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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 581 COCA: 672

private

Word family 
pri·vate1 /ˈpraɪvət/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj
1  not for the public 不是供大衆的PRIVATE/PERSONAL for use by one person or group, not for everyone 私人（用）的；私有的，個人的 OPP public
Morris has a private jet.
莫裏斯擁有一架私人噴氣式飛機。
He made some notes for his private use.
他記了些筆記供自己所用。
Many communists objected to any form of private property.
他們反對任何形式的私有財産。
2  not government 非政府的 [only before noun]PRIVATE/NON-GOVERNMENT not related to, owned by, or paid for by the government 私立的，私營的，民間的 OPP public
a private hospital
私立醫院
There is private ownership of property in a market economy.
市場經濟中存在財産私有制。
private education
私立教育
go private British EnglishBrE (=pay for medical treatment instead of getting it free at a public hospital) 自付醫療費
3  for only a few 只爲少數人的PRIVATE/PERSONAL a private meeting, conversation etc involves only two people or a small number of people, and is not for other people to know about 私下的，不公開的
I need to have a private discussion with you.
我得和你私下討論。
Are you alone? I just wanted a private word.
你是一個人嗎？我只是想和你私下裏說幾句。
4  secret 秘密的SECRET private feelings, information, or opinions are personal or secret and not for other people to know about 〔感情、消息或意見〕個人的，秘密的
Jack’s private opinion was that she was selfish.
傑克個人認爲她很自私。
Don’t read that – it’s private.
别看那個——那是私人信息。
5  not publicly known 不爲公衆認識的 used about someone who is not known to the public or not working for the government or another organization 不爲公衆認識的；不任職於政府部門的；獨立的〔相對於爲某機構工作的〕
a private citizen
普通公民
The painting was sold to a private collector.
那幅畫賣給了一位私人收藏家。
Seven police and three private individuals needed medical attention.
七名警察和三名平民需要進行治療。
6  not work 非工作PRIVATE/PERSONAL separate from and not related to your work or your official position 與公事無關的，與官職無關的，私人的
The president is paying a private visit to Europe.
總統將對歐洲進行私人訪問。
He enjoys everything he does in both his professional and his private life.
他對工作和個人生活中的一切都感到滿意。
7  quiet place 安靜的地方QUIET quiet and without a lot of people 安靜的；人不多的
Why don’t we go upstairs where it’s more private?
我們爲什麽不到樓上去呢？那裏清靜些。
8  person 人 [only before noun]PRIVATE/PERSONAL a private person is one who likes being alone, and does not talk much about their thoughts or feelings 喜歡獨處的，内向的，内斂的
He’s a very private man.
他是個很内向的人。
9. private joke JOKEa joke made between friends, family members etc that other people do not understand 〔朋友、家庭成員等之間才理解的〕私人玩笑 → privately
Examples from the Corpus
private joke• But Sir Thomas liked riddles and his own private jokes.• He turned away as we entered, shoulders shaking as if relishing some private joke.• Melford, now he had tasted blood, seemed to be revelling in some private joke.• Throughout they appeared to be sharing some private joke.• But I sensed they were getting along fine and easy-sharing private jokes and the like.• His private joke is annoying me.• They were laughing into each other's faces at some private joke; they hadn't seen me.• We feel like a family, with private jokes to share, a history.
 THESAURUS
private if something is private, you do not want most people to know about it because it concerns your feelings, your relationships etc 私下的,私人的
He didn’t want to discuss his private life.
他不願討論他的私生活。
What happens in the bedroom is strictly private.
卧室内發生的事是絕對私密的。
personal relating to your private life – used especially about problems, feelings, and questions 個人的,私人的
They asked a lot of personal questions.
他們問了許多私人問題。
She talked about her own personal feelings.
她講到她的個人感情。
I’d rather not talk about it – it’s personal.
我不想談那個,那是私事。
nThe singer has had a lot of problems in her personal life.
secret [only before noun] used about feelings and thoughts that you do not tell anyone about 秘密的,私密的
Barclay had a secret desire to become an actor.
巴克利私下裏希望成爲一名演員。
His secret fear was that Jenny would leave him.
他暗自擔心珍妮會離他而去。
intimate very private – used about things relating to your relationships and sexual feelings 私密的,隐私的
an intimate conversation
私房話
Many people share intimate details of their lives on the Internet.
許多人在因特網上交流私生活的細節。
ntheir intimate moments together
innermost [only before noun] your innermost feelings, thoughts etc are your most private ones 内心深處的
Counselling often encourages you to reveal your innermost thoughts.
心理輔導通常會鼓勵你坦露自己内心深處的思想。
be none of somebody’s business if something is none of your business, it is private and you should not ask about it 與某人無關,不關某人的事
It’s none of your business how much I earn.
我掙多少錢關你什麽事。
n‘Are you married?’ ‘That’s none of your business.’
Examples from the Corpus
private• I've got something to tell you. Can we go somewhere private?• Each guest has a private bathroom.• He was also reportedly considering several offers from private businesses.• It also had many of the features of a private club, operated and run for the benefit of its members.• a private college• There are four bedrooms, all with en suite or private facilities and fine views.• There are twin, double and single rooms available, all with private facilities and most with a balcony.• Brian had an irritating habit of saying, "It'll be fine!", whenever she mentioned any of her private fears.• If she undergoes surgery, it will take place in a private hospital and will be paid for by Zapatista supporters.• Private hospitals can afford to pay much higher salaries than state-run hospitals.• The government plans to sell part of the railway network to private investors.• The garden's very private - it's not overlooked by anyone.• The book contains extracts from his diary and private letters.• Susan is trying to balance her private life and her work.• Brando is a private man who almost never gives interviews to the press.• Clarence refused to comment on the state of his marriage, saying, it "is a private matter which we'd like to keep private.''• He keeps his private papers locked away in the top drawer of his desk.• After his death the author's family released many of his private papers.• Lou's a very private person - I don't know anything about her family.• He doesn't talk much about his family - he's a very private person.• private property• Do you think the teaching in private schools is better than in state schools?• If the government sells bonds to pay for its spending, interest rates rise and the private sector is squeeze.• The figures that she gave referred to comparisons with the private sector, not the national health service.• It can do this primarily by cutting its own expenditures and by raising taxes so as to curtail private spending.• The two leaders held private talks in June to try to resolve the dispute.• Guy had to obey his superiors, no matter what his private thoughts on the matter.• Earlier the Dalai Lama had spent six days in England on a private visit.
private property• There was no criminal violation because the party occurred on private property.• Sons were able to inherit their father's private property.• The reasons for doing so, he felt, are to establish order and to protect private property.• The setting could be a riverbank on private property.• These things, therefore, became little by little private property.• In the material area of life this can be guaranteed only by the existence of private property rights.• Indeed, one of the justifications of private property takes as its premise the idea that property ownership confers power.• Without private property there is no freedom.• Following the closure of the line in 1964, the building became private property while the track and platform disappeared.
go private• If that can not be achieved through the public sector, they will go private.• Of course, that was before we went private.• Shares jump as financial discussions get under way Saga family in bid to go private.• There is no doubt that investment in the companies which have gone private has increased, sometimes substantially.• As the inquiry proceeded Christie's changed hands, going private in May 1998.• Meanwhile the dentists say the threat to go private is a very real one.• If two gardeners hit it off, they can go private through electronic messages in a sort of letter-writing setup.• Dentists go private to avoid a pay cut.
private individuals• We will maintain support for the arts and continue to develop schemes for greater sponsorship in co-operation with business and private individuals.• But at the same time, bank lending to private individuals, and credit card use, has increased.• Why don't private individuals establish the missing market through a system of bribes or compensation?• So the best way in for most private individuals is through insurance funds, investment trusts or unit trusts.• Clive's estimate was that the Company and various private individuals made £3m. out of the change of rulers.• They were private individuals or partnerships, paid by the state to provide a universal service free at the point of use.• It was too expensive for most private individuals there to send telegrams; the network was used almost exclusively by the authorities.• There were a disturbing number of private individuals who called in to say they hoped he would not be a candidate.
private life• A student prying into her private life.• Countless twentieth-century dictators have been defended from their detractors by pointing out the asceticism of their private lives.• He can speak eloquently of the need to reduce the size of government and extricate it from our private lives.• There was better recognition still to come, adding professional achievement to a period of happiness in his private life.• What kind of private life could be imagined for this dried-up bundle of chilblains and nasal catarrh?• Furthermore, the individual may not want to reveal his private life in a public role.• His friends say he prefers the private life of the writer, the teacher.• They soon picked up her trail and from then on her private life was effectively over.
Related topics: Army
private2 noun
1  in private PRIVATE/PERSONALwithout other people being present 私下地，單獨地
I need to speak to you in private.
我得和你單獨說說。
Examples from the Corpus
in private• Can I speak to you in private for a minute?• I'd rather talk about it with you in private, if you don't mind.
2. [countableC]PMA a soldier of the lowest rank 列兵，二等兵〔級别最低的士兵〕
3. privates [plural] informalHBH private parts 私處，陰部
Examples from the Corpus
private• The victim was a 21-year-old Army private.• But unlike her workmates her privates were threatened in other quarters.• The same Southern private wrote graphically of another problem he and his comrades had to contend with, that of body lice.• The private was the nest of domestic virtues: the public was the arena of prostitution, of vice on the streets.
From Longman Business Dictionary
privatepri·vate /ˈpraɪvət/ adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
1private property, businesses, activities etc are owned or paid for by people and companies, rather than the government
They transferred ownership of thousands of companies from the state to the private sector (=the part of the economy not owned by the government).
Investment bankers say that private money should be used for new municipal projects.
private property
private pensions
—privately adverbadv
Joe Sims, a former Justice Department lawyer who now practices privately
a privately run prison
privately operated toll roads
2FINANCE involving something that is sold directly to people or organizations, without being offered openly for anyone to buy
The company has raised $50 million in a private placement arranged by Kemper Financial Services.
Goldman will seek new sources of capital through a private investment offering.
a private sale of 70 million shares, to be offered to investment institutions at A$2.55 each
—privately adverbadv
The banks will privately place the shares with individual investors.
He will decide which of his paintings will be sold privately and which works will be sold at auction.
3in private hands not belonging to the government
Slovak officials approved proposals to put 200 companies in private hands.
4in private hands belonging to a member of the public rather than to an organization
There are more than 100 million handguns in private hands in the US.
5go private (also turn private) if a government-owned organization goes or turns private, it is sold to investors
Iberia Airlines will be ready to go private next year.
Poland’s remaining state enterprises have put forward plans to turn private.
6go private British EnglishBrE to pay for medical treatment instead of getting it free at a public hospital
7a private company does not make its shares available for anyone to buy on a stockmarket
Cargill, the largest private company in the US, wants to stay that way. Says Mr West, a vice president: ‘We’ll go public (=sell shares on the stockmarket) the week after snowballs form in hell.’
—privately adverbadv
Cortisol Medical Research Inc., a privately-held (=privately-owned) drug manufacturer
a privately-funded research program
8go private if a company with shares on the stockmarket goes private, its owners buy back those shares from existing shareholders so that it becomes privately owned
The majority of companies that went private in the last few years will become public again by reselling stock.
9take a company private if a company’s owners take it private, they buy back all shares from existing shareholders
The company’s chairman plans to take the company private through a buy-out of the 74% of shares he doesn’t already own.
10only for use by one particular person or group, not for everyone
a private road
private accommodation
11a private meeting, agreement, conversation etc involves only a small number of people and is kept secret
Mr. Miscio rose to protest, saying ‘This is a private meeting’.
The visit was preceded by a private audience (=a meeting with someone important) for the chairmen.
—privately adverbadv
He and his lawyers will be permitted to meet privately at the Oakland jail.
Origin private1
(1300-1400) Latin privatus, past participle of privare; → DEPRIVE
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 581 COCA: 672
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 581 COCA: 672
private adj.
⇨ own (a private bathroom) ⇨ secret 1 (a private conversation)
TOEFL IELTS BNC: 581 COCA: 672
private
Limited and limiting: limited, restricted, restrictive...
Secret, secretive and in secret: secret, secretive, surreptitious...
Not known or difficult to know: secret, private, personal...
Words used to describe ways of living: (as) to the manner born, austere, back-to-nature...
Individuality and individual: individual, one-man, personalized...
Relating to the ordinary people: ordinary, popular, populist...
Miscellaneous soldiers: airman, airwoman, batman...

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