nostalgia have overtaken him, a yearning for a sweeter time just past?• It was a Monday night, just past dinner, and he was wearing plaid slippers.• Lemmon, located just past Mile Marker 22 on the left-hand side.• In the national betting holiday just past, teen-agers were full players in the spree.• There's a movie theater just past the bank.• Ignore the ladder and go to the door just past the policeman.• The race finishes just past Westminster Bridge.
straight/right past• If he'd driven at 40 miles an hour he would have driven straight past.• Only Hsu Fu had sailed right past.• Kip walks right past him and his audience, still ahead of me by a few paces.• I chugged right past the doorman and into the elevator.• If he had braked at the collision he would have slid straight past the scene.• They amble straight past us, unawares.• It looks to me like this team is looking right past you.
well past• We must be well past Malmesbury by this time, Isabel thought.• They usually return well past midnight, a little disheveled, singing or talking loudly.• The lock would turn over and Kip would come in well past midnight.• We have enough random violence to keep us busy well past the End Days.• That set us apart from the other customers, who looked to have gotten well past the planning stage.• When I awake, it is well past three.• It was dark outside and well past your bedtime.
past3 ●●● S1 W2 noun
1  the past 
a) PASTthe time that existed before the present 過去，以前，昔日
in the past
The lake was smaller in the past.
這湖以前要小些。
Good manners have become a thing of the past (=something that does not exist anymore).
以禮待人似乎已成了過去式。
It’s time she stopped living in the past (=thinking only about the past) and began to think about her future.
她不該再沉湎過去，應開始想想將來。
the recent/immediate/distant past
She allowed her mind to drift towards the recent past.
她讓自己的思緒飄到了不久以前。
I did a law degree some time in the dim and distant past (=a long time ago).
很久以前我攻讀過法律學位。
b) SLGthe past tense 〔動詞的〕過去式
Examples from the Corpus
the past• Our goal was to learn from our past mistakes and to use the lessons on this project.• My grandfather enjoys talking about the past.• It's hard to see events from the very recent past in their proper historical perspective.• I decided to ask Anna, as she had always been very helpful in the past.• The programme describes events which took place in the distant past, towards the end of the last ice-age.• Barker had tried in the past to commit suicide.• In the past, doctors seemed to have more time for their patients than they do today.• We can study the events of the past.• There were several horse-drawn carriages, as a nostalgic reminder of the past.• For many people, a relaxing weekend has become a thing of the past.
2  all in the past spokenFINISH/COME TO AN END used to say that an unpleasant experience has ended and can be forgotten 一切都已過去了
You mustn’t think about it. It’s all in the past now.
你千萬不要再想那件事，現在一切都過去了。
Examples from the Corpus
all in the past• To you that is all in the past, some one else's past, long ago.• That's all in the past.
3  PAST[singular] the past life or existence of someone or something 〔某人或某事〕過去的經歷
At some time in its past the church was rebuilt.
歷史上這座教堂曾重建過。
The woman who ran the bar had a very shady past (=events in her past which might be considered bad).
開這酒吧的女人有非常見不得人的過去。
n COLLOCATIONS
adjectives
the recent past
The optimistic economic climate of the recent past has gone.
the distant/remote past
Rivers of molten lava clearly flowed here in the distant past.
the immediate past (=the very recent past)
In order to understand the present, we must look at the immediate past.
verbs
forget the past
Forget the past and focus on the future.
be living in the past (=think only about the past)
You’ve got to stop living in the past.
phrases
be/become a thing of the past (=not exist anymore, or stop existing)
We hope that smoking will become a thing of the past.
a break with the past (=when something is done in a completely different way to how it was done in the past)
These policies are a break with the past.
in the dim and distant past (=a very long time ago)
I think she sang Ireland's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest sometime in the dim and distant past.
n THESAURUS
in the past at a time before now, especially a long time ago
In the past, most children didn’t go to school at all.
We had a big argument, but it’s all in the past now.
in those days/in the old days a long time ago in your life, or in your parents’ or grandparents’ lives, when things were different
£5 was a lot of money in those days.
In the old days, only very rich people had cars.
at one time used for saying that something was true in the past, but is not now
At one time there were six schools in the village.
I would have agreed with you at one time.
back in the day informal used when you are talking about a time in the past, especially one that you remember as being very good
I loved Blondie back in the day.
Back in the day, everyone would meet at the boys’ club.
Examples from the Corpus
past• She'd like to forget her past and start over.• There were certain facts about his past that could hurt his chances of being elected.• We have encoded and used versions of them from the past we study.• This approach is no more valid today than it has been in the past.• That has always stood me in good stead in the past.• In the past, women with these symptoms rarely sought treatment, and women with severe cases were hospitalized.• But not if policy makers insist on fighting the battles of the past.• Candidates can not revise their own historic record with the same impunity before a population that has power to retrieve the past.
shady past• He is generally unmarried, even though he may have had a shady past which included associating with women.• She may have a shady past, but she knows an incriminating thing or two about everyone, including Georges and Catherine.
Origin past1
(1200-1300) Old past participle of pass

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