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BNC: 1955 COCA: 2945

ill

Word family 
ldoce_723_zill1 /ɪl/ ●●● S3 W2 adjectiveadj
1  especially British EnglishBrEILL suffering from a disease or not feeling well 有病的；不適的 SYN American English sick
Bridget can’t come – she’s ill.
布裏奇特不能來了，她生病了。
I was feeling ill that day and decided to stay at home.
我那天不太舒服，決定留在家裏。
ill with
Her husband has been ill with bladder trouble.
她丈夫膀胱有毛病，身體一直不好。
a hospice for the terminally ill
晚期病人的安養院
2  [only before noun]HARM/BE BAD FOR bad or harmful 壞的；有害的
Many people consumed the poisoned oil without ill effects.
很多人食用了這種有毒的油，但沒有出現不良反應。
the neglect and ill treatment of children
忽視和虐待兒童
He was unable to join the army because of ill health.
他因爲身體不好沒法參軍。
3  ill at ease NERVOUSnervous, uncomfortable, or embarrassed 緊張；不自在；窘迫
He always felt shy and ill at ease at parties.
他參加聚會總有害羞和不自在的感覺。
Examples from the Corpus
ill at ease• He is extremely ill at ease.• The thought of confinement can make me ill at ease.• And all of this is inevitable, for Utopians are ill at ease at the sharp end of politics.• He looked about him, for once strangely ill at ease, disconcerted to learn that she had ridden off ahead of him.• They looked ill at ease in the same camera frame.• If people are already ill at ease in unfamiliar surroundings the order of service becomes another pressure.• By the way, most women are very ill at ease when you call them out from the jury pool.• Nevertheless, their formality sits ill at ease with Esau's spontaneous show of love.
4. it’s an ill wind (that blows nobody any good) spokenADVANTAGE used to say that every problem brings an advantage for someone 沒有絕對的壞事〔指任何壞事都會使某些人獲益〕
→ ill feeling, ill will
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
be ill 生病
What’s wrong? Are you ill?
怎麽了？你不舒服？
feel ill 感覺不適
I’ve been feeling ill since I woke up this morning.
我今天早晨醒來後就感覺不適。
look ill 看上去有病
He looked rather ill when I saw him.
我看到他時他好像身體很不舒服。
become ill (also get ill informal) 生病
She became ill after eating oysters.
她食用牡蛎後就生病了。
fall ill formal (=become ill) 生病
Louise fell ill while she was on holiday.
路易絲度假時病了。
be taken ill (=become ill suddenly) 突然生病
Henry was suddenly taken ill and had to go to the hospital.
亨利突然病了，只得去了醫院。
make somebody ill 令某人不適
I think it was the heat that made me ill.
我想是高溫使我不舒服。
adverbs
seriously ill (=very ill) 病重的
Any seriously ill patients are usually sent to a state hospital.
重病患者一般都被送到州立醫院。
gravely ill formal (=extremely ill) 病得很重的
She went to visit her grandfather, who was gravely ill.
她去看望病重的祖父。
critically ill (=so ill that you might die) 病危的
He got news that his mother was critically ill in hospital.
他得到消息說母親在醫院病危。
terminally ill (=having a very serious illness that you will die from) 身患絕症的
nHe is terminally ill with cancer.
chronically ill (=having a long-term illness that cannot be cured and will not get better) 患慢性病的
nChronically ill patients often find it difficult to get travel insurance.
mentally ill (=having an illness of your mind) 患精神病的
nCaring for mentally ill people can be challenging.
 THESAURUS
ill [not before noun] especially British EnglishBrE suffering from a disease or not feeling well 生病的；不適的
Her mother is seriously ill in hospital.
她母親病重住院。
I woke up feeling really ill.
我醒來後感到很不舒服。
sick especially American EnglishAmE ill 生病的；感到不適的
She’s been sick with the flu.
她患了流感。
a sick child
生病的小孩
Dan got sick on vacation.
丹在度假時生病了。
not very well [not before noun] ill, but not seriously ill 身體不適
Sarah’s not very well – she has a throat infection.
薩拉身體有恙，她喉部感染。
unwell [not before noun] formal ill 生病的
The singer had been unwell for some time.
這個歌手身體抱恙有一段時間了。
nSymptoms include fever, aching muscles, and feeling generally unwell.
poorly [not before noun] British EnglishBrE spoken ill 身體不舒服的
Your grandmother’s been very poorly lately.
你祖母近來身體很不好。
in a bad way [not before noun] very ill because of a serious injury or disease 受重傷；患重病
You’d better call an ambulance – she looks like she’s in a bad way.
你最好打電話叫救護車，她看上去病得很重。
be off sick British EnglishBrE, be out sick American EnglishAmE to be not at work because of an illness 因病缺勤
Two teachers were off sick yesterday.
昨天有兩名教師生病沒來上課。
slightly ill 有點不舒服的，稍感不適的
under the weather (also off colour British EnglishBrE) [not before noun] informal slightly ill 身體不適
Sorry I haven’t called you – I’ve been a bit under the weather lately.
抱歉我沒給你打電話，最近我身體不太舒服。
You look a bit off colour – are you sure you’re OK?
你看上去不大舒服，你肯定自己沒事嗎？
run down [not before noun] feeling slightly ill and tired all the time, for example because you have been working too hard, or not eating well 〔因工作太累、飲食不好等〕感到疲憊的，感到虛弱的
Some people take extra vitamins if they are feeling run down.
有些人感到疲憊時就會補充些維生素。
often ill 經常生病的
in poor health unhealthy and often ill 健康狀況不佳
Chopin was already in poor health when he arrived on the island.
肖邦抵達島上時健康狀況已經很差了。
delicate weak and likely to become ill easily 身體虛弱的，體弱多病的
She was delicate and pale and frequently complained of headaches.
她身體虛弱，臉色蒼白，常常說自己頭痛。
He had a delicate constitution and throughout his adult life suffered from various illnesses.
他體質虛弱，成年後百病纏身。
sickly a sickly child is often ill 〔小孩〕多病的，體弱的
He was a sickly child and spent a lot of time at home on his own.
他是個體弱多病的孩子，很多時候都是獨自一人在家度過。
nHis younger daughter was sickly and died when she was young.
5 FREQUENCY 使用頻率
Examples from the Corpus
ill• The baby caught a virus and became critically ill.• Her makeup so unbelievably dramatic, so abnormal, she looked mentally ill.• Apparently Don's wife is seriously ill, and they think it might be cancer.• All that week, Catherine lay ill, drifting in and out of consciousness.• One civil servant has retired on ill health grounds and two downgraded.• Mentally ill patients have the same rights as anyone else.• psychological support for terminally ill patients• I felt helpless and despairing and suddenly so ill that I had to clutch at the door to stop myself falling.• Mel was so ill that she had to stay in bed for a month.
ill effects• On the other hand, there are ill effects:.• The birds that ate the new weights showed no ill effects.• These plants, part or all of which may cause ill effects, can all be found in this country.• Moceanu, showing no ill effects from the injury that threatened to keep her out of the Olympics, was efficient throughout.• The patient seems to be suffering no ill effects from the treatments.• For the ill effects of bruises and other mechanical trauma, after Arnica.• Academics whose research found ill effects of divorce on kids faced chilly receptions.• The nuclear industry, for its part, does not seem to enjoy publicising the ill effects of radiation in any form.• Brownell did pioneering research on the ill effects of yo-yo dieting.
ill2 adverbadv
1  somebody can ill afford (to do) something HARM/BE BAD FORto be unable to do or have something without making the situation you are in very difficult 某人難以承擔(做)某事的後果
I was losing weight which I could ill afford to lose.
我的體重在減輕，我已輕得不能再輕了。
Most gamblers can ill afford their habit.
大多數賭徒都承擔不起賭博這個惡習所帶來的後果。
Examples from the Corpus
somebody can ill afford (to do) something• Often it is something they can ill afford.• Surely it would be a drain on Party resources that it can ill afford.• The senator can ill afford another scandal.• If land is not suitable for efficient farming, we can ill afford it being used for inefficient agriculture.• There may be no alternative to leave of absence, even though the nurse can ill afford the loss of income.• Many of them are in fact very poor and can ill afford their habit.• Sotheby's can ill afford to have its auction prices called into question.• Yet it is an area which practitioners can ill afford to ignore.• It does not make sense to squander important resources that the nation can ill afford to lose.
2  think/speak ill of somebody formalUNPLEASANT to think or say unpleasant things about someone 對某人抱有惡感/說某人壞話
She really believes you should never speak ill of the dead.
她的確認爲絕不該說死者的壞話。
Examples from the Corpus
think/speak ill of somebody• You wish to think all the world respectable, and are hurt if I speak ill of any body.• But she never speaks ill of anyone.• The candidates clearly did not want to speak ill of each other during the campaign.• He spoke ill of me to his friends.• I know speaking ill of the dead and all that.• The Newleys' acquaintances spoke well of the dead in order to think ill of the living.• Surely it is better to speak ill of the dead than of the living.
3  bode ill formal to give you a reason to think that something bad will happen 是不好的預兆
The look on his face boded ill for somebody.
他的臉色對某人來說是不好的兆頭。
Examples from the Corpus
bode ill• Such ruthless distrust, she thought, boded ill.• A restrained virility that boded ill for anyone so incredibly foolish as to even think of challenging his authority.• The coincidence with union action boded ill for the survey; response rates to the questionnaire seemed likely to be very low.• This animosity boded ill for their future cooperation in East Prussia.• It bodes ill that Mr Major, two-and-a-half years into office, still feels on trial.
Examples from the Corpus
ill• The Crolgarian police are ill equipped for an investigation of this kind.• If so, it seems ill mannered at best.• We were ill-prepared to camp out in the snow.• The animals had been ill-treated by their owner.
ill3 noun
1  ills [plural]PROBLEM problems and difficulties 問題；困難
He wants to cure all the ills of the world.
他想消除世上所有的弊病。
Examples from the Corpus
ills• Voters are looking for fresh solutions to the nation's ills.
2  [uncountableU] formalHARM/BE BAD FOR harm, evil, or bad luck 傷害；邪惡；厄運
She did not like Matthew but she would never wish him ill.
她不喜歡馬修，但也絕不希望他倒黴。
Examples from the Corpus
ill• Tuesday's game had to be cancelled because of illness.• Even though I don't agree with him, I do not wish Baxter any ill.• That was the rich man's panacea for the litany of ills of the poor.• The Deputy Governor of Bullwood provided a comprehensive analysis of the system's ills before the Sub-Committee.• In the book, Godwin eloquently describes in words and photographs the ills our land is prey to.
ill- /ɪl/ prefix
badly or not enough 壞；不足
ill-concealed boredom
不加掩飾的厭煩
ill-formed sentences
結構不好的句子
Origin ill1
(1100-1200) Old Norse illr

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