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IELTS BNC: 383 COCA: 551

industry

Word family 
Related topics: Industry, Business
in·dus·try /ˈɪndəstri/ ●●● S2 W1 noun (plural industries)
1  [uncountableU]TI
a) the large-scale production of goods or of substances such as coal and steel 工业，制造业
This type of software is widely used in industry.
这种软件广泛应用于工业。
workers in manufacturing industry
制造业工人
b) TIthe people who work in industry 工业从业人员
an agreement that will be welcomed by both sides of industry (=employers and workers)
将受到劳资双方欢迎的协定
2  [countableC]TI businesses that produce a particular type of thing or provide a particular service 〔某一〕行业
I work in the oil industry.
我在石油行业工作。
Italy’s thriving tourist industry
意大利蓬勃发展的旅游业
3  [uncountableU] formal the fact of working hard 勤劳，勤奋
Gould is a man of great industry.
古尔德是一个很勤劳的人。
4  [singular]BWORK THAT somebody DOES an area of work which has grown too large – used to show disapproval 范围，领域，界〔指规模过大，含贬义〕
another book from the Shakespeare industry
庞杂的莎士比亚研究领域的又一部专著
 COLLOCATIONS – Meanings 1 & 2
ADJECTIVES/NOUN + industry
an important/major industry 重要/主要产业
Agriculture is still a major industry in Scotland.
在苏格兰农业仍是主要产业。
a thriving industry (=one that is doing very well) 兴盛的行业
Software development soon became a thriving industry in the area.
软件开发很快成了该地区兴旺的行业。
a growing industry 增长的行业
Tourism is a growing industry in many parts of the developing world.
旅游业是许多发展中国家迅速增长的行业。
a declining industry (=one that is doing badly) 衰落的行业
Coal and steel are declining industries in Britain.
英国的煤炭业和炼钢业在走下坡路。
manufacturing industry (=industries in which goods are produced in factories) 制造业
The last twenty years has seen a decline in manufacturing industry.
制造业在过去的20年里衰退了。
a service industry (=businesses that provide a service, such as banking and tourism) 服务行业
Most of the new jobs are in service industries.
新的工作岗位大部分都在服务行业。
heavy industry (=industries that involve the production of large goods) 重工业
Shipbuilding and other heavy industry developed in the north of Britain.
造船及其他重工业在英国北部发展起来。
light industry (=industries that involve the production of small goods) 轻工业
Jobs in light industry are increasing.
轻工业的工作岗位在增加。
modern industry 现代工业
Modern industry needs to be in places where there are good transport links.
现代工业需要地处交通便捷的地方。
a traditional industry (=an industry that has been in a particular area for a long time) 传统工业
The shipyards, the traditional industry in the northeast, had closed.
这些属于东北部传统工业的造船厂关闭了。
the coal/car/textile etc industry 煤炭工业/汽车工业/纺织工业等
The town was very dependant on the car industry.
该城镇很依赖汽车工业。
the agricultural/fishing industry 农业/渔业
nThere has been a decline in Britain’s fishing industry.
the tourist/travel industry 旅游业
nThe tourist industry earns billions of dollars per year.
the leisure/entertainment industry 休闲产业/娱乐业
nComputer technology has revolutionized the entertainment industry.
the film/music industry (=the work of producing films or music) 电影业/音乐产业
nShe would really like to work in the music industry.
verbs
an industry grows/expands 行业发展
The clothing industry grew rapidly during the 1960s.
世纪60年代制衣业快速发展。
an industry declines (=becomes less successful) 行业衰落
The shipping industry declined after World War II.
第二次世界大战后航运业衰落了。
develop an industry 发展某一行业
More investment is needed to develop new industries such as tourism.
发展诸如旅游业等新兴产业需要更多的投资。
damage an industry 损害某一行业
Financial scandals have damaged the industry in recent years.
近年来财务丑闻损害了这一行业。
nationalize an industry (=make it owned by the state) 将某行业国有化
nThe rail industry was nationalized in the 1950s, with disastrous results.
privatize an industry (=make it privately owned, rather than owned by the state) 将某行业私有化
nThe water industry was privatized in the 1980s.
regulate an industry (=control an industry so that it does not make unfair profits) 监管某行业
nA new agency was created to regulate the telecommunications industry.
industry + NOUN
an industry leader (=one of the most successful companies in a particular industry) 行业领头羊，行业领头企业
We are now a mature company and an industry leader.
我们现在是一家成熟的公司和行业领头羊。
industry experts (=people who know a lot about a particular industry) 行业专家
nIndustry experts expect house prices to rise.
industry analysts (=people who study a particular industry to see how it is developing) 行业分析师
nIndustry analysts are expecting profits to improve in the second half of the year.
phrases
a captain of industry (=someone who runs a large company and has a lot of influence) 业界巨头
He rose to be a great captain of industry.
他成为了不起的业界巨头。
trade and industry (=producing goods, and buying and selling them) 贸易和工业
He works for the Department of Trade and Industry.
他在工业与贸易署工作。
Examples from the Corpus
industry• the airline industry• Wages in the clothing industry were found to be lower than in any other sector.• Government money was poured into the economy in order to encourage industry.• The Ruhr valley has always been the centre of German heavy industry.• She was looking for a management position in industry.• The chemicals are widely used in industry as refrigerants.• Ireland is now a European center for light industry, like computer assembly.• Manufacturing industry was virtually wiped out in the UK during the 1980s.• The region has tried to attract new industry in order to reduce unemployment.• She has demonstrated a great deal of industry in finishing the project on time.• The government encourages the development of industry with tax breaks.• Many people moved from Asia to work in the British textile industry, where jobs were plentiful.• Miami's tourist industry
From Longman Business Dictionary
industryin·dus·try /ˈɪndəstri/ noun (plural industries)
1[uncountableU]MANUFACTURING the production of RAW MATERIALs (=basic materials used in manufacturing) and of goods
Growth in productivity has dropped, and the competitiveness of industry has declined.
2[uncountableU] the people and organizations that work in industry
an agreement that will be welcomed by both sides of industry (=employers and workers).
3[countableC]MANUFACTURINGCOMMERCEECONOMICS business that produce a particular type of thing or provide a particular service
He joined ICI after working in the retailing and banking industries.
the aircraft industry
the oil industry
→ basic industry → capital-intensive industry → cottage industry → declining industry → essential industry → extractive industry → growth industry → heavy industry → heritage industry → high-tech industry → infant industry → knowledge industry → labour-intensive industry → leisure industry → light industry → low-tech industry → manufacturing industry → mature industry → primary industry → regulated industry → secondary industry → service industry → smokestack industry → strategic industry → sunrise industry → sunset industry → tertiary industry
Origin industry
(1400-1500) Old French industrie “skill, work involving skill”, from Latin industria “willingness to work hard”

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