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IELTS BNC: 1125 COCA: 828

crime

Word family 
Related topics: Crime, Crime & law
crime /kraɪm/ ●●● S2 W2 noun
1  CRIME IN GENERAL[uncountableU]SCC illegal activities in general 〔泛指〕犯罪活動
We moved here because there was very little crime.
我們搬到這裏來是因爲這裏的犯罪率很低。
Police officers are being given new powers to help combat crime.
警官們被賦予新的權力幫助他們打擊犯罪。
a police crackdown on car crime
警察對汽車犯罪活動的一次嚴厲打擊
a town with a relatively low crime rate
犯罪率相對較低的一個城鎮
n Grammar
Don’t use ‘the crime’ when talking about illegal activities in general. You say:
Crime has increased dramatically.
✗Don’t say: The crime has increased dramatically.
2  A PARTICULAR CRIME[countableC]SCC an illegal action, which can be punished by law 罪，罪行
He insisted that he had not committed any crime.
他堅持說自己沒有犯任何罪行。
men who have been found guilty of violent crimes
被判犯有暴力罪行的男子
crime against
Crimes against the elderly are becoming more common.
針對老年人的犯罪活動越來越普遍。
Police are still busy hunting for clues at the scene of the crime (=where the crime happened).
警方仍忙着在犯罪現場尋找線索。
3. a life of crime when someone spends their life stealing and committing crimes, in order to get money to live 犯罪生涯
Examples from the Corpus
a life of crime• Jock has chosen a life of crime within which to fashion a self.• They hadn't bothered tuppence before when he was following a life of crime.• I certainly never figured Tod/John for a life of crime.• At the age of twelve, he entered into a life of crime.• I paid Fagin to trap Oliver into a life of crime.
4. the perfect crime a crime that no one knows has been committed, so no one can be punished for it 無懈可擊的犯罪
Examples from the Corpus
the perfect crime• There is no such thing as the perfect crime.
5. crime of passion a crime, especially murder, caused by sexual jealousy 情感犯罪；〔尤指〕情殺罪
Examples from the Corpus
crime of passion• And was it really the crime of passion that Wilde eloquently records?
6. crime against humanity a crime of cruelty against large numbers of people, especially in a war 〔尤指在戰爭中的〕危害人類罪
Examples from the Corpus
crime against humanity• That is a crime against humanity.• If the conference succeeds in labelling slave trafficking a crime against humanity, demands for compensation will surely follow.• He is charged with 20 war crimes, including genocide and crimes against humanity.• Shouldn't they at least be discussed within the same context of international law and crimes against humanity?• These are crimes against humanity, as has been said.• All are defined as crimes against humanity and carry a penalty of life imprisonment.• They also slavishly accepted the amnesty that Pinochet and his generals had granted themselves to avoid trial for their crimes against humanity.• All four have been charged with crimes against humanity by the Hague International Tribunal.
7. crime doesn’t pay SCCused to say that crime does not give you any advantage, because you will be caught and punished – used when warning people not to get involved in crime 犯罪沒有好處〔用於警告人們不要犯罪〕
8  [singular] something that someone is blamed or criticized for doing – use this when you think someone is treated very unfairly 錯誤，過錯〔用於認爲某人受到不公平的對待〕 → sin
My only crime is that I fell in love with another girl.
我唯一的過錯就是愛上了另一個女孩。
Johnson’s biggest crime was that he told the truth.
約翰遜最大的過錯就是說了實話。
9  it’s a crime spokenBAD BEHAVIOUR OR ACTIONS said when you think something is very wrong, and someone should not do it 真是罪過
It would be a crime to waste all that good food.
浪費那些美味的食物真是罪過。
→ partners in crime at partner1(5), → white-collar(2)
Examples from the Corpus
it’s a crime• It's a crime to throw away all that food.• It's a crime you never took it up, darling.• You tell me that it's a crime to fall in love.
 COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
verbs
commit (a) crime 犯罪
Most crime is committed by young men.
大多數犯罪活動都是年輕男性所爲。
carry out a crime 實施犯罪
The boy admitted that he’d carried out the crime.
男孩承認他實施了犯罪。
fight/combat/tackle crime 打擊犯罪
There are a number of ways in which the public can help the police to fight crime.
民衆有多種途徑可以協助警方打擊犯罪。
nbeat crime
new measures to beat car crime
turn to crime (=start committing crimes) 開始犯罪
Youngsters who are bored sometimes turn to crime.
青少年感到無聊了有時就會去從事犯罪活動。
solve a crime 破案
It took ten years for the police to solve the crime.
警方花了十年時間破獲此案。
report a crime 報案
I immediately telephoned the police to report the crime.
我立即打電話向警方報案。
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + crime
(a) serious crime 重罪
Kidnapping is a very serious crime.
綁架是非常嚴重的罪行。
(a) violent crime 暴力犯罪
Figures show a 19% rise in violent crime.
數字顯示，暴力犯罪活動上升了19%。
a terrible/horrific crime (also a dreadful crime British EnglishBrE) 可怕的罪行
What made him commit such a terrible crime?
什麽致使他犯下如此可怕的罪行？
petty crime (=crime that is not very serious) 輕微的罪行
Immigrants were blamed for the increase in petty crime.
輕微犯罪的數量上升被歸咎於移民。
juvenile/youth crime (=committed by children and teenagers) 青少年犯罪
nPolice blame gangs for a third of all juvenile crime in the city.
nan alleged crime (=not proved to have happened)
No evidence of the alleged crime was presented.
organized crime (=committed by large organizations of criminals) 有組織犯罪
nthe growing threats of terrorism and organized crime
car crime British EnglishBrE (=stealing cars) 汽車犯罪
nthe battle against car crime
street crime (=crimes such as robbery committed on the streets) 街頭犯罪
nThere will be new measures to tackle street crime.
corporate crime (=involving businesses) 公司犯罪，企業犯罪
nThose responsible for corporate crime often escape punishment.
property crime (=stealing from or damaging property) 財産犯罪
ntheft and other property crime
computer crime (=committed using computers) 計算機犯罪
nIt is usually companies that are the victims of computer crime.
war crimes (=serious crimes committed during a war) 戰爭罪
a sex crime (=in which someone is sexually attacked) 性犯罪
a hate crime (=committed against someone because of their race, religion etc) 仇視性
na capital crime American EnglishAmE (=a crime such as murder, for which the criminal can be killed)
phrases
a victim of crime 犯罪受害人
Victims of crime do not always report the offence.
犯罪受害人並不總是會報案。
a crackdown on crime (=strong action to fight crime) 嚴厲打擊犯罪
The government has promised a crackdown on crime.
政府承諾嚴厲打擊犯罪活動。
the scene of the crime (also the crime scene) (=the place where a crime has happened) 犯罪現場
Detectives were already at the scene of the crime.
偵探們已經在犯罪現場。
be tough on crime (=punish crime severely ) 強硬對待犯罪
Politicians want to appear tough on crime.
政客們想在犯罪問題上顯得態度強硬。
nbe soft on crime (=not punish crime severely enough)
He accused the government of being soft on crime.
crime + NOUN
a crime wave (=a sudden increase in crime in an area) 犯罪高潮，犯罪率激增
Larger cities have been the worst hit by the crime wave.
較大的城市受到這波犯罪高潮的沖擊最大。
na crime spree (=when one person commits a lot of crimes in a short time)
He was arrested after a two-day crime spree.
crime prevention 預防犯罪
The police can give you advice on crime prevention.
警方可就如何預防犯罪給你提供建議。
the crime rate 犯罪率
The crime rate has gone up.
犯罪率有所上升。
crime figures/statistics 犯罪數字
nThe new crime figures are not good.
na crime syndicate American EnglishAmE (=an organization of criminals)
Women found themselves trapped by crime syndicates into prostitution.
a crime writer (=someone who writes stories about crimes, especially murder) 犯罪小說作家
COMMON ERRORSDon’t say ‘do a crime’. Say commit a crime or carry out a crime.
不要說 ‘do a crime’。 而要說 commit a crime 或 carry out a crime。
 THESAURUS
illegal actions 非法行爲
crime noun [countableC, uncountableU] an illegal action or activity, or these actions in general 犯罪，罪行；〔統稱〕犯罪活動
The police need the public’s help to solve crimes.
警方破案需要民衆的協助。
Crime is on the increase.
犯罪活動數量在上升。
It was a horrific crime.
這是可怕的罪行。
offence British EnglishBrE, offense American EnglishAmE noun [countableC] a crime, especially one that has a particular description and name in law 〔尤指法律上有具體描述的〕罪行，違法行爲
It is an offence to drive while using a mobile phone.
一邊開車一邊使用手機是違法的。
a minor offence (=one that is not serious)
輕罪
na serious offence
a parking offence
違法停車
misdemeanor noun [countableC] American EnglishAmE law a crime that is not very serious 輕罪
They pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor and were fined.
他們承認犯有輕罪，被處以罰款。
felony noun [countableC, uncountableU] especially American EnglishAmE law a serious crime 嚴重的罪行
Fewer than 25 percent of the people arrested on felony charges are convicted.
因重罪指控被捕的人中被判有罪的比例少於25﹪。
nHe committed a series of violent felonies.
crimes of stealing 盜竊罪
robbery noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of stealing from a bank, shop etc 〔對銀行、商店等的〕搶劫，盜竊
Over £100,000 was stolen in the robbery.
這起搶劫案中10萬英鎊被劫。
The gang carried out a string of daring robberies.
這個團夥犯下一連串膽大妄爲的搶劫案。
burglary noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of breaking into someone’s home in order to steal things 入室盜竊
There have been several burglaries in our area.
我們地區發生了多起入室盜竊案件。
theft noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of stealing something 偷竊，盜竊
Car theft is a big problem.
汽車盜竊是個大問題。
thefts of credit cards
信用卡盜用
shoplifting noun [uncountableU] the crime of taking things from shops without paying for them 商店行竊
They get money for drugs from shoplifting.
他們在商店行竊以取得毒資。
fraud noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of getting money from people by tricking them 欺詐，詐騙
He’s been charged with tax fraud.
他因騙稅被起訴。
credit card fraud
信用卡詐騙
larceny noun [uncountableU] especially American EnglishAmE law the crime of stealing something 偷竊，盜竊
nHe was found guilty of larceny.
nphishing noun [uncountableU] the activity of tricking people into giving their personal details, bank numbers etc on the Internet, in order to steal money from them
One in four computer users reports that they have been hit by phishing attempts.
violent crimes 暴力犯罪
assault noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of physically attacking someone 人身侵犯
He was arrested for an assault on a policeman.
他因襲擊警察被逮捕。
mugging noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of attacking and robbing someone in a public place 行兇搶劫
Muggings usually happen at night.
行兇搶劫通常發生在夜間。
murder noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of deliberately killing someone 謀殺，兇殺
He is accused of the murder of five women.
他被指控謀殺五名女子。
homicide noun [countableC, uncountableU] especially American EnglishAmE law murder 謀殺,兇殺
Homicide rates are rising fastest amongst teenagers.
殺人犯罪率在15至19歲人群中上升得最快。
rape noun [countableC, uncountableU] the crime of forcing someone to have sex 強奸（罪）
In most cases of rape, the victim knows her attacker.
大多數強奸案的受害人認識罪犯。
crimes against property 侵犯財産罪
arson noun [uncountableU] the crime of deliberately setting fire to a building 縱火（罪）
The school was completely destroyed in an arson attack.
學校在一起縱火事件中完全被燒毀。
vandalism noun [uncountableU] the crime of deliberately damaging things, especially public property 破壞財物（罪）〔尤指破壞公共財物〕
He often got into fights and committed acts of vandalism.
他經常和人打架，破壞財物。
Examples from the Corpus
crime• Crime is a complex social problem with no single cause or solution.• The cops believe they have both participated in an alleged crime and wish to get one or both to give evidence.• He called for making payment delinquency a felony crime in some cases.• The agency also recently hosted a meeting of prefectural police to coordinate investigations into crimes tied to the bad loans.• Compared to most cities, Cedar Rapids has very little crime.• The number of crimes reported in the New York City area has decreased dramatically over the last ten years.• the growing problem of crime in the inner cities• Reynolds became involved in petty crime at a very young age.• Not surprisingly, the police say that 50% of serious crimes are drug-related.• Increasing the number of patrol cars on the street has not had any effect on the level of serious crime.• He was sentenced to 25 years in prison for rape and other sexual crimes against women.• The police would let him use their files because he usually brought back good tips from the crime underworld.• For everyone there is a problem in understanding the nature of the crime when no motive can be identified.• The demonstrators called on the governor to make solving the crime a priority.• Investigators believe that the crime was committed at around 7.30 p.m.• In his past, however, there is an unsolved crime that continues to torment him.• Violent crime increased by 11% last year.
crime against• Crimes against the elderly are becoming more common.
biggest crime• The biggest crime was Oxford's defeat at Tranmere.
From Longman Business Dictionary
crimecrime /kraɪm/ nounLAW
1[countableC] a dishonest or immoral action that can be punished by law
Insider trading is a crime here and in the U.S.
2[uncountableU] illegal activities in general
We moved here ten years ago because there was very little crime.
→ white-collar crime
Origin crime
(1200-1300) Latin crimen “judgment, accusation, crime”
IELTS BNC: 1125 COCA: 828
crime

noun¹

 1illegal act罪行ADJECTIVE | VERB + CRIME | CRIME + VERB | CRIME + NOUN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤appalling, awful, bloody, brutal, despicable, dreadful, grave, great, heinous, horrible, horrific, serious, terrible, unspeakable, vicious駭人聽聞的罪行；血腥的罪行；殘忍的罪行；卑劣的罪行；嚴重的罪行；令人髮指的罪行◇one of the most horrific crimes of recent times近期最恐怖的犯罪活動之一➤big, major重大犯罪行為◇the biggest crime since the Great Train Robbery火車大劫案以來最大的罪案➤lesser, minor, petty輕罪◇He was charged with the lesser crime of possession.他以較輕的非法持有罪被指控。➤real真正的犯罪◇She claimed that the real crime is that burglars and muggers usually get a light sentence.她聲稱，對入室盜竊者和搶劫者一般都判輕刑才是真正的犯罪。➤non-violent, violent非暴力／暴力罪行▸➤perfect掩蓋得天衣無縫的罪行◇He boasted of having carried out the perfect crime.他吹噓說他的這一罪行永遠不會敗露。➤notorious臭名昭著的罪行◇one of the most notorious crimes in history歷史上最臭名昭著的罪行之一➤capital死罪◇After the reforms the only capital crimes were treason and murder.改革後，只有叛國罪和謀殺罪屬於死罪。➤alleged指控的罪行◇She never faced trial for her many alleged crimes.雖然她被指控犯下許多樁罪行，但從未受到審判。➤unsolved未結案的罪行▸➤copycat模仿犯罪◇the danger of copycat crimes in the wake of the shootings繼幾起槍擊事件之後出現模仿犯罪的風險➤motiveless沒有動機的犯罪◇an apparently motiveless crime看似沒有動機的犯罪➤victimless無受害人的犯罪行為◇Insider dealing has been called a victimless crime.內幕交易被稱為無受害者的犯罪行為。➤white-collar白領犯罪➤drug, drug-related, gun毒品／涉毒／槍支犯罪▸➤sex, sexual性犯罪➤hate（因種族或宗教等導致的）仇恨犯罪◇a hate crime against a young gay man針對一名同性戀男青年的仇恨犯罪➤war戰爭罪行▸➤political政治犯罪▸➤terrorist恐怖主義罪行➤federal (NAmE) 聯邦犯罪VERB + CRIME➤carry out, commit, do, perpetrate (formal) 進行犯罪活動；犯罪；實施犯罪▸➤report報案◇Many crimes are never reported to the police.許多犯罪案件從未向警方報案。➤investigate調查罪行➤solve破案◇a man who solves crimes using old-fashioned detective work使用老式偵破方法破案的人➤prosecute (NAmE) 起訴罪行◇a system of justice to prosecute crimes of terrorism對恐怖主義罪行提起公訴的司法制度➤punish懲罰犯罪行為◇Hate crimes are not punished severely enough in my opinion.我認為對仇恨犯罪的懲罰不夠嚴厲。➤witness目睹罪行◇a child who has just witnessed a violent crime剛剛親眼目睹了一起暴力犯罪的孩子➤confess供認犯罪◇He confessed his crime to his sister.他向姐姐坦白了自己的罪行。CRIME + VERB➤involve sth罪行涉及⋯◇crimes involving firearms與槍支有關的犯罪行為➤happen, occur犯罪發生◇The crime occurred in broad daylight.這罪行發生在光天化日之下。➤be punishable by sth罪行可受⋯的懲罰◇crimes punishable by death可判死刑的罪行CRIME + NOUN➤scene犯罪現場➤victim犯罪受害人➤suspect犯罪嫌疑人PREPOSITION➤crime against反⋯的犯罪行為◇crimes against humanity反人類罪PHRASES➤a crime of passion, a crime of violence激情／暴力犯罪➤the scene of the crime犯罪現場◇No weapon was found at the scene of the crime.犯罪現場沒有發現任何武器。➤the punishment fits the crime以罪量刑◇The punishment should fit the crime.量刑應與罪行相當。
crime

noun²

 2illegal activity in general不法行為ADJECTIVE | VERB + CRIME | CRIME + VERB | CRIME + NOUN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤serious嚴重的犯罪▸➤petty輕微的犯罪▸➤non-violent, violent非暴力／暴力犯罪▸➤recorded有記錄的犯罪▸➤unrecorded無記錄的犯罪▸➤growing, mounting, rising日益增多的犯罪活動➤rampant猖獗的犯罪活動◇a time of great poverty and rampant crime極度貧困和犯罪猖獗的時代➤white-collar白領犯罪◇Identity theft is the fastest growing white-collar crime in the country.身分盜竊是這個國家增長最快的白領犯罪。➤corporate公司犯罪▸➤organized有組織的犯罪▸➤juvenile, youth青少年犯罪▸➤international, local國際／本地犯罪▸➤rural, urban鄉村／城市犯罪▸➤car, property, street與汽車有關的／與財產有關的／街頭犯罪➤drug, drug-related, gun, knife毒品／涉毒／涉槍／持刀犯罪◇Gun crime is just part of an increasingly lawless society.涉槍犯罪只是法紀日益缺失的社會的一個方面。➤computer計算機犯罪◇attempts to prevent hacking and computer crime防止黑客非法入侵和計算機犯罪的種種努力VERB + CRIME➤carry out, commit, perpetrate (formal) 進行犯罪活動；犯罪；實施犯罪▸➤combat, fight, tackle打擊犯罪；應對犯罪▸➤beat, crack (informal) 打擊犯罪活動◇Police forces will exchange ideas on cracking crime.警察部門將就打擊犯罪活動交換意見。➤deter, prevent, stop阻止犯罪；防止犯罪▸➤control, cut, reduce控制犯罪；減少犯罪◇How can we reduce knife crime in our cities?怎樣才能減少我們城市中的持刀行兇犯罪？➤detect, investigate偵查／調查犯罪活動◇The public have a crucial role to play in detecting crime.在對犯罪活動的偵查中，公眾起着至關重要的作用。➤solve偵破犯罪活動▸➤punish懲罰犯罪▸➤cause引發犯罪▸➤be driven to, turn to被迫走上犯罪道路；淪為罪犯◇He says that bored youngsters turn to crime.他說年輕人無所事事會走上犯罪道路。CRIME + VERB➤double, increase, rise犯罪活動翻倍／增加／上升CRIME + NOUN➤figures, level, rate, statistics犯罪數字；犯罪數量；犯罪率；犯罪統計▸➤control, prevention罪案控制／預防▸➤problem, wave犯罪問題／高發◇the country's crime problem這個國家的犯罪問題➤spree瘋狂作案▸➤squad重案組◇a senior detective with the serious crime squad重案組裏的一位資深偵探➤investigation罪行調查➤lab (NAmE, informal) 罪證實驗室◇The computers were sent to a crime lab for analysis.計算機被送到罪證實驗室去分析。➤family, group, ring, syndicate犯罪家庭／團夥／組織／集團◇leading members of an organized crime syndicate一個有組織犯罪團夥的主要成員➤boss, lord犯罪團夥頭目◇one of New York's biggest crime lords紐約最大的犯罪團夥頭目之一➤drama, fiction, film, movie, novel, series, show, story, thriller案情劇；犯罪小說；警匪片；犯罪連續劇；刑偵節目；犯罪驚悚片◇the latest TV crime series最新的罪案電視連續劇➤reporter, writer報道犯罪活動的記者；犯罪小說作家◇the newspaper's crime reporter該報的犯罪報道記者◇a new short story by the popular crime writer由廣受歡迎的犯罪題材作家新寫的一部短篇小說PHRASES➤a crackdown on crime對犯罪活動的打擊◇a crackdown on drug-related crime對涉毒犯罪活動的打擊➤crime and disorder犯罪與治安問題➤crime and punishment罪與罰➤fear of crime對犯罪活動的恐懼◇Fear of crime imprisons many elderly people in their homes.對犯罪活動的懼怕使許多老年人閉門不出。➤an increase in crime犯罪活動的增加➤a life of crime犯罪生涯◇Unemployed young people were likely to be tempted into a life of crime.失業青年很容易走上犯罪之路。➤sb's partner in crime某人的犯罪同夥▸➤a victim of crime犯罪受害人◇Victims of crime may be able to obtain compensation.犯罪受害人可能會得到賠償。

See also: Crimes

IELTS BNC: 1125 COCA: 828
crime noun
⇨ crime 1 (the fight against crime) ⇨ crime 2 (commit a crime) ⇨ disgrace 1 (It's a crime to waste so much money.)crime1

noun

 the fight against crime 與犯罪活動的鬥爭commit a crime 犯罪disgrace1It's a crime to waste so much money.crime ♦︎ wrongdoing ♦︎ misconduct ♦︎ delinquency ♦︎ viceThese are all words for activities that involve breaking the law or breaking rules. 這些詞均表示犯罪活動、不法行爲。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆serious crime / wrongdoing / misconduct / delinquency◆sexual crime / misconduct / vice◆male / female crime / delinquency / vice◆juvenile crime / delinquency◆cause / tackle / control / prevent crime / delinquency◆to be driven / turn to crime / vice◆to deny wrongdoing / misconduct■ crime [uncountable] activities that involve breaking the law 犯罪活動；不法行爲◆This month's figures show an increase in violent crime.本月數字顯示暴力犯罪在增加。◆More needs to be done to help the victims of crime.有需要爲犯罪受害者提供更多幫助。◆These youngsters are often involved in petty crime such as shoplifting and casual theft.這些年輕人經常犯下商店行竊和順手牽羊等較輕微的罪行。◆There is a strong link between drugs and organized crime.毒品和有組織犯罪之間有很強的聯系。◆The crime rate is rising.犯罪率正在上升。◆She writes crime novels (= stories about crime).她寫罪案小說。  see also criminal ⇨ illegal adj. ■ wrongdoing ˈrɒŋduːɪŋ; NAmE ˈrɔːŋduːɪŋ [uncountable, countable] (formal) illegal or dishonest behaviour 不法行爲；壞事；欺騙行徑◆The company denies any wrongdoing.該公司否認有任何不法行爲。ⓘ Wrongdoing is often used when people claim to be, or are found to be, innocent of doing sth wrong. * wrongdoing常在人們表明自身清白或經證實沒有做錯事時使用。■ misconduct ˌmɪsˈkɒndʌkt; NAmE ˌmɪsˈkɑːndʌkt [uncountable] (formal) unacceptable behaviour, especially by a professional person （尤指專業人員）失職，處理不當，行爲不端◆The doctor was accused of gross misconduct (= very serious misconduct).那個醫生被控嚴重失職。■ delinquency dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) bad or criminal behaviour, usually by young people （常指青少年的）犯罪，不良行爲，違法行爲◆There has been an increase in juvenile delinquency.青少年犯罪有所增長。◆The boys drift into minor delinquencies while hanging around the streets.那些男孩子在街上閒逛時卷入一些輕微的違法行爲。   see also delinquent ⇨ illegal adj. ■ vice [uncountable] criminal activities that involve sex or drugs （與性或毒品有關的）罪行◆At the door were two plain-clothes detectives from the vice squad.門口是兩個掃黃緝毒隊的便衣偵探。crime2

noun

 the fight against crime 與犯罪活動的鬥爭commit a crime 犯罪disgrace1It's a crime to waste so much money.crime ♦︎ offence ♦︎ sin ♦︎ felony ♦︎ misdemeanour ♦︎ atrocity ♦︎ wrong ♦︎ outrageThese are all words for an illegal, wrong or unacceptable act. 這些詞均表示罪、罪行、不當行爲。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a crime / an offence / a sin / an atrocity / an outrage against sb / sth◆a serious crime / offence / felony / misdemeanour / wrong◆a terrible crime / sin / wrong◆a capital crime / offence / felony◆a minor / petty crime / offence / misdemeanour◆a sexual crime / offence / sin / misdemeanour◆a terrorist crime / offence / atrocity / outrage◆to commit a crime / an offence / a sin / a felony / a misdemeanour / an atrocity / an outrage◆to forgive a crime / an offence / a sin / a misdemeanour / a wrong / an outrage■ crime [countable] an illegal act or activity that can be punished by law 罪；罪行◆The massacre was a crime against humanity.這場大屠殺是一樁反人類的罪行。◆Many crimes are never reported to the police.許多犯罪行爲從未向警方報告。◆No weapon was found at the scene of the crime.犯罪現場沒有發現武器。■ offence (BrE) (NAmE offense) [countable] (rather formal) an illegal act or activity that can be punished by law 罪；罪行◆It is a criminal offence to inflict cruelty on any wild animal.殘忍對待任何野生動物均屬犯刑事罪。◆He was given a warning since it was a first offence (= the first time that he had been found guilty of a crime).因屬初犯，他被給予警告。◆The rebels could face charges of treason, a capital offence (= one for which sb may be punished by death).叛亂者可能會面臨叛國罪的指控，這是死罪。▸ offend

verb

 [intransitive] ◆ (formal) He started offending at the age of 16.他16歲就開始犯法。NOTE 辨析 Crime or offence?In everyday language, crime is used more often than offence to talk about more serious illegal acts, such as murder or rape. Offence is used more frequently to talk about illegal activities such as driving too fast, carrying a gun and using drugs. 在日常用語中，crime較offence更多用於指比較嚴重的違法行爲，如謀殺或強奸；offence更常指超速駕駛、非法持有槍支、吸毒等非法活動 (BrE) ◆a driving / motoring offence違章駕駛 (NAmE) ◆a traffic offense違章駕駛 (BrE) ◆a firearms offence槍支犯罪 (BrE) ◆a drugs offence毒品犯罪 (NAmE) ◆a drug offense毒品犯罪However, in legal contexts, offence is the preferred technical term for all illegal acts and activities. 不過，在法律語境下傾向於用offence這一術語指稱所有非法行爲和活動。 ■ sin [countable] an offence against God or against a religious or moral law 罪，罪惡，罪過（對神的冒犯或對宗教戒律、道德規範的違犯）◆Confess your sins to God and he will forgive you.向上帝懺悔，上帝會寬恕你的。▸ sin

verb

 [intransitive] ◆Forgive me, Lord, for I have sinned.主啊，寬恕我吧，我犯了罪。■ felony ˈfeləni [countable, uncountable] (NAmE or old-fashioned, law 法律) a serious crime such as murder or rape （謀殺或強奸等）重罪，重刑罪◆He was indicted on three felony charges of lying to the grand jury.他向大陪審團說謊，被起訴三項重罪。■ misdemeanour (BrE) (NAmE misdemeanor) ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə(r) [countable] (especially NAmE, law 法律) a crime that is less serious than a felony 輕罪◆He pleaded guilty to the misdemeanor of domestic violence.他承認犯有家庭暴力這種輕罪。ⓘ In formal language, in both British and American English, a misdemeanour can also be any action that is bad or unacceptable, but not very serious. 在英式和美式英語的正式用語中，misdemeanour還可指不當行爲、不檢點的行爲◆He thought about his own youthful misdemeanours.他想起自己年輕時的不良行爲。 ■ atrocity əˈtrɒsəti; NAmE əˈtrɑːsəti [countable, usually plural, uncountable] (rather formal) a terrible, cruel and violent act, especially in a war （尤指戰爭中的）殘暴行爲◆They have accepted responsibility for the atrocities committed during the war.他們已爲戰爭期間所犯的暴行承擔責任。■ wrong [countable] (formal) an act that is not legal, honest or morally acceptable 不義行爲；欺騙行徑；惡行◆It is time to forgive past wrongs if progress is to be made.要想往前走，現在就應該寬恕過去的種種過錯。◆It's the job of the newspapers to expose the wrongs suffered by such people.曝光這些人所遭受的不公義是報界的職責。ⓘ Wrong places emphasis on the victim (= the person who has been badly treated). * wrong重點強調受害者◆to suffer a wrong含冤It is often used when talking about trying to correct sth bad that sb has done. 表示糾正過錯、平反冤屈時常用wrong◆to redress / right / forgive a wrong改正／糾正／原諒過錯 ■ outrage ˈaʊtreɪdʒ [countable] a terrible, cruel and violent act that shocks people or makes them very angry 暴行；駭人聽聞的事◆No one has yet claimed responsibility for this latest bomb outrage.迄今還沒有人宣稱對最近的爆炸惡行負責。NOTE 辨析 Atrocity or outrage? Outrage is most often used to talk about terrorist acts; atrocity refers to both wartime and terrorist acts. * outrage最常指恐怖主義行爲；atrocity既指戰時的，亦指恐怖主義的行爲。
IELTS BNC: 1125 COCA: 828

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