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- boracic 102
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- prostheses 68
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- glibber 132
- at fault 197
- Eel 117
- exchequer 244
- Studying 78
- possibility 1080
- housebreaking 78
- quits 124
- rotc 81
- dislocate 299
- submarine 803
- boombox 97
- finisher 105
- academy 802
- shading 140
- satisfy 763
- exalted 222
- dry land 197
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- carry on 320
- check in 288
- maidservant 113
- vibration 758
- notified 69
- spillage 143
- RESTRICT 278
- bear hug 250
- flat cap 176
- spinster 308
- Forecast 420
- nuptials 110
- artefact 318
- bermudas 84
- hooligan 143
- stricken 277
- Resource 480
- brushoff 86
- occulter 72
- innuendo 126
- bankrupt 293
- virginal 134
- lintless 70
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- ritziest 67
- legalise 102
- touch for 132
- intestine 200
- alter ego 210
- unrelated 340
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- put aside 397
- lifeblood 195
- nonverbal 295
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- inaugural 147
- creamiest 100
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- cross out 171
- plausible 470
- turpitude 136
- tobagonian 88
- Collective 280
- secondhand 140
- ghost town 187
- head-first 104
- soapflakes 126
- Performers 64
- tearjerker 120
- follicular 103
- go further 137
- half board 189
- inquiry 663
- abbreviate 562
- wealthiest 91
- travestied 57
- merseyside 103
- softener 118
- salmonella 121
- extricable 93
- farsighted 139
- courthouse 294
- penultimate 185
- Pedagogical 87
- Traffic jam 84
- traffic jam 96
- breakwater 312
- legionnaire 95
- choreograph 267
- exceedingly 569
- Palestinian 153
- rhetorician 133
- anglo-saxon 216
- confederate 226
- stonemason 128
- non-binding 119
- dengue fever 116
- rumourmonger 98
- snarkiest 72
- seamless 373
- Professionalism 133
- Congested 140
- ml 181
- start up 351
- patch 915
- downing-street 82
- Contradiction 122
- diktat 238
- do-it-yourself 166
- palladium 154
- workweek 110
- content 815
- credit crunch 213
- Demand 889
- winds 74
- of 241
- atm 186
- Ire 160
- adt 131
- hnc 126
- jury 738
- bvds 114
- Inch 374
- chugging 107
- inky 204
- Rove 183
- Rome 193
- Jewry 127
- Euro- 106
- Idiom 151
- drear 87
- Seems 120
- spine 167
- Plump 127
- hooty 66
- fixer 211
- quest 237
- gaudy 285
- often 420
- Often 301
- Snack 255
- batty 289
- Taboo 249
- cheap 495
- MINOR 151
- clump 340
- head count 151
- gimme 212
- wasted 324
- forage 347
- jocund 88
- Personification 140
- grade 540
- cash 847
- houseboy 116
- Jumpy 71
- beautify 395
- gaijin 146
- tauten 136
- cheesy 228
- airbed 132
- catchy 263
- ginned 78
- archer 179
- cordon 417
- fall into place 227
- reload 117
- Pirate 91
- bleach 229
- larvae 112
- result 1025
- gammon 210
- ritual 500
- twine 314
- pigpen 193
- cogent 350
- Extend 382
- Mayhem 313
- Bruise 171
- gainsay 183
- happen 814
- whisper 835
- recycle 222
- cocaine 281
- rebirth 214
- Bananas 147
- pay out 104
- odyssey 93
- grow on 118
- reentry 105
- lock up 158
- skittle 128
- tactful 347
- artiste 222
- mottled 268
- sissies 69
- bastion 231
- wriggle 190
- weather 490
- immoral 433
- cosiest 104
- thermo- 103
- crocheted 85
- smear 450
- populous 124
- outputting 74
- endearment 279
- ditch 681
- doubling 129
- sightlessly 131
- dry-cleaners 104
- earth 447
- function 812
- gazump 231
- sunlamp 197
- elephant 673
- archaeological 126
- perfect storm 178
- hath 116
- To make something more modern or fashionable 89
- Gaze 225
- verbs 76
- puppeteer 142
- abeyant 101
- authoritarian 300
- efficient 1062
- levellers 98
- get round to something 120
- the fair sex 152
- get around to 169
- tour of duty 84
- proceed against somebody 134
- breeding ground 205
- conversationalist 268
- proceed against 141
- down the line 27
- bed and board 151
- pros and cons 140
- Founding Fathers 137
- four-wheel drive 227
- bicarbonate-of-soda 202
- continental shelf 191
- none but somebody 34
- executive privilege 165
- blood and thunder 165
- worst-case 122
- distinguish yourself 115
- Sodom and Gomorrah 50
- under someone's sway 137
- Processes in computing 150
- irrespective of something 99
- at the flick of a switch 47
- blot something ↔ out 420
- somebody's bark is worse than their bite 58
- to continue for a particular amount of time 96
- Abundant 321
- selective 220
- smithy 126
- tastier 64
- restless 850
- distort 429
- reopen 374
- Manitoba 94
- Palette 27
- homogenize 126
- tint 230
- ghats 102
- conceptually 133
- Forgot 239
- declare 792
- Investigation 455
- trouser 227
- Prudential 92
- ill-treat 147
- stouthearted 102
- Adolescence 134
- Sanctuary 493
- fugue 177
- game reserve 188
- window frame 135
- loyalty card 155
- travel agent 128
- femme fatale 255
- for evermore 126
- cream cheese 196
- chili powder 144
- chicken wire 163
- witch doctor 128
- face flannel 114
- direct debit 192
- discipline 945
- landing gear 116
- French doors 238
- self-regulatory 224
- hors d'oeuvre 143
- get to know 42
- flying saucer 190
- factory floor 169
- birth control 228
- short circuit 131
- heavily built 101
- magic mushroom 159
- institutionalize 212
- institutionalise 108
- incomprehensible 406
- indispensable 896
- abattoir 274
- rage 1974
- Secular 206
- celestial 181
- stiffen 639
- observe 758
- postcard 157
- disable 756
- Disable 346
- secularize 100
- heir 706
- cake pan 168
- backbench 323
- abbreviated 615
- horizon 765
- microfilm 124
- elision 121
- Prostitution 2114
- bitumen 232
- tragicomic 62
- life saving 38
- chloroform 180
- property ladder 96
- seclusion 288
- exterminate 572
- radical 751
- strangulated 102
- autobiography 732
- paper round 91
- semi-precious 305
- play truant 51
- cut corners 94
- pretty much 167
- heartbreaking 144
- drift apart 57
- brain drain 208
- thick-skinned 128
- switch over 111
- martial law 85
- glue-sniffing 132
- prudential 100
- all-around 991
- twittersphere 100
- punishing 170
- shrink-wrapped 148
- indestructible 253
- gerrymandering 223
- hallucinogenic 165
- autobiographic 108
- vest 716
- Protect 351
- daunt 248
- unappetizing 189
- mythologies 60
- gusher 205
- ow 122
- black pepper 203
- starter 167
- abbess 148
- lighthearted 84
- forgive 780
- barley 273
- vaulty 58
- westbound 304
- Retool 248
- librettist 94
- retool 185
- go-slow 187
- powder 710
- countrified 233
- silvery 114
- economy class syndrome 152
- cairn 235
- Continuing for a specific amount of time 96
- unpardonable 122
- Irredeemable 293
- genealogy 269
- bird-watching 119
- intelligence 781
- geriatrics 242
- Interminable 358
- cuckoo clock 232
- endanger 530
- sensuous 127
- mainland 614
- housebreaker 155
- unobtainable 124
- turbocharger 312
- bird-watcher 149
- cageyness 191
- transference 149
- Endangerment 91
- congratulate 891
- unforgivable 155
- mockumentary 110
- remnant 381
- renounce 497
- curry powder 226
- deviation 485
- orchestrate 403
- operator 820
- uppercut 124
- overcrowding 140
- flammable 371
- bad hair day 212
- conservatism 257
- imprinting 80
- football pools 126
- Houston 117
- dualist 140
- toy 672
- Infection 371
- horrifies 72
- throwing 58
- unaware 363
- serbian 116
- alarmist 304
- brownish 129
- Be cursed with 63
- Food 341
- whine 476
- Whine 53
- earn 847
- brilliance 250
- athlete 737
- stilted 135
- knew 121
- intensity 776
- newport 100
- invented 72
- deserve 915
- cancellable 88
- chamber pot 209
- undeveloped 95
- stability 709
- non-aligned 123
- intravenous 263
- emancipated 180
- byzantinism 102
- vindicate 464
- counterpart 397
- teaspoon 250
- Collaborate 388
- pretentious 308
- Blockbuster 347
- development 715
- Painstaking 114
- Deteriorate 177
- inhabit 783
- Proposition 183
- teetotaller 153
- abnormality 286
- pentathlon 116
- Afghanistan 131
- after-effect 205
- round trip 165
- intermittent 437
- gear stick 228
- front line 249
- steel wool 110
- eye shadow 229
- elderberry 249
- reductionism 100
- clingy 288
- brick-built 116
- thin 580
- stoic 187
- share a platform 58
- fancied 104
- bio- 271
- chaise 152
- lose sight of 87
- efficiency 888
- kleptomaniac 112
- Supremacist 173
- mail 255
- states 111
- luxuriate 225
- yarmulke 241
- minutiae 209
- Playwright 144
- syncopative 68
- herd 737
- semestrial 64
- boxed 229
- revisit 255
serious
Word family
se·ri·ous /ˈsɪəriəs $ ˈsɪr-/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj
1 situation/problem 情況/問題SERIOUS SITUATION a serious situation, problem, accident etc is extremely bad or dangerous 〔情況、問題、事故等〕嚴重的
the serious problem of unemployment
嚴重的失業問題
Luckily, the damage was not serious.
還好，損壞不算嚴重。
Serious crimes have increased dramatically.
重大犯罪案件大幅度增加了。
serious injury/illness/accident etc
a serious accident on the freeway
高速公路上的一宗嚴重事故
Oil spills pose a serious threat to marine life.
原油洩漏對海洋生物構成了嚴重威脅。
The president was in serious trouble.
總統遇到大麻煩了。
2 important 重要的IMPORTANT important and needing a lot of thought or attention 重要的，重大的；嚴肅的
This is a very serious matter.
這是件很重要的事情。
the serious business of earning a living
謀生這種正經事
Be quiet, Jim. This is serious.
安靜，吉姆，這事很重要。
3 not joking or pretending 不是開玩笑或假裝的SERIOUS/NOT JOKING if someone is serious about something they say or plan to do, they really mean it and are not joking or pretending 〔所說的話或打算做的事〕認真的，嚴肅的
His voice suddenly became more serious.
他的語氣突然變得認真起來。
a serious article
嚴肅的文章
serious about
Is she serious about giving up her job?
她要辭職是認真的嗎？
deadly/dead serious (=definitely not joking) 絕對認真的
She sounded dead serious.
她的語氣絕對認真。
Marry Frank? You can’t be serious!
嫁給弗蘭克？你不是認真的吧！
4 CAREFUL 認真的serious attention/consideration/thought careful and thorough attention etc 認真的注意/考慮/思考
I’ll give your suggestion serious consideration.
我會認真考慮你的建議。
Examples from the Corpus
serious attention/consideration/thought• Book publishing is another important aspect of the print media to which private organisations and the government should pay serious attention.• Dangerous goods and perishable goods are two examples of operational specializations worth serious consideration.• It does not mean that money has to rule, but it is a necessary and serious consideration.• The concept of interleague play in major league baseball is certainly intriguing, worthy of serious consideration.• It was high time she got down to serious thought about her doctorate.• But little serious thought has been given to this problem.• A more serious consideration to my mind is the continued quotation of Ingard shares on the Stock Exchange.• The fact is that I had already begun to give serious consideration to the possibility of doing away with Dennis Parsons.
5 quiet/sensible 嚴肅的SERIOUS PERSON someone who is serious is very quiet and sensible, and does not laugh and joke much 嚴肅的，不苟言笑的
a serious student
嚴肅的學生
6 worried/unhappy 憂慮的/不愉快的WORRIEDSAD/UNHAPPY slightly worried or unhappy 擔心的，不愉快的
You look serious. What’s wrong?
你看上去心事重重的，出了什麽事？
7 romantic relationship 戀愛關系FAITHFUL a serious romantic relationship is likely to continue for a long time 認真的
It’s serious – they’ve been seeing each other for six months.
這是認真的，他們約會已經有六個月了。
serious about
Are you really serious about her?
你對她的確是認真的嗎？
serious boyfriend/girlfriend 認真交往的男友/女友
8 sport/activity 體育運動/活動 [only before noun]ENTHUSIASTIC very interested in an activity or subject, and spending a lot of time doing it 極感興趣的，熱衷的
He’s become a serious golfer since he retired.
他自從退休以後就很熱衷打高爾夫球。
Chris is a serious photographer.
克裏斯是個熱衷攝影的人。
9 very good 非常好的 [only before noun] informalGOOD/EXCELLENT very good and often expensive 很好的，質優價高的
He’s got a serious car!
他有一輛很棒的汽車！
10 large amount 大量 [only before noun] informalLOT/LARGE NUMBER OR AMOUNT used to emphasize that you are talking about a large amount of something 大量的
In industry, you can earn serious money.
做産業能賺大錢。
n COLLOCATIONS
nouns
a serious problem
Vandalism is a serious problem in the area.
a serious injury/illness
The driver was taken to hospital with serious injuries.
a serious accident
He is recovering from a serious accident.
serious damage
The explosion sparked a fire which caused serious damage to their flat.
a serious threat
In the developed world, over-consumption is now a serious threat to health.
a serious crime/offence
Kidnapping is a serious crime.
serious trouble
The economy was in serious trouble.
serious consequences
Neglecting to make a proper will can have serious consequences.
THESAURUS
very bad 非常嚴重
serious very bad – used about problems, accidents, illnesses, or crimes 〔問題、事故、疾病或罪行〕嚴重的,重大的
Violent crime is a serious problem in and around the capital.
暴力犯罪是首都及其周邊地區的一個重大問題。
The boy was taken to hospital with serious head injuries.
男孩頭部嚴重受傷,被送往醫院。
Fortunately, the damage to the car was not serious.
幸運的是,車子損壞得並不厲害。
severe very serious – used about problems, injuries, and illnesses 〔問題、傷勢或疾病〕非常嚴重的
He suffered severe injuries in a car crash.
他在一場車禍中受了重傷。
The problem became so severe that they had to bring water in from other countries.
問題變得非常嚴重,他們只得從其他國家運水進來。
severe epilepsy
嚴重癫痫
grave used about a situation that is very serious and worrying, especially because it is dangerous or seems likely to get worse 〔形勢〕嚴重的,嚴峻的
A thick fog descended and I knew that we were in grave danger.
濃霧突然降臨,我便知道我們遇到了極大的危險。
The situation is grave – war now seems inevitable.
形勢很嚴峻——戰爭現在似乎是不可避免了。
acute used about an illness, problem, or situation that has become very serious or dangerous, and needs to be dealt with quickly 〔疾病、問題或形勢〕嚴重的；緊急的
She was taken to the hospital suffering from acute appendicitis.
她因爲急性闌尾炎被送到了醫院。
In San Diego, the shortage of skilled workers is acute.
在聖叠戈,熟練工人嚴重短缺。
desperate used about a situation or problem that is very serious or dangerous, especially because a lot of people need urgent help 〔形勢或問題〕危急的,極其嚴重的
The situation is desperate – people here need aid before the harsh winter sets in.
形勢非常危急——這裏的人們在嚴冬來臨之前就需要得到援助。
The hospital is full of people in desperate need of medical attention.
醫院裏人滿爲患,都急需救治。
critical used about a situation that is very serious and dangerous and might get worse suddenly 〔形勢〕危急的
In 1991, the food supply situation became critical.
1991年,食物供應形勢嚴峻。
Eight people were killed and four are still in a critical condition.
八人死亡,四人依然傷勢嚴重。
life-threatening used about a situation, illness, or condition in which someone could die 〔形勢、疾病或狀況〕危及生命的,威脅生命的
Her child had a potentially life-threatening illness.
她的孩子患了一種有潛在生命危險的疾病。
The situation was not life-threatening, but it was very worrying.
形勢不至於危及生命,但是非常令人擔憂。
be a matter of life and death spoken to be extremely serious – used when a situation is very urgent or important 是關乎生死的事
not joking 不是開玩笑For people living with HIV, getting the right treatment is literally a matter of life and death.
對於艾滋病病毒攜帶者來說,能不能得到適當的治療真是關乎生死的事。
serious not joking or laughing, or not pretending 嚴肅的,認真的
His voice sounded serious.
他語氣嚴肅。
They seem to be serious about their relationship.
他們的關系似乎是認真的。
solemn very serious because of an important or sad occasion or ceremony 莊重的,嚴肅的〔因爲在重要或傷心的場合或儀式上〕
My father looked solemn, the way grown-ups look at funerals.
父親一臉莊重,就是大人們在葬禮上的那種表情。
The judge read the verdict in a solemn voice.
法官語氣鄭重地宣讀了判決。
grave written quiet and very serious – used especially about the way people look when something important or worrying happens 〔尤指面臨重要或令人擔心的事情時〕嚴肅的,凝重的
She consulted Doctor Staples and returned looking grave.
她找斯特普爾斯醫生看過了,回來時一臉嚴肅。
He listened with a grave expression on his face.
他一臉凝重地聽着。
sombre British EnglishBrE (also somber American EnglishAmE) /ˈsɒmbə $ ˈsɑːmbər/ written sad, quiet, or serious because something unpleasant or worrying has happened or is going to happen 因爲已經發生或即將發生不好或令人擔心的事〕憂鬱的,嚴肅的
They sat in sombre silence.
他們一言不發地坐着,氣氛凝重。
The meeting began in a sombre mood.
會議在嚴肅的氣氛中開場。
earnest very serious and sincere – often used about someone who is young and not very experienced 〔常指涉世不深的年輕人〕誠摯的,認真的
He was a rather earnest-looking young man.
他是一個相當誠懇的年輕人。
‘That’s wrong, ’ she said, her voice sounding very earnest.
“那是不對的。”她說,語氣非常認真。
Examples from the Corpus
serious• JJ and Chuck seemed pretty serious.• Laura was always very serious about her work.• The band are only young, but they're very serious about their music.• We both chuckled for a second, then got serious again.• Violent crime is a serious and growing problem throughout the country.• Friends described him as a serious and thoughtful man.• Paying serious attention to public opinion is a recent phenomenon.• All the other people in the office seemed to have a very serious attitude towards their work.• He's always serious, but he still makes me laugh.• Ben's been involved in a serious car accident.• We'll give your point serious consideration.• The recent storms have caused serious damage.• The climbers got into serious difficulties and had to be air-lifted to safety.• My brother is a serious golfer.• The boy was taken to hospital with serious head injuries.• A pregnancy undertaken at a time of serious illness or death of a family member will bear added stress.• All were treated at Seattle's Harborview Medical Center, five of them for serious injuries, a spokeswoman said.• One scored a direct hit but, despite being showered with glass, there were no serious injuries.• First, because markets are imperfect in various ways they will tolerate serious levels of inefficiency.• I must admit I find the serious newspapers rather boring.• I've just had a serious phone call.• Violent crime is a serious problem in and around the capital.• I have serious reservations about the power supply being installed inside the box, it really isn't safe enough.• That's a pretty serious Swiss Army knife.• Unfortunately it was more serious than that.• Stahl is serious, well educated, obedient, ambitious, and keeps his sense of humor out of sight.• In the last two weeks, the situation has become more serious, with riots and strikes spreading across the country.• At school we had to read works by serious writers like Shakespeare and Milton.
serious injury/illness/accident etc• But no complaints: up to now, I have never had a serious illness.• But there is nothing to offer those with more serious illnesses.• Police reported a number of minor incidents but no further serious accidents.• All were treated at Seattle's Harborview Medical Center, five of them for serious injuries, a spokeswoman said.• Both occupants escaped serious injury but aircraft is a write-off.• Following a serious illness in 1744 she came to regard herself as sinful.• But it could mean the difference between financial security and financial disaster for you and your family should a serious accident strike.• It followed the discovery of a package that could have caused serious injury, writes Audrey Gillan.
serious matter• Mr. Howard I agree that it is a serious matter.• The upset and damage which has been caused to us by these articles is an extremely serious matter.• This is a very serious matter.• This was clearly a serious matter.• Inquiry is a serious matter and should be done boldly, whether applied to innovation or ponderous theoretical matter.• The loss of potential output resulting-from involuntary unemployment is clearly a serious matter for an economy.• A politicized game is made out of serious matters to scholars and the field.
serious about• Be serious about art, but joke a little about everything else.• Engelstad said lenders are urged to work with borrowers who are serious about keeping the mortgage.• If she is serious about knitting for other people she must do four things.• If you are serious about meeting your goals, telling the world in clear and certain terms will help you meet them.• The tabloids would never describe themselves as completely serious but we are serious about serious news.• I knew no girls who were serious about sports.• The business community is also seeking reassurance that Labor is serious about tackling inflation.• New York can't be serious about this.
serious about• People in France are very serious about their food.• Stella, you aren't serious about this boy?• Look, I know you're not really serious about visiting, so quit pretending.
serious money• Bricks and mortar used to much more than a sound investment - it was the best way to make serious money.• It is all about serious money.• Most have a core of solid businesses that ensure that at least parts of the firm are making serious money.• Or should they hang on in the hope that these assets will soon be worth serious money?• This was money, serious money.• To serious money and serious business, however, all this was anathema.• Judging by its state-of-the-art studios, the owners have put some serious money into NewsTalk.
(1400-1500) French sérieux, from Late Latin seriosus, from Latin serius
se·ri·ous adjectiveadj →n COLLOCATIONS1 →THESAURUS1
LDOCE Online
Syllable
Corpus
adjective¹
adjective²
serious adj.
⇨ serious 1 (a serious problem) ⇨ serious 2 (a serious person) ⇨ serious 3 (a serious newspaper) serious 1 a serious problem/illness 嚴重的問題／疾病 a serious person/mood/expression 嚴肅的人／氣氛／表情 a serious debate/newspaper 嚴肅的辯論／報紙 serious ♦︎ severe ♦︎ extreme ♦︎ critical ♦︎ grave ♦︎ acute ♦︎ drastic ♦︎ desperate ♦︎ dire ♦︎ bad ♦︎ life-threatening These words all describe things and situations that involve or cause harm or damage to sb/sth. 這些詞均表示嚴重的、危急的。 SYNONYM SCALE 詞義標尺 下圖顯示這些詞所表達嚴重的程度
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a serious / a severe / a critical / a grave / an acute / a desperate / a bad / a life-threatening problem ◆ a serious / a severe / an extreme / a critical / an acute / a desperate / a dire shortage ◆ serious / severe / extreme / grave / acute danger ◆ a serious / a severe / a grave / a dire threat ◆ serious / severe / extreme / acute / desperate / dire poverty ◆ a serious / an extreme / a critical / an acute / a desperate / a dire need ◆ serious / grave / drastic / dire / bad consequences ◆ a serious / a severe / a critical / a grave / an acute / a life-threatening illness ◆ a serious / a severe / an acute / a life-threatening disease ◆ a serious / a severe / a grave / an acute / a bad / a life-threatening injury ◆ a serious / a severe / an acute / a life-threatening infection ◆ a serious / a severe / an acute / a bad attack / bout ◆ particularly serious / severe / extreme / grave / acute / dire / bad◆ very / extremely serious / severe / grave / acute / bad■ serious unpleasant or dangerous; that involves or might cause harm or damage to sb/sth 嚴重的；有危險的；可能造成傷害（或損傷）的 ◆ The storm caused serious damage to farm buildings.暴風雨給農場建築物造成了嚴重破壞。 ◆ They pose a serious threat to security.他們對安全構成了嚴重威脅。 ◆ The consequences could be serious.後果可能是嚴重的。 OPP minor ⇨ minor seriousness ⇨ importance ▸ seriously ◆ Smoking can seriously damage your health.吸煙會嚴重損害你的健康。 ■ severe very serious 十分嚴重的；極爲惡劣的 ◆ The victim suffered severe brain damage.受害人的大腦損傷十分嚴重。 ◆ The bridge has been closed due to severe weather conditions.由於惡劣的天氣情況，這座大橋關閉了。 ◆ Strikes are causing severe disruption to all train services.罷工給所有鐵路服務造成嚴重影響。 OPP minor ⇨ minor , mild ⇨ gentle ▸ severely ◆ Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished.違法者將受到嚴懲。 ▸ severity sɪˈverəti [uncountable ] ◆ The chances of a full recovery will depend on the severity of her injuries.能否徹底康複取決於她受傷的嚴重程度。 NOTE 辨析 Severe is most often used to describe medical conditions and weather conditions. Serious is not used to describe weather conditions. * severe最常用於描述疾病狀況或天氣情況，serious則不用於描述天氣情況 ◆ serious weather ◆ a serious winter Serious is used to describe medical conditions in everyday English, but in medical English severe is used. 在日常用語中用serious描述病情，但在醫學用語中用severe ◆ a serious illness嚴重的疾病 ◆ severe learning difficulties嚴重學習障礙 ■ extreme (of a situation or action) not ordinary or usual; serious or severe （局勢或行爲）異乎尋常的，嚴重的 ◆ Children will be removed from their parents only in extreme circumstances .只有在極端情況下才會讓孩子離開父母。 ◆ Don't go doing anything extreme like leaving the country.不要做出諸如離開國家之類的極端行爲。 ◆ It was the most extreme example of cruelty to animals I had ever seen.這是我見過的最嚴重的虐待動物的事例。 ◆ extreme weather conditions極端惡劣的天氣情況 extreme ⇨ maximum ■ critical (formal ) serious, uncertain and possibly dangerous 嚴重的；不穩定的；可能有危險的 ◆ The first 24 hours after the operation are the most critical.病人手術後24小時是最危險的。 ◆ (BrE One of the victims of the fire remains in a critical condition .一名火災受害者依然病情危急。 ◆ (NAmE One of the victims remains in critical condition .其中一名受害者依然病情危急。 ◆ This is a critical moment in our country's history.這是我國歷史上的危急關頭。 ⓘ Critical illness and condition to describe medical situations in which there is a possibility that the patient may not survive. Critical is also often used with words relating to time such as moment, period, phase, point, stage, time and years to talk about a time during which an important situation could end in failure or success. * critical常與illness和condition連用，指病人生命危在旦夕。critical也常與有關時間的詞連用，如moment、period、phase、point、stage、time和years，指勝敗存亡攸關的時刻。 ▸ critically ◆ He is critically ill in hospital.他病得很重，住院了。 ■ grave (formal ) very serious and important; giving you a reason to feel worried 嚴重的；嚴峻的；深切的 ◆ I fear you are making a very grave mistake.恐怕你正在犯一個嚴重錯誤。 ◆ The police have expressed grave concern about the missing child's safety.警方對失蹤孩子的安全深表關切。 ◆ We were in grave danger.我們處於極大的危險之中。 ⓘ Grave error, mistake, offence and violation to talk about things that people do wrong. Grave is also used with words like concern, doubt, misgivings, reservations, suspicions and worries to talk about strong feelings that people have when they are worrying about sth. When grave is used to talk about situations, it is often used with such words as consequences, danger, implications, problems, risk and threat . * grave可與error、mistake、offence和violation等詞連用，指嚴重的錯誤。grave也可與concern、 doubt、misgiving、reservation、suspicion和worry等詞連用，指對某事深切的擔憂。grave還常與consequence、danger、implication、problem、risk和threat等詞連用，表示情況嚴峻。 gravity ⇨ importance ▸ gravely ◆ Local people are gravely concerned.當地人都深感不安。 ■ acute əˈkjuːt (formal ) very serious or severe 十分嚴重的 ◆ The scandal was an acute embarrassment for the President.這樁醜聞使總統處於極度難堪的境地。 ◆ Competition for jobs is acute.求職競爭非常激烈。 ⓘ An acute illness is one that has quickly become severe and dangerous. * acute形容疾病時表示急性的 ◆ He was suffering from acute chest pains.他患了急性胸痛。 OPP chronic A chronic illness or problem is one that lasts for a long time and is difficult to cure or get rid of. * chronic表示疾病是慢性的，難以治愈，或問題長期存在，難以根除 ◆ chronic bronchitis / arthritis / asthma慢性支氣管炎／關節炎／哮喘 ◆ the country's chronic unemployment problem該國長期存在的失業問題 ▸ acutely ◆ She suddenly felt acutely embarrassed.她突然感到極其尴尬。 ■ drastic (especially of an action) extreme in a way that has a sudden, serious or violent effect on sth （尤指行爲）極端的，急劇的，嚴厲的，猛烈的 ◆ The government is threatening to take drastic action .政府警告說要采取斷然措施。 ◆ Talk to me before you do anything drastic.你采取激烈行動之前要跟我商量。 ▸ drastically ◆ Output has been drastically reduced.産量已急劇下降。 ◆ Things have started to go drastically wrong.情況開始變得完全失控。 ■ desperate ˈdespərət extremely serious or dangerous 極嚴重的；極危險的；很危急的 ◆ The children are in desperate need of love and attention.這些孩子非常需要愛和關懷。 ◆ They face a desperate shortage of clean water.他們面臨潔淨水的嚴重短缺。 ⓘ Desperate * desperate用於談論人們急需某物的情況。 ▸ desperately ◆ She felt desperately in need of human company.她非常想有個人做伴。 ■ dire ˈdaɪə(r) [usually before noun ] (especially BrE , formal ) extremely serious 極其嚴重的；危急的 ◆ They were living in dire poverty.他們生活赤貧。 ◆ The firm is in dire straits (= in a very difficult situation) and may go bankrupt.該公司已陷入極度困境之中，可能會破産。 ⓘ Dire in dire straits . * dire不指病情嚴重。在美式英語中該詞僅用在短語in dire straits中。 ■ bad (informal , spoken ) serious; severe 嚴重的；劇烈的 ◆ The engagement was a bad mistake.這婚約是個嚴重錯誤。 ◆ It was a very bad winter that year.那年冬天極爲寒冷。 ◆ My headache is getting worse.我頭痛得越來越厲害了。 ⓘ Bad * bad可用於表示許多不愉快的情況，但不修飾危險或緊急情況。該詞很不正式，尤用於口語中。在正式或書面用語中，最好選用本組詞匯中的其他詞語。 ▸ badly ◆ The building is badly in need of repair.這棟大樓急需維修。 ■ ˈlife-threatening that is likely to kill sb 可能致命的；威脅生命的 ◆ His heart condition is not life-threatening.他的心髒病不會危及生命。 ◆ Aid workers are having to deal with very difficult, sometimes life-threatening situations.救援人員不得不應對一些艱難的情況，有時可能會威脅生命。 ⓘ Life-threatening * life-threatening用於修飾病情及可能發生意外事故的危險情況。 serious 2 a serious problem/illness 嚴重的問題／疾病 a serious person/mood/expression 嚴肅的人／氣氛／表情 a serious debate/newspaper 嚴肅的辯論／報紙 serious ♦︎ grave ♦︎ earnest ♦︎ sombre ♦︎ solemn ♦︎ sober ♦︎ humourless These words all describe sb who thinks and behaves carefully and sensibly, but often without much joy or laughter. 這些詞均表示人嚴肅的、認真的、莊嚴的。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a serious / a grave / an earnest / a sombre / a solemn / a sober expression ◆ a serious / a grave / an earnest / a solemn / a sober face ◆ a serious / sombre / solemn / sober mood / atmosphere ◆ on a serious / sombre / sober note ◆ very serious / grave / earnest / sombre / solemn / sober■ serious thinking about things in a careful and sensible way; not laughing about sth 嚴肅的；穩重的；不苟言笑的 ◆ He's not really a very serious person.他並非真的很嚴肅。 ◆ Suddenly the conversation turned serious.突然談話變得嚴肅起來。 ◆ Be serious for a moment; this is important.嚴肅點兒，這件事很重要。 OPP light-hearted ⇨ funny ▸ seriously ◆ You need to think seriously about your next career move.你需要認真考慮一下自己事業的下一步發展。 ◆ They're no help at all－they're refusing to take the problem seriously .他們根本幫不上忙－他們沒拿這個問題當回事。 ■ grave (formal , written ) (of a person) serious in manner, as if sth sad, important or worrying has just happened （人）嚴肅的，表情沉重的 ◆ He looked very grave as he entered the room.他進屋時表情非常嚴肅。 ▸ gravely ◆ He nodded gravely as I poured out my troubles.我傾訴苦惱時他表情沉重地點了點頭。 ■ earnest ˈɜːnɪst; NAmE ˈɜːrnɪst (formal ) serious and sincere 認真的；真誠的 ◆ The earnest young doctor answered all our questions.那年輕醫生非常認真，回答了我們所有的問題。 ◆ I could tell that she spoke in earnest (= seriously and sincerely) .我看得出她說那話時是認真的。 ■ sombre (BrE (NAmE somber ˈsɒmbə(r); NAmE ˈsɑːmbər (written ) sad and serious 陰鬱的；陰沉的 ◆ The year had ended on a sombre note (= in a sombre way) .那一年在陰沉的氣氛中結束了。 ◆ Her expression grew sombre.她的表情變得憂鬱起來。 ■ solemn ˈsɒləm; NAmE ˈsɑːləm (formal ) looking or sounding very serious, without smiling; done or said in a very serious and sincere way 表情嚴肅的；莊嚴的；嚴正的；鄭重的 ◆ She looked at the solemn faces of the children.她望着孩子們表情嚴肅的臉。 ◆ You have all taken a solemn oath of loyalty to your country.你們都已莊嚴宣誓忠於自己的祖國。 ◆ I made a solemn promise that I would return.我鄭重承諾過我會回來的。 ▸ solemnly ◆ He nodded solemnly.他鄭重地點了點頭。 ■ sober ˈsəʊbə(r); NAmE ˈsoʊbər (formal , written ) serious and sensible 持重的；冷靜的 ◆ On sober reflection (= after thinking about it seriously) I have decided to drop the case.冷靜思考之後，我決定撤訴。 ■ humourless (BrE (NAmE humorless (disapproving ) too serious and seeming unable to make jokes or to recognize when sth is amusing 無幽默感的 ◆ He gave a short, humourless laugh (= a laugh that does not express any amusement) .他幹巴巴地笑了一聲。 serious 3 a serious problem/illness 嚴重的問題／疾病 a serious person/mood/expression 嚴肅的人／氣氛／表情 a serious debate/newspaper 嚴肅的辯論／報紙 serious ♦︎ deep ♦︎ profound These are all words that describe sth that needs or shows careful thought and attention. 這些詞均表示深奧的、艱深的、須認真思考的。 PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配 ◆ a serious / deep / profound question / issue / analysis ◆ a serious / deep conversation / discussion ◆ a deep / profound understanding / insight ■ serious needing or showing careful thought and attention; not only for pleasure 須認真思考的；嚴肅的 ◆ This book is the first serious study of the subject.這本書是針對該主題的首次認真研究。 ◆ Please give this matter some serious thought.請認真考慮這個問題。 ◆ Why do you waste your time reading that? It's hardly a serious newspaper, is it?你爲什麽要浪費時間讀那種東西呢？它算不上是嚴肅報紙，不是嗎？ ▸ seriously ◆ The research group's findings need to be considered seriously.該研究小組的發現需要認真對待。 ■ deep showing a lot of knowledge or understanding; difficult to understand 淵博的；深刻的；深奧的；難懂的 ◆ None of the insights contained in the book were particularly deep.這本書中的見解都不特别深刻。 ◆ (humorous or ironic ) This discussion is getting too deep for me.這種討論越來越深奧，我都聽不懂了。 depth ⇨ understanding ▸ deeply ◆ I was young then and had never thought very deeply about anything.那時我還小，從來沒有深思過什麽事情。 ■ profound prəˈfaʊnd (formal ) showing a lot of knowledge or understanding; needing a lot of study of thought 知識淵博的；理解深刻的；艱深的；玄奧的 ◆ Her book offers some profound insights into the nature of suffering.她的書提出了一些有關痛苦本質的精辟見解。 NOTE 辨析 Profound is more formal than deep . Deep is sometimes used in a slightly humorous or ironic way to suggest that a comment or discussion may not in fact be as serious and important as it seems. * profound比deep更正式些。有時deep會略帶幽默或諷刺的口吻，暗示評論或討論實際上並不像看上去那麽嚴肅和重要。
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| serious | ➔ | severe | ➔ | extreme |
| critical | grave | drastic | ||
| bad | acute | desperate | ||
| dire | ||||
| life-threatening |
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serious
Dangerous or harmful: dangerous, harmful, disastrous...
Making you feel worried: serious, severe, grave...
Serious, severe and extreme: serious, severe, extreme...
Important: important, major, key...
Serious and humourless: serious, humourless, substantial...
Careful and cautious: careful, cautious, thorough...
Feeling worried and nervous: worried, nervous, upset...
Words used to describe relations and relationships: acquainted, a hungry mouth (to feed), an old friend/ally/enemy etc...
Involved in something: concerned, active, involved...
Determined and ambitious: determined, ambitious, persistent...
Words used to describe large amounts and quantities: substantial, considerable, extensive...
The quality of being serious or without humour: solemnity, gravity, gravitas...
The quality of being serious, severe or extreme: severity, gravity, extremity...
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