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BNC: 598 COCA: 713

poor

Word family 
Related topics: Illness & disability
poor /pɔː $ pʊr/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj (comparativecomp poorer, superlativesupl poorest) → paw, pour, pore
1  no money 沒有錢POOR
a) having very little money and not many possessions 貧窮的，貧困的 OPP rich
Her family were so poor they couldn’t afford to buy her new clothes.
她家窮得甚至買不起新衣服給她。
an area where poor people lived
窮人居住區
one of the poorest countries in the world
世界上最貧窮的國家之一
a poor part of Chicago (=where a lot of poor people live)
芝加哥的一個貧民區
My grandparents grew up dirt poor (=very poor).
我的祖父母在赤貧的環境裏長大。
desperately/extremely poor
Many of the families are desperately poor.
其中許多家庭極度貧困。
b) the poor [plural]POOR people who are poor 窮人，貧民
It’s the government’s responsibility to help the poor.
接濟窮人是政府的責任。
the rural/urban/working poor
tax relief for the working poor
針對貧困打工族的減稅
2  not good 不好的BAD not as good as it could be or should be 不佳的，差的，次等的，低劣的
The soil in this area is very poor.
這一地區土壤很貧瘠。
poor rates of pay
很低的薪酬
He blames himself for the team’s poor performance.
他因球隊的不佳表現而自責。
of poor quality (=not made well or not made of good materials) 品質差的
The jacket was of very poor quality.
這件夾克質量非常差。
poor hearing/eyesight/memory
Her hearing is poor, so speak fairly loudly.
她的聽力不好，所以你要說得很大聲才行。
make/do a poor job of doing something
The builders did a really poor job of fixing our roof.
那些建築工人爲我們修房頂，活兒幹得很糟糕。
► see thesaurus at bad
3  sympathy 同情 [only before noun] spokenUNLUCKY used to show sympathy for someone because they are so unlucky, unhappy etc 可憐的；不幸的；令人同情的
Poor kid, he’s had a rough day.
可憐的孩子，今天他真倒黴。
You poor thing, you’ve had a hard time of it, haven’t you?
可憐的東西，你過得很苦，是不是？
Poor old Ted was sick for weeks.
可憐的老特德病了幾個星期。
4  not good at STH 不善於某事的BAD AT not good at doing something 不善於…的，對…不熟練的，差的
a poor public speaker
拙於演講的人
poor at
He’s poor at sports.
他不擅長體育運動。
5  health 健康MIILL someone whose health is poor is ill or weak for a long period of time 〔身體〕虛弱的，衰弱的
My parents are both in rather poor health.
我父母的身體都很不好。
6  poor in something NOT HAVElacking something that is needed 缺乏某物的
The country is poor in natural resources.
該國自然資源匮乏。
Examples from the Corpus
poor in something• The country is poor in natural resources.
7  a poor second/third etc LOSE A GAME, COMPETITION, OR WARthe act of finishing a race, competition etc a long way behind the person ahead of you 〔在比賽中〕被遠遠抛在後面的第二名/第三名等
McLean won easily, and Benson was a poor second.
麥克萊恩輕鬆獲勝，本森取得第二名，但成績落後一大截。
come (in) a poor second/third etc British EnglishBrE
The Socialists came a poor second with 26.5% of the vote.
社會黨位居第二，但票數遠遠落後，只得到26.5%的選票。
Examples from the Corpus
come (in) a poor second/third etc• It is true though, that where waters are absolutely saturated with maggots, even bread comes a poor second.• In the real world political initiatives come a poor second to security considerations.• All in all marriage was a pragmatic affair and individual desires came a poor second to the harmony of the group.• The passenger has always come a poor second to the operational integrity of the system.• The Socialists would come a poor second with 26.5%; the Communists could expect no more than 7%.
8  the poor man’s somebody used to say that someone is like a very famous performer, writer etc but is not as good as they are 蹩腳的某人〔表示某人像某著名藝人、作家等，但相形見绌〕
He was the poor man’s Elvis Presley.
他是個蹩腳的埃爾維斯 · 普雷斯利。
9  the poor man’s something used to say that something can be used for the same purpose as something else, and is much cheaper 便宜的代用品
Herring is the poor man’s salmon.
鲱魚算是窮人的三文魚。
Examples from the Corpus
the poor man’s something• No one could have been more sympathetic to the detail of the poor man's need, or more capable of vicarious imagination.
10  poor relation British EnglishBrEFAIL someone or something that is not treated as well as other members of a group or is much less successful than they are 同類中較次者
poor relation of
Theatre musicians tend to be the poor relations of the musical profession.
劇院樂師在音樂界中往往低人一等。
Examples from the Corpus
poor of• In the considered opinion of many experts this poor relation of the industry will probably take 80% of the market by volume.
→ be in bad/poor taste at taste1(4), poorly1
n COLLOCATIONS
adverbs
extremely poor
His parents were extremely poor.
desperately poor (=so poor that it causes great suffering)
Half the population remains desperately poor.
dirt poor American EnglishAmE informal (=extremely poor)
We were dirt poor back then.
adjectives
the rural poor (=poor people who live in the countryside)
Difficult economic conditions have driven millions of the rural poor to cities.
the urban poor (=poor people who live in towns and cities)
The condition of the urban poor could no longer be ignored.
the working poor (=poor people who have jobs, rather than unemployed people)
These tax-cut proposals are targeted at the working poor.
 THESAURUS
poor having very little money and not many possessions – used about people or places 〔人或地方〕貧窮的
Many families were too poor to pay for education.
許多家庭窮得付不起學費。
poor countries
貧困國家
hard up/broke (also skint British EnglishBrE) [not before noun] informal having very little money, especially for a short period of time. Skint is more informal than the other words 〔尤指短期内〕拮據的,手頭緊的〔skint 與其他詞相比更不正式〕
I’m a bit hard up at the moment
現在我手頭有點緊。
We were so broke we couldn’t afford to go out to the cinema.
我們窮得沒錢去看電影。
ndeveloping [only before noun] a developing country is poor and has very little industry
The disease is found mainly in developing countries.
the developing world
deprived [usually before noun] much poorer than other people in a country, and not having the things that are necessary for a comfortable or happy life – used about people and areas 〔人和地區〕貧困的
The charity works with deprived children in the inner city.
這一慈善機構專門幫助貧民區的貧困兒童。
one of the most deprived areas of London
倫敦最窮的地區之一
disadvantaged especially written used about groups of people in society who have much less chance of being successful because they are poor 〔社會群體〕貧困的〔指因貧窮而缺乏成功的機會〕
An increase in the minimum wage would help the most disadvantaged Americans.
提高最低工資能幫助最貧困的美國人。
needy having very little money, and so needing help – used about groups of people 〔群體〕貧窮的,生活艱苦的
More help should be given to needy families.
應該對貧困家庭提供更多的幫助。
We offer scholarships for needy students.
我們向貧困學生提供獎學金。
destitute especially written having no money or possessions and nowhere to live – used when someone is in a very bad situation 貧困的〔尤用於某人陷於困境時〕
Her family was left destitute after her father died.
她父親去世後全家人的生活就陷入了貧困。
ndestitute refugees
impoverished formal impoverished people and places are very poor 窮困的
out-of-work miners and their impoverished families
失業的礦工及其貧困的家庭
The children come from impoverished neighbourhoods.
這些兒童來自貧窮街區。
none of the world’s most impoverished countries
poverty-stricken written extremely poor 極貧窮的
poverty-stricken areas
赤貧地區
They were left poverty-stricken.
他們一貧如洗。
penniless especially literary having no money 身無分文的
She died penniless.
她死時身無分文。
a penniless student
貧困學生
COLLOCATIONS CHECK 常用搭配
deprived area/children/homes/background
disadvantaged groups/children/students/background
needy children/students/families
impoverished families/areas/countries
poverty-stricken areas/countries/people
Examples from the Corpus
poor• Attendance at the meeting was poor.• Her chances of recovery are poor.• Her mother grew up dirt poor among migrant workers in Alabama.• Poor baby. Come here and let me give you a cuddle.• The land around here is poor because of years of intensive farming.• People who live in poor countries have a much lower life expectancy.• She was born in a poor district of Chicago in 1925.• Elaine comes from a poor family.• The poor girl gets blamed for everything that goes wrong.• For the long term, today's crisis is obviously a poor guide.• The soil is very poor in minerals and needs some fertilizer.• These examinations are probably a poor instrument for measuring the quality of medical education because they concentrate on factual retention.• Should children attempt to read in poor light?• a poor math student• These cuts will hit the poorest members of society.• I often think of poor Mrs Carrow now.• a poor neighborhood• I hear poor old Steve broke his ankle.• In fact poor people have more at stake in preserving the resources they depend on.• We budgeted an improvement to 1991's poor results in anticipation of a recovery in the economy which never materialised.• The poor, sick, bereaved, came knocking at the door.• His memory is poor, so you may need to repeat things.• Most herbs grow fairly well in dry, poor soil.• The Scotts are so poor they can barely afford milk and bread.• They were so poor they couldn't afford to buy shoes for their children.• Some Democrats believed they lost the election because many poor women didn't turn out to vote.
make/do a poor job of doing something• The script does a poor job of explaining the complicated sociopolitical machinations that many believe will accompany the end-time.
Poor old• Those who do should go here. Poor old Babelfish wasn't much help.• She always preferred men in the house. Poor old Hilda - lost out there, as in everything else!• But the Globe burnt right down to the ground in an hour. Poor old John Heminges just stood there and cried.• Very low. Poor old Matt.• She hoped that she did not appear to others like a worthy cause. Poor old Meredith, all on her own.• Poor old Phil hasn't been on a date in years.• You can tell by the way she falls upon these offerings. Poor old thing.
poor at• He's poor at reading.
in ... poor health• Rumors were rampant that the octogenarian was senile and in poor health.• The South and some industrial states have higher index numbers, which means residents there are in poorer health.• Vincent had looked up Sien and been dismayed to find her and the children in poor health and deplorable conditions.• His wife was in poor health and would suffer if he was jailed.• Gerstung was not wealthy, Duncan said, nor was she in unusually poor health for a woman her age.• Who could blame a wife, herself elderly and in poor health, for suggesting suicide to her terminally ill husband?• At 72 and in poor health, he suffered a heart attack while police officers were still searching for clues.• The effects are more severe than oxygen depletion and may result in prolonged poor health in your fish.
Origin poor
(1100-1200) Old French povre, from Latin pauper
BNC: 598 COCA: 713
BNC: 598 COCA: 713
poor adj.
⇨ poor 1 (poor people/countries) ⇨ poor 2 (poor quality) ⇨ incompetent (a poor swimmer)poor1

adjective

 poor people/countries 窮人；窮國poor quality 質量差  ➡ See also the entry for bankrupt 另見bankrupt條poor ♦︎ disadvantaged ♦︎ needy ♦︎ impoverished ♦︎ deprived ♦︎ penniless ♦︎ destitute ♦︎ hard upThese words all describe sb/sth that has very little or no money and therefore cannot satisfy their basic needs. 這些詞均表示貧窮的、貧困的。SYNONYM SCALE 詞義標尺 下圖顯示這些詞所表達貧窮的程度
disadvantaged➔poor➔penniless
needydestitute
impoverished
deprived
hard up
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived / destitute / hard-up people / families◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived / destitute children◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / penniless / hard-up students◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived groups◆poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived areas◆poor / disadvantaged / impoverished / deprived regions◆poor / disadvantaged / impoverished countries◆a poor / a disadvantaged / an impoverished / a deprived background◆a poor / an impoverished / a deprived childhood◆very poor / disadvantaged / needy / impoverished / deprived / hard up◆really poor / needy / hard up◆relatively poor / disadvantaged / impoverished / deprived■ poor having very little money; not having enough money for basic needs 貧窮的；貧困的；清貧的◆They were too poor to buy shoes for the kids.他們窮得沒錢給孩子買鞋穿。◆They always treated me like a poor relation.他們一直把我當窮親戚看待。◆We aim to help the poorest families.我們的目的是接濟最貧困的家庭。◆It's among the poorer countries of the world.那是世界上較貧困的國家之一。◆ (NAmE, rather informal) I may be dirt poor, but I have my pride.也許我很窮，但我有自尊。 OPP rich , wealthy , affluent ⇨ rich   see also poverty ⇨ poverty ▸ the poor

noun

 [plural] ◆They provided food and shelter for the poor (= people who are poor).他們爲貧困者提供食物和住所。■ disadvantaged [usually before noun] having less money and fewer opportunities than most people in society 弱勢的；社會地位低的◆socially disadvantaged sections of the community社會中的弱勢群體◆the issues facing farmers in disadvantaged rural areas of Europe生活在歐洲貧困鄉村的農民所面臨的問題▸ the disadvantaged

noun

 [plural] ◆helping the poor and the disadvantaged幫助貧困和弱勢人群■ needy poor 貧窮的；貧困的；清貧的◆It's a charity that provides help and comfort for needy children.這是一家爲貧困孩子提供幫助和撫慰的慈善機構。 OPP wealthy ⇨ rich   see also need ⇨ poverty ▸ the needy

noun

 [plural] ◆They provide shelter and a hot meal to the homeless and the needy.他們爲無家可歸和窮困的人提供住所和熱食。■ impoverished ɪmˈpɒvərɪʃt; NAmE ɪmˈpɑːvərɪʃt (journalism 新聞) poor 貧窮的；貧困的；清貧的◆Thousands of impoverished peasants are desperate to move to the cities.數以千計的貧困農民渴望移居城市。OPP prosperous , affluent ⇨ rich NOTE 辨析 Poor, needy or impoverished? Poor is the most general of these words and can be used to describe yourself, another individual person, people as a group or a country or area. Needy is mostly used to describe people considered as a group; it is not used to talk about yourself or individual people. * poor在這些詞中含義最廣，可以描述自己、個人、群體、國家或地區。needy多用於描述群體，不用於描述自己或個人◆poor / needy children / families貧困孩子／家庭◆They were too needy to buy shoes for the kids. Impoverished is used, especially in journalism, to talk about poor countries and the people who live there. (To talk about poor areas in rich countries, use deprived.) * impoverished尤用於新聞報道，形容貧困國家及那裏的居民。（表示富裕國家中的貧困地區，用deprived。） ■ deprived [usually before noun] without enough food, education, and all the things that are necessary for people to live a happy and comfortable life 貧窮的；貧困的；窮苦的◆It's a very deprived area, with no amenities.那是個非常貧困的地區，沒有基本的生活設施。◆We try to identify and provide support for emotionally deprived children.我們努力去尋找得不到關愛的兒童，並爲他們提供援助。OPP privileged ⇨ rich   see also deprivation ⇨ poverty NOTE 辨析 Disadvantaged or deprived?With disadvantaged the main emphasis is on the lack of opportunities to earn money, get an education and make a better life. With deprived the emphasis is more directly on the lack of adequate food, housing and other material comforts. People who are emotionally deprived do not get enough love or emotional comfort. * disadvantaged一詞強調缺少賺錢、受教育和創造美好生活的機會。deprived一詞更直接地強調沒有充足的食物、住房和物質生活的安逸。emotionally deprived指得不到足夠的關愛。■ penniless (literary) having no money; very poor 一文不名的；窮困的◆She arrived in 1978 as a virtually penniless refugee.1978年她剛來時可以說是個身無分文的難民。◆He died penniless in Paris.他死於巴黎，死時身無分文。■ destitute ˈdestɪtjuːt; NAmE ˈdestɪtuːt [not usually before noun] (rather formal) without money, food and the other things necessary for life 貧困的；貧窮的；赤貧的◆When he died, his family was left completely destitute.他死後家裏一貧如洗。   see also destitution ⇨ poverty ▸ the destitute

noun

 [plural] ◆homes and refuges for the destitute窮人收容所■ ˌhard ˈup (informal) having very little money, especially for a short period of time （尤指暫時）拮據的，缺錢的◆After he lost his job he was so hard up he couldn't afford the price of a beer.失業後，他手頭拮據，連一杯啤酒都買不起。◆A couple of hard-up students came looking for part-time jobs.來了兩個拮據的學生，想找份兼職工作。OPP well off ⇨ rich poor2

adjective

 poor people/countries 窮人；窮國poor quality 質量差poor ♦︎ bad ♦︎ cheap ♦︎ low ♦︎ dismal ♦︎ (taboo) crap ♦︎ inferior ♦︎ (taboo) shit ♦︎ hopeless ♦︎ second-rateThese words all describe sth that is of a low standard or quality. 這些詞均表示質量差的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a poor / a bad / a cheap / an inferior / a second-rate copy / imitation◆poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate quality◆poor / bad / low visibility◆a poor / bad / low opinion of sb / sth◆a poor / a bad / a dismal / a crap / an inferior / a shit performance◆a poor / bad / dismal result / record◆a poor / a bad / a crap / an inferior / a shit design◆poor / bad / inferior / second-rate service◆poor / bad / inferior workmanship◆a poor / a low / a dismal / an inferior standard◆a bad / a cheap / a crap / an inferior / a shit / a second-rate product◆very poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate■ poor below the standard or quality that is acceptable or expected 質次的；差的；次的◆We discussed the party's poor performance in the election.我們討論了該黨在選舉中欠佳的表現。◆She's been in poor health for some time now.她健康不佳已有些時日。◆On the whole he had a poor opinion of human nature.總的來說，他認爲人性本惡。◆It was raining heavily and visibility was poor.大雨傾盆，能見度低。OPP fine ⇨ good 1 ▸ poorly

adverb

◆The job is relatively poorly paid.相對來說，這工作報酬很低。◆Our candidate fared poorly in the election (= did not get many votes).我們的候選人在選舉中得票不多。■ bad (rather informal) of a poor quality or standard 質量差的；水平低的◆I thought it was a very bad article.我認爲那是一篇低劣的文章。◆That's not a bad idea.那主意不錯。◆This isn't as bad as I thought.這沒我原來想的那麽差。OPP good ⇨ good 1 ▸ badly

adverb

◆She sang two songs, very badly.她唱了兩首歌，唱得糟透了。◆The whole thing was badly organized.整件事的組織工作搞得一團糟。NOTE 辨析 Poor or bad? Poor is more frequent in written English in this meaning, but bad is used more in informal spoken English. Some words do not collocate with both poor and bad. * poor表達此義時較常用於書面語，bad多用於非正式的口語。有些詞只能與poor或bad其中之一搭配◆They have a poor standard of living.他們的生活水平很低。◆a bad standard of living ◆I don't think it's a bad school.我認爲這所學校不錯。◆I don't think it's a poor school. ■ cheap low in price and quality 價廉質劣的◆The room was filled with the smell of cheap perfume.房間裏彌漫着廉價香水的味道。◆The market has been flooded with cheap imports.市場裏充斥着廉價進口貨。  see also cheap ⇨ cheap ▸ cheaply

adverb

◆The leaflet had been cheaply produced and photocopied.傳單制作粗糙，影印質量差。■ low below the usual or expected standard or quality 低於通常（或預期）標準的；質量差的◆Much of the work was of a very low standard.大部分工作做得很差。◆These measures will lead to a lower quality of life for many older people.這些措施將導致許多老年人生活品質下降。 OPP high ⇨ high 1 ■ dismal ˈdɪzməl (informal) not skilful or successful; of a very low standard 不熟練的；差勁的；不怎麽樣的◆The singer gave a dismal performance of some old songs.那歌手唱了幾首老歌，唱得不怎麽樣。◆Their recent attempt to increase sales has been a dismal failure.他們最近努力想提高銷售量，全都白費勁。ⓘ Dismal most often collocates with failure, performance, result, record and weather. * dismal最常與failure、performance、result、record和weather搭配。▸ dismally

adverb

◆I tried not to laugh but failed dismally (= was completely unsuccessful).我盡量忍着不笑，但根本忍不住。■ crap (BrE) (NAmE crappy) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣質的；糟糕的ⓘ Crap should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. * crap僅限於在非正式場合與年齡、地位相仿的人交談時使用。如果在與年長者或自認爲地位更高的人說話時使用該詞，可能會造成很大的冒犯◆I used to be in this really crap band.我曾在這個極差勁的樂隊待過。◆a crappy movie / apartment差勁的電影／公寓   see also crap ⇨ rubbish noun ▸ crap

adverb

◆ (BrE) The team played crap yesterday.這個隊昨天的表現糟透了。■ inferior ɪnˈfɪəriə(r); NAmE ɪnˈfɪriər (rather formal) not as good as sth else of the same kind 較差的；次的；比不上⋯的◆The cracks in the structure were due to the poor-quality materials and inferior workmanship.建築物産生裂縫的原因是原料質量差、工藝水平低。◆Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.人們常認爲現代音樂不如過去的音樂。 OPP superior ⇨ better , superior ⇨ good 1 ■ shit (BrE) (NAmE shitty) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣質的；糟糕的ⓘ Shit should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. It is an even stronger and more offensive term than crap. * shit僅限於在非正式場合與年齡、地位相仿的人交談時使用。如果在與年長者或自認爲地位更高的人說話時使用該詞，會造成很大的冒犯。shit甚至比crap語義更強、更無禮◆I was a shit player.我球打得很臭。◆They're a shitty team.他們隊臭極了。■ hopeless (BrE, informal) of a very low quality or standard of service （服務）糟透了的，極差的◆The buses are absolutely hopeless these days.如今的公交車簡直糟糕透了。■ ˌsecond-ˈrate not as good as sth else of the same kind 二流的；平庸的；普通的◆Why do we only produce second-rate films?爲什麽我們只拍出二流的電影？ OPP first-rate ⇨ excellent
BNC: 598 COCA: 713
poor
Poor: poor, impoverished, penniless...
People who are poor: the poor, beggar, pauper...
Bad or of a low quality: sad, poor, terribly...
Not very good: poor, average, limited...
Not skilful or able: incompetent, incapable, awful...
Not enough: inadequate, insufficient, scant...
Ways of expressing sympathy: bad/hard/tough luck, (oh,) what a shame, too bad...

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