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BNC: 183 COCA: 170

turn

Word family 
turn1 /tɜːn $ tɜːrn/ ●●● S1 W1 verb → tern
1  your body 人的身體 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] to move your body so that you are looking in a different direction 轉身；轉過〔身體〕 → twist
Ricky turned and walked away.
裏基轉身走了。
She turned her head in surprise.
她驚訝地轉過頭來。
turn around/round/away
Dan turned away, hiding the fear in his eyes.
丹扭過頭去，掩飾着眼中的恐懼。
turn (your head/face) to do something
He turned around to look at Kim.
他轉過身看着金。
‘No, ’ she said, turning her head to see David’s reaction.
“不。”她說着，轉過頭來看看戴維的反應。
Brigitte glared at him, turned on her heel (=turned away suddenly because of anger), and stomped out of the room.
布麗吉特瞪了他一眼，猛地一轉身，噔噔噔地走出了房間。
2  object 物體 [transitiveT usually + adverbadv/prepositionprep] to move something so that it is pointing or aiming in a different direction 轉動 對準
turn something around/over/upside down etc
You may turn over your exam papers now.
現在你們可以把考卷翻過來。
turn something on something/somebody
The firemen turned their hoses on the blaze.
消防隊員把水龍帶對準熊熊烈火。
turn something to face something/somebody
Could you turn your chairs to face this way?
你們把椅子轉過來朝着這邊好嗎？
turn a/the page (=move a page in a book over so that you can read the next page) 翻頁
turn something down/up
He turned down the corner of the sheet to peep at the baby.
他折起被角以便看一眼嬰兒。
3  direction 方向
a) [intransitiveI, transitiveT] to go in a new direction when you are walking, driving etc, or to make the vehicle you are using do this 轉彎；（使）改變方向
I watched until he turned the corner.
我看着他，直到他轉過街角。
turn left/right
Turn left at the church.
到了教堂向左拐。
turn into/onto/down etc
She cycled up the street and turned into Long Road.
她沿街向前騎去，拐進了朗路。
Turning the car around, we headed home.
我們把車掉了個頭，朝家的方向開去。
b) [intransitiveI] if a road, river etc turns, it curves and starts to go in a new direction 〔道路、河流等〕轉向，轉彎
Further on, the river turns east.
再往前，這條河就折向東流。
The road turns sharply at the top of the hill.
到了山頂道路急轉。
4  move around central point 旋轉 [intransitiveI, transitiveT]TURN to move around a central or fixed point, or to make something move in this way （使）旋轉，（使）轉圈
The wheels turned slowly, then picked up speed.
輪子慢慢轉動，然後開始加速。
For some reason, the key wouldn’t turn.
不知爲什麽，鑰匙轉不動。
turn the handle/knob/key/tap etc
She gently turned the handle of the bedroom door.
她輕輕轉動卧室門上的把手。
5  change 改變 [linking verb, transitiveT] to start to have a different quality, or to make something do this （使）變成，（使）變爲
turn (something) red/blue/white etc
Rose’s hair was already turning grey.
羅絲的頭發已經開始花白了。
In October the leaves turn orange and yellow.
到了10月份，樹葉有的變成了橘紅色，有的變成了黃色。
The sun had turned the sky a glowing pink.
太陽把天空染得一片绯紅。
the weather turns cold/nasty etc (also it turns cold/nasty etc)
Then it turned cold and started to rain.
然後天氣變冷，開始下雨。
turn nasty/mean/violent etc (=suddenly become angry, violent etc) 變得惡毒/小氣/兇暴等
The police are worried that the situation could turn violent.
警方擔心這一局勢可能會演變成暴力。
► see thesaurus at become
6  attention/thoughts 注意/想法 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] to start to think about, deal with, look at etc a particular person, thing, or subject, instead of what you were thinking about etc before 轉移〔思考、處理、觀察等的對象〕
turn your attention/thoughts/efforts etc to something/somebody
Many investors have turned their attention to opportunities abroad.
很多投資者把注意力轉向了國外的機會。
Phil turned his gaze towards the older man.
菲爾把目光轉向那個較年長的男子。
turn to/towards etc something
As usual, the conversation turned back to her children.
同往常一樣，談話的内容又回到她的孩子身上了。
Now is the time of year when thoughts turn in the direction of summer holidays.
現在又到大家考慮夏季度假的時候了。
Next the Senator turned to education.
接着參議員談起了教育。
7  turn your back (on somebody/something) 
a) HELPto refuse to help, support, or be involved with someone or something 對（某人/某事）置之不理，對（某人/某事）撒手不管
How can you turn your back on your own mother?
你怎麽可以對自己的母親不聞不問呢？
In his twenties he turned his back on his Catholic faith.
他二十幾歲時背棄了天主教的信仰。
b) TURNto turn so that your back is pointing towards someone or something, and you are not looking at them 轉身背對〔某人或某物〕
Angrily, she turned her back on him.
她生氣地轉過身背對着他。
Examples from the Corpus
turn your back (on somebody/something)• He turned his back abruptly and walked away.• I handed him back that hundred dollars and turned my back and took him in.• Weaken, turn your back for a moment and it could be lost for good.• He would never turn his back on a fellow veteran.• He acknowledged his paternity when he could have easily turned his back on him and told him he was a servant.• So in the end I turned my back on it and walked away.• Kissinger said it was disgraceful that the United States had turned its back on one of her oldest and closest friends.• He turned his back on Shauna and walked to the window.• Many immigrants turn their back on the old ways.• Wiltshire's Social Services department has promised not to turn its back on the problem of alcoholics.
8  age/time 年齡/時間 [transitiveT] to become a particular age, or to reach a particular time 到〔某年齡或某個時間〕
somebody turns 15/20/40 etc
My son’s just turned 18.
我的兒子剛滿18歲。
it’s turned 2 o'clock/5/midday etc
It’s just turned three.
現在剛到3點。
9  turn something inside out 
a) OPPOSITE/REVERSEto pull a piece of clothing, bag etc so that the inside is facing out 把〔衣服、包等〕裏朝外翻
Turn the sweater inside out before you wash it.
把毛衣翻過面來洗。
b) (also turn something upside down)LOOK FOR to search everywhere for something, in a way that makes a place very untidy 到處尋找某物，把某物翻個底朝天
Thieves had turned the house upside down.
小偷把房子翻了個底朝天。
c) (also turn something upside down/turn something on its head) to completely change the way that something is done, organized, thought about etc 徹底改變
New approaches to marketing turn old practices upside down.
新的營銷方式徹底改變了以前的做法。
Her opinion of him had been turned on its head.
她對他的看法徹底改變了。
Examples from the Corpus
turn something inside out• This brief scene, so unexpected and devastating, turns Blue inside out.• I've turned the house upside down looking for that book!• Lukens' theories have turned the financial world upside down.• Declaring the shirt offensive, she ordered Jeffrey to take it off or turn it inside out.• Hayward Wiggins launched a kids' summer enrichment program nine years ago, he turned the rules inside out.• I turned my collar inside out.• In effect, it turns the nozzle inside out.• Objectivism thus turns existentialism inside out.• The ship leaped and juddered as if trying to turn to inside out.• Turn the pants inside out before you wash them.
10  have turned the corner SUCCEED IN DOING somethingto start to improve after going through a difficult period or experience 已經渡過了難關
The manager of the hotel chain claims that they have turned the corner.
那家連鎖酒店的經理聲稱他們已渡過了難關。
Examples from the Corpus
have turned the corner• Even Sandie looks as if she might have turned the corner.• I hope we have turned the corner.• The economy may well have turned the corner by the next election.• A superior actor might have turned the corner on this film.
11  make/let go out 使出來 [transitiveT] to make or let someone or something go out from where they are 使…出來
turn somebody/something out/outside/into etc (something)
Turn the dough out onto a lightly floured board.
把面團拿出來，放在撒過薄薄一層面粉的板上。
There are some criminals who cannot be turned loose onto the streets.
有些罪犯是不能放任街頭不管的。
12. tide 潮汐 [intransitiveI] if the tide turns, the sea starts to come in or go out again 〔潮汐〕開始漲[落]
13  change development 扭轉局勢 [intransitiveI, transitiveT] if something such as a war, situation, game of sport etc turns, or someone turns it, something happens to change the way it is developing （使）扭轉局勢
Mills turned the game by scoring twice.
米爾斯兩度進球，扭轉了比賽的局勢。
The victory turned the tide of the war in North Africa.
這場勝利扭轉了北非的戰局。
14. turn traitor BETRAYto be disloyal to a person, group, or idea that you have strongly supported before 背叛；叛變
Examples from the Corpus
turn traitor• He did not appear to be the type which could be persuaded to turn traitor.• Of millions of men and women, only a handful had turned traitor.• The player must then decide whether to turn traitor and eliminate the partner, he added.• Perhaps, by her action, to convince him that she had not turned traitor to the King.
15  turn your ankle MIHURT/CAUSE PAINto twist your ankle in a way that injures it 扭傷踝關節 SYN sprain
Wright turned his ankle in the first minutes of the game.
賴特在比賽開始幾分鐘裏就扭傷了腳踝。
Examples from the Corpus
turn your ankle• Disembarking from the steamer, she'd turned her ankle.
16. an actor turned politician/a housewife turned author etc someone who has done one job and then does something completely different 演員出身的政治家/家庭主婦變身的作家等 → poacher turned gamekeeper at poacher
17  turn somebody’s head ATTRACTto be attractive in a romantic or sexual way 吸引[迷住]某人
She turned heads whenever she walked into a room.
只要她走進一個房間，就能吸引很多目光。
Examples from the Corpus
turn somebody’s head• So it seems some young woman has finally turned Steve's head.
18  turn (people’s) heads SURPRISEDif something turns people’s heads, they are surprised by it 讓（人）吃驚
It did turn some heads when he moved back to the village.
他搬回到村裏居住，確實讓有些人很吃驚。
Examples from the Corpus
turn (people’s) heads• My average customer wants to be seen, wants to turn heads.• None of the Lavenders had ever turned heads.• She would have turned heads anywhere in a navy blue backless dress which rose just above her knee.• Wilkins has turned some heads by claiming to be the best football player ever.• The blast must have hit solidly all at once and had given them the briefest chance to turn heads only.• Her tiny waist and substantial bosom turned heads right across the bar.• A kiss-and-tell look behind the scenes of a sport always turns heads with book publishers.
19. turn a profit American EnglishAmE to make a profit 赢利
Examples from the Corpus
turn a profit• Blue chip refers to firms with long track records for turning profits and paying dividends.• Very few firms can turn a profit by selling just once and then scurrying out of town.• It plans to turn a profit by the end of 2002.• Of the participating builders in the survey, 66 percent said they turned a profit in 1993.• Q: Will Wired turn a profit next year?• And the 1984 Olympics turned a profit of $ 225 million.• But private operators can turn profits only if prices rise radically and rapidly.• As a result, they turn a profit quicker, Johannesen said.
20  turn a phrase to say something in a particular way 措辭
Cohen knows how to turn a phrase in his lyrics.
科恩作詞時知道如何措辭。
Examples from the Corpus
turn a phrase• To turn a phrase in the midst of my instability.
21  land 土地 [transitiveT] to break up soil so that it is ready for growing crops 翻〔土〕
a distant tractor turning the soil
遠處正在翻土的拖拉機
22. wood/metal 木材/金屬 [transitiveT] to shape a wooden or metal object using a special tool 車削
23. milk 牛奶 [intransitiveI] British EnglishBrE if milk turns, it becomes sour 〔牛奶〕變酸
→ turn a blind eye (to something) at blind1(3), → turn the other cheek at cheek1(4), → turn full circle at circle1(6), → somebody would turn in their grave at grave1(3), → not turn a hair at hair(11), → turn your hand to (doing) something at hand1(26), → turn over a new leaf at leaf1(3), → turn your nose up (at something) at nose1(5), → turn your stomach at stomach1(4), → turn the tables (on somebody) at table1(6), → turn tail at tail1(9)
n THESAURUS – Meaning 4: to move around a central or fixed point, or to make something move in this way
turn to move around a central or fixed point
The wheels of the train began to turn.
go around (also go round British EnglishBrE) to turn around a central point. Go around is a little more informal than turn and is very common in everyday English
When the fan goes around, the warm air is pushed back downwards.
revolve/rotate to turn around and around a central point. Rotate and revolve are more formal than turn and sound more technical
The Earth rotates on its axis once every twenty-four hours.
The stage revolves at various points during the performance.
spin to turn around many times very quickly
The ice skater began to spin faster and faster.
whirl /wɜːl $ wɜːrl/ to spin around extremely quickly, often in a powerful or uncontrolled way
The blades of the helicopter whirled overhead.
twirl (around) to spin around quickly, especially as part of a dance or performance
The couples were twirling around on the dance floor.
swirl (around) to move around quickly in a circular movement, especially when the movement goes outwards or upwards from the center
Her white skirt swirled around her legs as she danced.
The leaves began to swirl around.
spiral to move in a continuous curve that gets nearer to or further from its central point as it goes around
The smoke spiralled toward the ceiling.
 PHRASAL VERBS
Examples from the Corpus
turn• "What time is it?" "It just turned 3:00."• I turned a corner and nearly ran into Caroline.• She turned and looked Seth straight in the eyes.• I heard the door knob turning, and then Frank opened the door and tiptoed in.• An event that made heads turn and tongues wag.• Campbell turned and walked out of the room.• He saw a police car up ahead, so he turned and went down a side street.• It's getting late - I think we should turn back before it gets dark.• North Beach and Union Square merchants wait for customers who turn back, frustrated by street closures and a lack of parking.• Heat the peas briefly till they turn bright green.• Just when we were all getting our summer clothes out, it turned cold again.• It was late autumn and the leaves were slowly turning golden.• Peter Allis has turned golf into a kind of harmless interview where public figures hit a few shots and chat about themselves.• As the propeller stopped turning, Grady ran up to the plane.• Charles turned his gaze upward to admire the ceiling.• She put the key in the ignition and turned it, but nothing happened.• I got a perm that turned my hair green.• It turned out about the good-looking fellow from Essex County that he was a football coach who also did some counseling.• I felt myself turn red with embarrassment.• Continue to turn the fritter until both sides are golden brown.• No wonder he has turned the Newtslaying mission over to his deputy, David Bonior.• I'll read the story and you turn the pages. OK, honey?• If we turn the table around we can fit more chairs in the room.• "What do you think we should do?" she said, turning to her husband.• Philomela accordingly turned to her loom.• She heard the door opening and turned to see who was coming in.• Landladies had mysteriously found tenants in the few minutes between a telephone inquiry and one's turning up on the doorstep.
turn around/round/away• He turned round and walked towards the stage.• Mike turned around and waved, too, and motioned for me to come out.• I turned away from the brook and felt strangely restless.• As Zen turned away he glanced at the calendar hanging beside the phone, and suddenly realized what day it was.• The driver led the way, turning around periodically to check that the others were with him.• As the backswing progresses, the shoulders turn around the spine angle which is pre-set at the address position.• In recent years public schools have turned away thousands of students.
turn something around/over/upside down etc• The girl was turning everything upside down.• The history of implants has been equally painful; implants can shift or turn themselves upside down.• Yet with an appealing brew of nationalism and promise of democratic reform, Kostunica has since turned Yugoslav politics upside down.• I turn the box upside down and bring it out empty.• We could turn the glass upside down and sideways without having the water pour out because air pressure pushes in all directions.• They studied the map for a while, scratched their heads, turned it upside down and studied it some more.• A distorted religion has turned the world upside down, denying that anything ever existed before itself.
turned the corner• He faced Main Street, where a black hearse turned the corner.• I hope we have turned the corner.• Simon and Tony watched her until she turned the corner.• As he turned the corner, a girl was heading toward him, a tall girl with a lot of blond hair.• He turned the corner and saw the damage the heavy rain had done.• Once he had turned the corner, he took the coat off and slipped it over his arm.• As she turned the corner, her lips curved.• A superior actor might have turned the corner on this film.
turn the handle/knob/key/tap etc• Marge led Janey to the car and turned the key.• I hop into my truck, turn the key and wait as absolutely nothing happens.• He enters the room key into the cylinder and turns the key, but the door will not open.• He turned the key in the lock, and went in the side door of the old parish hall.• Two minutes and one window later, I was turning the key in the Wheel Room door.• She added some chicory to the coffee beans and turned the handle quickly.• This sluggishness is in turn the key to the mounting unemployment of those years.• He was turning the key when Sam and more of the devil's horde came running.
turn (something) red/blue/white etc• The liquid had turned bright red.• And that is why the virginia creeper plant turns a lovely red colour in the autumn.• These good ole boys could turn the blues into a rainbow.• Death thoughts turn your hair white, make you weak and break you, sucking out your life.• Her face had turned the muddy red of my water jar.• Black, spider-like chips have turned the white porcelain sink into mock Dalmation.• At first the water evaporated as soon as it left the faucet, turning into red steam when it hit your body.• In the spring, the rolling hills around Yakima Valley turn snow white with cherry and apple blossoms.
turn your attention/thoughts/efforts etc to something/somebody• After sloughing off Payless, May could turn its attention to acquisitions, possibly of other department stores, analysts said.• When Zeus had punished men by giving them women he turned his attention to the arch-sinner himself.• Once the school began functioning smoothly, Friedman turned his attention to the blacker side of the organization: interception and solution.• The software giant only recently turned its attention to the Internet.• Perhaps local authorities should thankfully accept this solution and turn their attention to the needs of non-dementing elderly residents and community services.• She turned her attention to the room, which had obviously been three smaller rooms at one time.• Then he turned his attention to the small tape-recorder, which had faithfully copied the brief transmission.• We must now turn our attention to the spiritual dynamics which operate in relation to the communication of the gospel.
turned loose• The other two were turned loose.• It looked as if a bull had been turned loose, and a sense of impending doom gripped her.• In 1882 pigs were turned loose on the streets of New York City to eat garbage.• He was denied his life because a killer was turned loose rather than executed.
turned the tide• What turned the tide for Dole?
Related topics: Roads
turn2 ●●● S1 W1 noun
1  chance to do STH 做某事的機會 [countableC]CHANCE/OPPORTUNITYSHARE the time when it is your chance, duty, or right to do something that each person in a group is doing one after the other 輪到的機會 SYN British English go
turn to do something
Whose turn is it to set the table?
輪到誰擺放餐具了？
It’s your turn. Roll the dice.
輪到你了，擲骰子吧。
I think it’s our turn to drive the kids to school this week.
我想這周該輪到我們開車送孩子們上學了。
 Register
In everyday English, people often say that it is someone’s go in a game rather than turn: 在日常英語中，遊戲輪到某人時人們常說it is someone’s go，而不用 turn
Whose go is it now?
現在輪到誰了？
Wait until it’s your go.
等輪到你再開始。
2  take turns  (also take it in turns) British EnglishBrESHARE if two or more people take turns doing work, using something etc, they do it one after the other, for example in order to share the work or play fairly 輪流，依次
You’ll have to take turns on the swing.
你們得輪流蕩秋千。
take turns doing something
The students were taking turns reading aloud.
學生正在輪流朗讀。
take turns in doing something British EnglishBrE
We took turns in pushing the bike along.
我們輪流推自行車。
take turns to do something
Dan and I usually take turns to cook.
我和丹通常輪流做飯。
Examples from the Corpus
take turns• Dozens of men and boys take turns trading shots with him.• Mandy and Debbie took it in turns to look after the baby.• We arranged that we should take turns to cook for whomsoever was on the same watch.• Danskin and Smitty took turns behind the wheel and they became more tense as the day passed.• They take turns coming back on weekends to run it.• You'll have to take turns on the swing.• Small children find it almost impossible to take turns.• I asked them to take turns talking about the pictures.• We take turns doing the dishes.• So, instead, they used a large puppet and two actors who take turns dressing as the chimpanzee.• And in every block the women took turns to watch the street.
3  in turn 
a) RESULTas a result of something 相應地
Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose.
利率下調，股價就相應地上漲了。
b) ORDER/SEQUENCEone after the other, especially in a particular order 輪流地，依次地
Each of us in turn had to describe how alcohol had affected our lives.
我們每個人都得挨個說一說喝酒如何影響了我們的生活。
Examples from the Corpus
in turn• I was hard on my eldest son, and he, in turn, was mean to his little brother.• We distribute the book to charities, and those organization in turn give the books to needy children.• The President spoke to each of us at the table in turn.• Working outside can mean too much sun exposure, which in turn can lead to skin cancer.
4  road 道路 [countableC]TTR
a) American EnglishAmE a place where one road goes in a different direction from the one you are on 〔道路的〕轉彎處，岔路口 SYN British English turning
According to the map we missed our turn back there.
從地圖上來看，我們已經開過了前面那個應該轉彎的地方。
take the first/a wrong etc turn (=go along the first etc road) 在第一個交叉處轉彎/拐錯彎等
I think we took a wrong turn coming out of town.
我覺得我們出城時拐錯彎了。
Take the second turn on the left.
在第二個交叉處左拐。
b) a curve in a road, path etc 〔路的〕彎道
There’s a sharp turn coming up ahead.
前方有一個急轉彎。
5  change direction 改變方向 [countableC]TURN a change in the direction you are moving 拐彎，改變方向
make a left/right turn
Make a left turn at the station.
到了車站向左拐。
6  change in events 事態的變化 [countableC] a sudden or unexpected change that makes a situation develop in a different way 〔突如其來或意外的〕變化，轉變
take a dramatic/fresh/different etc turn
From then on, our fortunes took a downward turn.
從那以後，我們的際遇每況愈下。
My career had already taken a new turn.
我的事業已經有了新的轉機。
The president was stunned by the sudden turn of events.
總統對事態發生突變感到非常震驚。
take a turn for the worse/better
Two days after the operation, Dad took a turn for the worse.
爸爸在手術兩天後病情開始惡化。
7  the turn of the century/year BEGINNINGthe beginning of a new century or year 世紀之交/新年之始
the short period from the turn of the century until World War One
從世紀之交到一戰之前的短暫時期
Examples from the Corpus
the turn of the century/year• This 1935 measure derived from the widows' pensions, which states had enacted at the turn of the century.• Nevertheless they were considerably more evangelical at the turn of the century than they are now.• Their catalogues contain fewer items, but the range of publications is wider than at the turn of the century.• She was born before the turn of the century, so it is likely that her parents had been born into slavery.• People have been peddling phony weight-loss elixirs since before the turn of the century.• By the turn of the century, a unique international generation of women had arrived at senior status.• From 1859 until the turn of the century the system worked wonderfully.• For many of us the turn of the century was only a few months ago.
8  at every turn ALL THE TIMEhappening again and again, especially in an annoying way 每一回；總是；處處
problems that presented themselves at every turn
處處存在的問題
Examples from the Corpus
at every turn• Everyone wants to define this free spirit of music, and at every turn the 26-year-old DiFranco rebuffs.• There Amelia was, an intensely ambitious woman without any professional training, blocked at every turn.• The latter we were born into, but at every turn we exile ourselves from our own Eden.• He relentlessly shadowed Michael from the start, harrying the Ferrari at every turn.• Emboldened by their mandate from the voters, the parties challenged de Gaulle at every turn.• She had to be particularly vigilant when it came to the large amounts of water threatening them at every turn.• Above: the craggy coastline offers new treasures at every turn.• Government officials demanded bribes from us at every turn.
9  act of turning STH 轉動某物的動作 [countableC]TURN the act of turning something completely around a fixed point 轉動，旋轉
I gave the screw another two or three turns.
我又把螺絲擰了兩三圈。
10  by turns CHANGE FROM ONE THING TO ANOTHERORDER/SEQUENCEchanging from one quality, feeling etc to another 輪流地，交替地〔表現某些特質或情感〕
By turns, a 14 year old is affectionate then aggressive, silent then outspoken.
一個14歲的孩子，有時會跟你很親熱，有時又會犯渾，有時一言不發，有時又什麽話都說。
Examples from the Corpus
by turns• The script is terrible, the acting by turns melodramatic and wooden, the direction confused.• Yes, so catlike, owlish, aggressive and passive, hostile and amicable by turns.• She had been by turns confused, angry, and finally jealous.• Beneath her external calm, she raged and felt frightened by turns.• And her listener feels both protective and irritated by turns.• Bedford is by turns hilarious and ironic in the best sense: compassionate and yet clear-eyed.• For the conductors, the process is by turns exciting and exhausting, agonizing and enlightening.• I felt myself growing shy and scared by turns.• She is both ingenuous and sophisticated by turns.
11  turn of phrase 
a) EXPRESSthe ability to say things in a clever or funny way 巧妙風趣的口才
Kate has a colourful turn of phrase.
凱特說話很有趣。
b) WORD, PHRASE, OR SENTENCEa particular way of saying something 說法；措辭 SYN expression
What a strange turn of phrase!
這種說法真奇怪！
Examples from the Corpus
turn of phrase• His brilliant turns of phrase, his dark, brooding eyes tempted me.• It demands complicated puns, archaic semantic associations, and other comic turns of phrase.• It was his habitual turn of phrase.• He had a happy turn of phrase.• Kant was not noted for his turn of phrase-his style was usually a plodding one.• For most of us, however, these are all metaphors, turns of phrase.• He was a slow-talking Mississippian with a penchant for the rustic turn of phrase and a gift for storytelling.• Sorry, an unfortunate turn of phrase, but maybe not so inaccurate.
12  speak/talk out of turn OFFENDto say something you should not say in a particular situation, especially because you do not have enough authority to say it 說不該說的話，說話出格 〔尤指超越本分說話〕
I’m sorry if I spoke out of turn, Major Karr.
如果我說了不該說的話，我很抱歉，卡爾少校。
Examples from the Corpus
speak/talk out of turn• He enjoys talking out of turn.• Captain Steve Waugh had sharp words with Buchanan, telling him he had spoken out of turn.• Also this week: Ben and Mandy talk out of turn while Luke is listening.• I hope I'm not speaking out of turn, but I don't think this is the best way to proceed.
13  do somebody a good/bad turn HELPto do something that is helpful or unhelpful for someone 做有利於/有損於某人的事
You did me a good turn by driving Max home last night.
你昨晚開車送馬克斯回家，真是幫了我大忙。
Examples from the Corpus
do somebody a good/bad turn• She was only trying to do James a good turn.
14. one good turn deserves another HELPused to say that if someone does something nice for you, you should do something nice for them 好心應該得到好報；以德報德
15  turn of mind CHARACTER/PERSONALITYthe particular way that someone usually thinks or feels 思想方法；性情，習性
an academic/practical etc turn of mind
youngsters with an independent turn of mind
思想獨立的青少年
Examples from the Corpus
turn of mind• Certainly there were Gallo-Romans of an independent turn of mind in the south.• Very often students' inventive turn of mind can be useful at such formats, and they will largely be absent.• She was a plain girl, with straight hair and thin limbs and a mathematical turn of mind.• He is a very intelligent man with a scientific turn of mind.
16  on the turn British EnglishBrE
a) HEMif the tide is on the turn, the sea is starting to come in or go out 〔潮水〕轉漲[退]
b) CHANGE/BECOME DIFFERENTstarting to change, or in the process of changing 開始轉變；正在轉變
Hopefully my luck was on the turn.
我的運氣有望好轉了。
c) DFif milk, fish, or other food is on the turn, it is no longer fresh 〔牛奶、魚或其他食品〕開始變酸，變質
Examples from the Corpus
on the turn• Headlight controls are on the turn signal stalk, wiper controls on another stalk to the right of the steering wheel.• The tide was high but on the turn, lapping sluggishly against the rocks at the river's edge.• Now they hope their luck is finally on the turn.• As the right leg is lifted on the turn, it should remain high and close to the body.• In the passage she encountered the man who always smelt of meat on the turn.• No wonder they reckon the beer's on the turn in here.• Flo was denied a hat-trick when Austin McCann headed his shot on the turn off the line.• The river black, flat, wide on the turn, and solid as a road.
17  turn of speed British EnglishBrE a sudden increase in your speed, or the ability to increase your speed suddenly 加速；加速的能力
He’s a top goalkicker with a surprising turn of speed.
他是個頂尖射手，瞬間加速能力十分驚人。
Examples from the Corpus
turn of speed• Tonson's printer and Purcell himself put on an extra turn of speed in case.• It looked as though it was capable of a fair turn of speed, anyway.• Rodber has huge potential, however, a great physique, a fair turn of speed and good hands.• Although the kangaroo has a fast turn of speed on the plan, he is handicapped when climbing trees.• He is a top goalkicker, has a good turn of speed and is an excellent all-round performer.• They were capable of a good turn of speed on the straight stretch between South Croydon and Purley.• It has a daunting and sinister turn of speed.
18. be done to a turn COOK British EnglishBrE to be perfectly cooked 烹調得恰到好處
Examples from the Corpus
be done to a turn• Then the interviewer asked what needed to be done to turn things around.
19. take a turn in/on etc something old-fashionedWALK to walk somewhere for pleasure 悠閒地散步，閒逛
Examples from the Corpus
take a turn in/on etc something• Hutson and Wright took turns on a machine gun.• I said I never had to take turns in my old house with my mum and my dad.• I took a turn on a rope slide and had to sit on a tractor tyre on the way down.• In other collaborative activities individuals take turns in sitting vigilantly alert while others feed, thereby functioning as watchdogs or guards.• In the teaching of the principles of group discussion, every member of the group should take turns in leading the discussion.• Kelly took a turn in law school, then left academics and Pittsburgh behind.• This year there is no such urgency that could save feds and retirees from taking a turn on the chopping block.• When word slipped out that the governor would be taking a turn on stage, snickers abounded in the capital.
20. give somebody a turn old-fashionedFRIGHTENED to frighten someone 驚嚇某人
Examples from the Corpus
give somebody a turn• Facilitators at corners play crossing guards, giving directions for turning.• A second glance put my mind to rest, but for a moment there it gave me a turn.• Higher ratio power steering gives tighter turns, but the tendency to slight wanderings on the straight is still there.• Thus at this imaginary point A they give up, turn around, and go home.• This gives everybody a turn at catching.• Nero sends his luv, you know he's coming over here to give us a turn this winter.• We have ten Free Curl Combi stylers to give away - turn to page 54 for details.
21. have a turn British EnglishBrE old-fashionedILL to feel slightly ill 感覺有點不舒服
Examples from the Corpus
have a turn• He says that they could have turned the company around. he feels they've been treated in a shabby way.• Logic machines have turned out to be poor at dealing with images and making analogies.• Even Sandie looks as if she might have turned the corner.• At some point Solveig must have turned out the light.• As we have seen, both the market and public policy have turned against work.• In recent weeks, even his friends seemed to have turned against him.• In a structural sense we have turned our model on its side.• This day with me, here, you have turned back to face your past.
Examples from the Corpus
turn• Loosen the screw one complete turn in order to release the valve.• She can do a 360-degree turn on water skis.• Take the first turn on your right.• Take the first turning after the traffic lights.• The impartial flames in turn drove them back.• The OEMs in turn pass some of those reductions on to their customers to increase market share.• This in turn gave the schools the heavy assignment of universal literacy.• In turn, however, the question of where population is growing - or declining - is fundamentally related to human welfare.• When it was my turn, I always used to think my time went quicker than when Frank was carrying it.• My turn to die had come and I had been inexplicably reprieved.• With three swift turns of the wheel, he steered the boat away from the rocks.• We were supposed to take Highway 12, but I think we missed the turn.• Tighten the screw another two or three turns.
turn to do something• Next in its review of the pressures for change, Chapter 3 turns to the growth of the functions of trade unions.• It would be my turn to get the good stuff.• Now it was my turn to be silent, and to look about the room.• And today it was my turn to make a contribution.• To order, turn to page 148 Lounge around in style in this fabulous tunic top with matching leggings.• To order, turn to the coupon on page 163.• For details of our pre-bookable excursions, please turn to page 8.• As she turned to go, Carly saw the package in the corner.• Except for taking turns to go to the bar and the gents, they never moved at all.
sharp turn• After a sharp turn in the path, they are suddenly approaching a faint square of light.• We came to a sharp turn in the road.• A sharp turn to the south east took us past St Ives, and up a massive sand-filled estuary towards Hayle.• However her outspoken opinions mask an iron determination matched by a formidable charm and sharp turn of phrase.• Another sharp turn sent them soaring out of a tunnel mouth in the side of a vast cavern.• His feet and hands kept striking stone corners, sharp turns, and massive columns difficult to circumvent.• Their wings do not normally come into contact, but even so there are problems when the dragonfly executes sharp turns.• The road made a last sharp turn and ran straight west along the shoreline into Angle Inlet.• Ro and Brent do the carrying, negotiating sharp turns in the stairwell.
make a left/right turn• Make a left turn at the light.
take a dramatic/fresh/different etc turn• But now it looked as if her job might have taken a different turn.• And everything would have taken a different turn.• Here, self-exclusion from the feast of life takes a fresh turn.• Soon, however, events were to take a different turn.• El Cid's future seemed anything but happy, yet events were to take a dramatic turn in the months ahead.
From Longman Business Dictionary
turnturn1 /tɜːntɜːrn/ noun
1[countableC]FINANCE the difference between the price at which a MARKETMAKER will buy and sell a particular shareSYN SPREAD
2[singular] if something takes a particular turn, it starts developing in a completely different way
Things may take a bad turn and the economic situation may deteriorate.
The economy seems to be taking a turn for the worse (=suddenly becoming worse).
turnturn2 verb
turn a profit to make a profit
The China operation has just started turning a profit.
→ turn something → around
→ turn down
→ turn something → out
→ turn over something
→ turn something over to somebody
Origin turn1
(1000-1100) Partly from Latin tornare “to turn on a lathe”, from turnus “lathe”, from Greek tornos; partly from Old French torner, tourner “to turn”, from Latin tornare
BNC: 183 COCA: 170
turn

noun¹

 1act of turning sb/sth around旋轉；轉身ADJECTIVE | VERB + TURN ADJECTIVE➤complete, full, half, quarter轉一圈；轉半圈；轉 1/4 圈◇It slowly spun for three complete turns.它慢慢地旋轉了三整圈。◇a full turn of the handle to the right將把手向右轉一轉圈➤90-degree, 180-degree, etc. * 90 度、180 度等的轉動▸➤quick迅速轉動◇a quick turn of his head他迅速轉頭➤slight輕微轉動◇He quickly gives the handle a slight turn.他迅速將把手稍微轉了一點兒。VERB + TURN➤give sth轉動⋯◇Give the knob a turn.轉一下把手。
turn

noun²

 2change of direction改變方向ADJECTIVE | VERB + TURN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤left, left-hand, right, right-hand左轉；右轉▸➤abrupt, sharp, tight急轉彎◇Tinker makes the tight turns look easy.廷克使高難度的旋轉看起來很容易。➤wide大轉彎▸➤sudden突然轉向▸➤three-point三點轉向 (see also U-turn) ➤handbrake (BrE) 手剎轉向➤flip (NAmE) (in swimming遊泳) 翻騰轉體◇Every time she did a flip turn, she made a large splash.每當做翻騰轉體時她都濺起一個大水花。VERB + TURN➤do, make, negotiate轉彎；順利轉向◇She stopped talking as she negotiated a particularly sharp turn.她轉一個特別急的彎時停止了說話。➤execute做翻滾轉體◇Syd executed each turn perfectly.敍德的每個翻滾轉體做得都很完美。PHRASES➤at every turn (figurative) 事事；處處◇At every turn I met with disappointment.我事事都不順心。➤a turn to the left, a turn to the right向左轉；向右轉◇He made a sudden turn to the right.他突然向右轉。➤twists and turns (figurative) 意外的曲折變化◇It's impossible to follow all the twists and turns of the plot.要跟上情節中所有的曲折變化是不可能的。
turn

noun³

 3 (especially NAmE) bend/corner in a road轉彎處；拐角  ➡ see also turning ADJECTIVE | VERB + TURN | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤next下一個轉彎處▸➤wrong錯誤的轉彎處➤hairpin, tight * U 字形轉彎；急轉彎◇The car skidded around a hairpin turn.汽車在一個急轉彎處打滑了。◇There was a screech as the car rounded a tight turn.汽車急轉彎時發出了一陣吱吱的尖叫。VERB + TURN➤make, take轉彎◇He took a wrong turn and ended up on the coast road.他轉錯了彎，結果開到了海濱公路上。➤miss錯過拐彎處➤approach, enter, round接近／進入／繞過轉彎◇Slow down as you enter the turn.進入彎道時要減速。PHRASES➤a turn on the left, a turn on the right左邊的／右邊的轉彎處◇Take the next turn on the right.在下一個右轉彎處轉彎。➤twists and turns彎彎曲曲處◇a road full of twists and turns彎彎曲曲的道路
turn

noun⁴

 4time when you must or may do sth做事的時機VERB + TURN | TURN + VERB | PREPOSITION VERB + TURN➤have, take輪流；依次◇Can I have a turn?讓我來一次好嗎？◇I'll take a turn making the dinner－you have a rest.你休息一下吧，輪到我做一次晚飯了。◇The children took turns on the swing.孩子們輪流盪鞦韆。➤miss錯過一輪◇If you can't put any cards down you have to miss a turn.你如果不能出牌就要錯過一輪。➤give sb給某人一次機會◇Give Sarah a turn on the swing.讓薩拉坐一次鞦韆吧。➤await, wait等待輪到的機會◇Be patient and wait your turn!耐心等着輪到你吧！➤come to輪到◇By the time it came to my turn to sing, I was very nervous.輪到我唱歌的時候，我都快緊張死了。TURN + VERB➤come輪到◇When my turn finally came, I was shaking with nerves.終於輪到我的時候，我緊張得渾身發抖。PREPOSITION➤in turn (= one after the other) 依次地◇They gave their names in turn.他們依次說出自己的名字。➤in sb's turn (especially BrE) 輪到某人時；進而◇She had not been friendly to Pete and he, in his turn, was cold to her when she came to stay.她對皮特不太友好，而她來住的時候皮特對她也很冷淡。➤out of turn (= before or after your turn) 未按照正常順序地◇Batista had batted out of turn.巴蒂斯塔沒有按順序出場擊球。
turn

noun⁵

 5change改變ADJECTIVE | VERB + TURN | PREPOSITION | PHRASES ADJECTIVE➤abrupt, sudden突然的變化◇He seems to have taken an abrupt career turn with his new movie.他的新電影似乎表明，他的事業突然出現了轉型。➤dramatic, remarkable巨大的／顯著的變化➤decisive, drastic, radical果斷的／劇烈的／激進的改變◇Schuler's life took a radical turn when he became obsessed with horses.舒勒迷上馬之後，生活發生了劇烈的變化。➤different, new不同的變化；新的變化➤interesting有趣的變化◇The video market took an interesting turn in the mid 1980s.視頻市場在 20 世紀 80 年代中期發生了有趣的變化。➤bizarre, ironic, odd, shocking, strange, surprising, unexpected離奇的／諷刺性的／古怪的／令人震驚的／奇怪的／令人感到意外的／意想不到的變化◇The trial has taken an even more bizarre turn today.今天的審判有了更為離奇的發展。◇Events took a surprising turn.事情出現了令人驚訝的變化。➤ugly, unfortunate險惡的／不幸的轉變◇The battle took an unfortunate turn.戰鬥出現了不妙的變化。➤downward變壞VERB + TURN➤take轉變◇Her career took an unexpected turn when she moved to Vancouver.搬到溫哥華後，她的職業發生了出人意料的變化。➤mark, signal標誌變化◇It marks a major turn in this presidency.這標誌着這任總統的重要變化。PREPOSITION➤by turn, by turns輪流地◇This movie is by turn (= alternately) terrifying and very funny.這部電影一會兒令人毛骨悚然，一會兒滑稽可笑。➤on the turn (= changing) 在轉變中◇Our luck is on the turn.我們要轉運了。PHRASES➤take a turn for the better, take a turn for the worse好轉；變壞◇I'm afraid Grandma has taken a turn for the worse.我擔心奶奶的病情加重了。➤a turn of events情況的轉變◇In a dramatic turn of events she took the company into her own hands.事態發生了戲劇性變化 － 她親自掌控公司了。
BNC: 183 COCA: 170
turn verb
⇨ turn 1 (turn your head away) ⇨ turn 2 (turn sb into a frog) ⇨ aim (turn a gun on sb) ⇨ become (turn brown/cold/sour) ⇨ curve (The road turns east.) ⇨ focus (turn your attention to sth) ⇨ spin (turn the wheel)turn noun
⇨ corner (make a left turn) ⇨ junction (take the next turn) ⇨ opportunity (Wait your turn.)turn1

verb

 turn away/turn your head away 轉頭；扭頭turn sb into a frog 把某人變成一只青蛙turn left/the cornerturn ♦︎ turn (sb/sth) around/round ♦︎ swing ♦︎ twist ♦︎ spin ♦︎ wheel ♦︎ whirl ♦︎ swivel ♦︎ pivotThese words all mean to move your body or part of your body in order to face another direction. 這些詞均表示轉身、扭轉身體部位。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to turn / swing / twist / spin / wheel / whirl / swivel / pivot around / round◆to turn / swing / spin / wheel / whirl / swivel back / away◆to turn / turn around / swing / spin / whirl / swivel / pivot on sth◆to turn / twist / swivel your head◆to turn / turn around / swing / twist / spin / wheel / whirl around / swivel to face sb / sth◆to turn / turn around / swing / spin / wheel / whirl suddenly◆to turn / turn around / swing / spin / wheel sharply / quickly◆to turn / turn around / twist slowly■ turn [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) to move your body or part of your body in order to face or start moving in a different direction 轉身；扭轉（身體部位）◆We turned and headed for home.我們轉身朝家走去。◆He turned back to his work.他轉過身繼續工作。◆Anne flushed and turned her head away.安妮臉一紅，把頭扭向别處。◆While his back was turned I sneaked a look at his notes.他背過身時我偷看了一下他的筆記。■ ˌturn aˈround■ ˌturn ˈround■ ˌturn sb/sth aˈround■ ˌturn sb/sth ˈround

phrasal verb

to change position or direction in order to face the other way; to make sb/sth do this （使）翻身，轉身，翻轉◆Turn around and let me look at you.轉過身讓我看看你。◆Turn your chair round.把你的椅子轉過來。ⓘ In turn around/round and the other verbs in this group, round is used especially in British English, and around especially in American English. 在turn around/round和本組其他動詞中，round尤用於英式英語，around尤用於美式英語。■ swing (swung, swung) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 總是與副詞或介詞連用) to turn or change direction suddenly; to make sb/sth do this （使）突然轉向，突然轉身◆The bus swung sharply to the left.公共汽車猛地拐向左邊。◆She swung around angrily, her eyes blazing.她生氣地轉過身，兩眼怒火中燒。◆He swung the car round in a dangerous U-turn.他不顧危險一下子將車180度回轉。■ twist [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) to turn part of your body around while the rest stays still 扭轉，轉動（身體部位）◆She twisted in her chair to look.她坐在椅子上扭身來看。◆Hold your arms out to the sides and twist your upper body.保持雙臂伸向兩側，轉動上半身。■ spin [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 總是與副詞或介詞連用) to turn around quickly once; to make sb/sth do this （使）急轉身，猛轉回頭，急轉彎◆She spun on her heel and walked out.她把腳後跟一轉，走了出去。◆He spun the child roughly around.他粗暴地將孩子的身子扭過來。■ wheel [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 總是與副詞或介詞連用) (written) to turn quickly or suddenly to face the opposite direction; to make sb/sth do this （使）迅速轉身，猛然轉身◆Jim wheeled back to face me.吉姆猛地回過身來，面對着我。◆He wheeled his horse around.他突然掉轉馬頭。■ whirl wɜːl; NAmE wɜːrl [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) (written) to turn quickly or suddenly to face the opposite direction; to make sb do this （使）迅速轉身，猛然轉身◆She whirled on him, furious.她突然轉身，憤怒地對着他。◆He grasped her wrist and whirled her back to face him.他抓住她的手腕，猛地把她扭過身來面對着他。ⓘ In this meaning whirl is only used about people; they are usually acting under a strong emotion, especially anger. 表達此義時，whirl僅用於人，通常是人在強烈情緒下，尤其是生氣時的動作。■ swivel ˈswɪvl (-ll-, NAmE -l-) [intransitive, transitive] (written) to turn or move your body, eyes or head around quickly to face another direction 轉身；轉動（身體、眼睛或頭）◆He swivelled around to look at her.他轉過身來看着她。◆I swivelled my head to peer at him.我轉過頭端詳着他。■ pivot ˈpɪvət [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常與副詞或介詞連用) to turn or balance on a central point （使）在樞軸上旋轉（或平衡）◆He pivoted on one foot and threw the ball to Gary.他單腳支撐轉身，將球投給加裏。◆The mechanism pivots around a central point.那個機械裝置沿着中軸轉動。turn2

verb

 turn away/turn your head away 轉頭；扭頭turn sb into a frog 把某人變成一只青蛙turn left/the cornerturn ♦︎ transform ♦︎ convert ♦︎ change ♦︎ translate ♦︎ evolve ♦︎ mutate ♦︎ metamorphoseThese words all mean to change in appearance or character, or to make the appearance or character of sth change. 這些詞均表示外觀或性質發生改變，或使之改變。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / translate / evolve / mutate / metamorphose into sth◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / evolve / mutate / metamorphose from sth into sth◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / evolve / mutate rapidly (into sth)◆to turn / transform sth / convert / change / evolve quickly / slowly / gradually (into sth)◆to turn / transform sth / change suddenly / miraculously / overnight (into sth)◆to transform / convert / change sth completely◆to easily / automatically turn / transform sth / convert / change / translate (into sth)■ turn [intransitive, transitive] (always used with into or from and to 總是與into、from和to連用) to change into sb/sth different; to make sb/sth change into sth different （使）變成，成爲◆The natural sugars turn into alcohol during brewing.天然糖分在釀造過程中變成酒精。◆The problem turned into an advantage.那個困難轉而成了優勢。◆The leaves gradually turn from green to orange.葉子逐漸從綠變橘黃。◆There are plans to turn the old station into a hotel.有將舊車站改成旅館的計劃。ⓘ In fairy stories, a person who is able to do magic might turn sb into sth. 童話故事中，turn sb into sth可指會施魔法的人將某人變成别的東西◆With a wave of her wand, she turned him into a frog.她魔杖一揮，將他變成了一只青蛙。In everyday English, sb might turn into, or circumstances might turn sb into a criminal, a gambler, a tyrant, a hero or a film star; or people might turn a building into a hotel or a house into a home. You can also use turn into sth or turn sth into sth when you are describing the way a situation changes, or people change a situation. 在日常英語中，可以說sb turn into，也可以說環境turn sb into a criminal/gambler/tyrant/hero/film star，指某人成爲或受環境影響而變成罪犯、賭徒、暴君、英雄或影星。還可以說turn a building into a hotel（將建築變成旅館）或turn a house into a home（將房子變成家）。也可用turn into sth或turn sth into sth描述情況發生變化或人爲改變了情況◆What began as a minor disagreement has turned into a major crisis.開始的小分歧已經變成大危機。◆I managed to turn the whole thing into a joke.我盡量做到對整件事一笑置之。 ■ transform [transitive] to completely change the appearance or character of sth, especially so that it is better; to change the form of sth 使（外觀或性質）徹底改變（尤指變好）；使（形態）轉變◆A new colour scheme will transform your bedroom.新的配色將使你的卧室煥然一新。◆It was an event that would transform my life.那是一件能徹底改變我一生的事。◆The photochemical reactions transform the light into electrical impulses.光化反應使光變爲電脈沖。ⓘ In everyday English, transform usually suggests that the change has been particularly dramatic; in scientific contexts transform does not necessarily refer to a dramatic change. 在日常用語中，transform通常意味着發生富有戲劇性的變化；在科學語境中，transform並不一定指發生戲劇性的變化。▸ transformation ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn; NAmE ˌtrænsfərˈmeɪʃn

noun

 [countable, uncountable] (especially written) ◆The country's transformation from dictatorship to democracy has been peaceful.這個國家從獨裁向民主的轉型是和平進行的。◆What a transformation! You look great.真是判若兩人！你看上去棒極了。■ convert kənˈvɜːt; NAmE kənˈvɜːrt [transitive, intransitive] to change or make sth change from one form, purpose or system to another; to be able to be changed from one form, purpose, or system to another （使在形態、用途或系統上）轉變，轉換，轉化；可轉變爲◆The hotel is going to be converted into a nursing home.那家旅館將被改建成私人療養院。◆Hot water is converted to electricity by a turbine.渦輪將熱水轉變成電能。◆We've converted from coal to gas central heating.我們已由燃煤改換成燃氣集中供暖。◆We need a sofa that converts into a bed.我們需要一個可改作床用的沙發。ⓘ Convert is often used to talk about changing old buildings to make them suitable for people to live in. * convert常指改變舊建築物，使其適合人居住◆to convert a church / farm buildings / a barn / a house / stables / a mill (into sth)改建教堂／農場建築／谷倉／房子／馬廄／工廠（成⋯）◆They live in a converted church / barn / mill.他們住在一個由教堂／谷倉／工廠改建而成的房子裏。 Convert is often used without an object to talk about changing from one type of service to another. * convert常不帶賓語，指從一種服務類型轉向另一種◆All homes must convert to digital TV by 2012, when the analogue signal will be switched off.到2012年，所有家庭必須轉爲使用數字電視，屆時模拟信號將會關閉。It is also used to talk about changing money from one currency to another, or changing the way money is held. * convert亦可指兌換貨幣或改變持有金錢的方式◆to convert securities into shares將證券轉換成股票   see also conversion ⇨ change noun 2 , convertible ⇨ flexible 1 ■ change [intransitive, transitive] (always used with into or from and to 總是與into、from和to連用) to pass or make sb/sth pass from one state or form into another （使狀態或形態）變換，改變，變成◆Caterpillars change into butterflies.毛蟲變成蝴蝶。◆The lights changed from red to green.交通燈已由紅變綠。◆With a wave of her wand, she changed the frog into a handsome prince.她魔杖一揮，把青蛙變成了英俊的王子。NOTE 辨析 Turn or change? Change is only used in cases where sth changes naturally, automatically or by magic (although you can also use turn in these cases). Change is not usually used when people use their effort or skill to change one thing or situation into sth different, or when circumstances change a situation. * change僅用於某物自然、自動或被施魔法而變化的情形（盡管在這些情況下也可使用turn）。人們經過努力或用技能達成改變或環境改變某種情況時，通常不用change◆There are plans to change the old station into a hotel. ◆I managed to change the whole thing into a joke. ◆A minor disagreement has changed into a major crisis. ■ translate [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to change sth, or to be changed, into a different form 使轉變；變爲◆It's time to translate words into action.是把言語化爲行動的時候了。◆I hope all the hard work will translate into profits.我希望所有的辛勤勞動都會有回報。◆Most attempts to translate Shakespeare to the small screen (= television) are not successful.通過電視演繹莎士比亞作品的嘗試大多不成功。ⓘ Translate is often used when people are talking about wanting to get good results. * translate常用於人們希望改變以取得好結果的情形◆You need to translate your ideas into practice / your enthusiasm into success.你需要將你的想法付諸實踐／將你的熱情轉化爲成功。It is also often used when people are talking about how easy or difficult it is to produce the same thing using a different medium, for example producing a play (which is meant for the theatre) on television, or about adopting a system in a different place. * translate亦常用於人們談論用不同的方法制作同樣東西的難易，例如將一部舞台劇搬上電視熒屏，或將某制度搬到另一地◆I'm not sure how well the American system would translate to a European context.我不知道美國的制度在歐洲的環境下是否合適。 ■ evolve iˈvɒlv; NAmE iˈvɑːlv [intransitive, transitive] (biology 生物) (of plants or animals) to develop gradually over many generations from a simple form to a more complicated one （動植物）進化，進化形成◆The three species evolved from a single ancestor.這三個物種是從同一祖先進化而來的。◆The dolphin has evolved a highly developed jaw.海豚已經進化形成高度發達的下颌。   see also evolve ⇨ develop 1 ▸ evolution ˌiːvəˈluːʃn, ˌevəˈluːʃn

noun

 [uncountable] ◆the evolution of the human species人類的進化■ mutate mjuːˈteɪt; NAmE ˈmjuːteɪt [intransitive, transitive] (biology 生物 or written) to develop or make sth develop a new form or structure, because of a genetic change; to change into a new form （因基因變化而）使變異，使突變；轉變；轉換◆We are studying the ability of the virus to mutate into new forms.我們正在研究病毒變種的能力。◆Scientists have been able to replace the mutated gene with a normal one.科學家已經能做到用正常基因替換變異的基因。◆Rhythm and blues mutated into rock and roll.節奏藍調演變成了搖滾樂。ⓘ A genetic change is one that is connected with the units in the cells of a living thing that control its physical characteristics. Mutate is used by writers, either to describe a gradual change into sth unpleasant * genetic change指遺傳基因的改變。mutate是書面用語，一是用來描述逐漸朝令人不悅的方向轉變◆to mutate into a monster / a writhing, biting snake / rotting vegetation變成怪物／扭動着咬人的蛇／腐爛的植物or to describe a change that seems to take place gradually by itself, often in a strange or unexplained way. 二是用來描述怪異而無從解釋的自身的逐漸改變◆Memories had mutated into bizarre myths.回憶已經變成離奇的神話。 ▸ mutation

noun

 [uncountable, countable] ◆These cells have been affected by mutation.這些細胞已經受到突變的影響。◆The disease is caused by genetic mutations.這種疾病是由基因突變所致。■ metamorphose ˌmetəˈmɔːfəʊz; NAmE ˌmetəˈmɔːrfoʊz [intransitive] (formal) to change into sth completely different, especially over a period of time （尤指經過一段時間）發生質變，蛻變◆The caterpillar will eventually metamorphose into a butterfly.毛蟲最終將蛻變成蝴蝶。◆She had metamorphosed from an awkward schoolgirl into a beautiful woman.她從一個笨拙别扭的女生蛻變成美女。▸ metamorphosis

noun

 [countable, uncountable] ◆ (formal) We studied the metamorphosis of a caterpillar into a butterfly.我們研究了從毛蟲到蝴蝶的蛻變。
BNC: 183 COCA: 170
turn
To change your position: balance, bear yourself, bend...
To change position: turn, spin, overturn...
To move, or to move something away or back: back away, draw back, part...
What roads, paths and areas of land do: ascend, bend, bifurcate...
What liquids can do: break, burst, cast up...
To move in circles or twists: spin, revolve, whirl...
To read something quickly: glance, skim, flick through...
To become different: change, turn into, change into...
Linking verbs: appear, be, become...
To become a different colour: blacken, bleach, bleed...
Feeling sick and vomiting: airsick, barf, bilious...
To change a situation: turn, redress the balance, let the genie out of the bottle...
To decay, or to rot: biodegrade, curdle, decay...
To use a tool: card, chase, chip away...
General words for actions and activities: action, measure, doings...
The process of communication: communication, interaction, contact...
Circular and turning movements and about-turns: turn, spin, swirl...
Parts of roads and road systems: bend, black spot, bus lane...
Types of road or path: a one-way/two-way street, approach, A-road...
Changes: effect, change, trend...
Parts of performances: bill, curtain call, encore...
Walks: walk, trek, stroll...
Periods of bad health: illness, bout, attack...

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