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IELTS BNC: 554 COCA: 710

common

Word family 
com·mon1 /ˈkɒmən $ ˈkɑː-/ ●●● S1 W1 adjectiveadj
1  happening often 經常發生的COMMON happening often and to many people or in many places 常見的，普遍的 OPP rare
Heart disease is one of the commonest causes of death.
心髒病是最常見的死因之一。
common among
Bad dreams are fairly common among children.
小孩做噩夢是很常見的。
it’s common for somebody to do something
It’s common for new fathers to feel jealous of the baby.
剛做爸爸的人忌妒自己的寶寶是很常見的。
Don’t say ‘It is common that ... ’ Say ‘It is common for ... ’
不要說 ‘It is common that...’. 而要說 ‘It is common for ... ’
It is common for children to be afraid (NOT It is common that children are afraid) of the dark.
兒童怕黑是很常見的。
► see thesaurus at normal
2  a lot 大量的 existing in large numbers 大量的，常見的 OPP rare
Daisies are very common flowers.
雛菊是很常見的花。
3  same/similar 相同的/類似的 [usually before noun, no comparative]SAME common aims, beliefs, ideas etc are shared by several people or groups 〔目的、信仰、思想等〕共同的
people working towards a common goal
朝着共同的目標努力的人們
countries that share a common language
說同一種語言的國家
common to
a theme that is common to all her novels
她所有小說中的共同主題
4  common ground facts, features, or beliefs that are shared by people or things that are very different 〔有分歧的人或不同事物的實際情況、特征或信仰等的〕共同基礎，共同的立場
common ground between
There is a great deal of common ground between management and trade unions on this issue.
在這個問題上勞資雙方有很多觀點是一致的。
Examples from the Corpus
common ground• Democrats and Republicans did find some common ground in the debates about privacy.
5  shared by everyone 大家所共有的 [no comparative]EVERYONE belonging to or shared by everyone in a society 〔社會〕共有的，公共的
common to
These problems are common to all societies.
這些問題是所有社會的通病。
Joe was chosen as captain by common consent (=with everyone’s agreement).
大家一致同意選喬爲隊長。
6  common knowledge something everyone knows 衆所周知的事，常識
It is common knowledge that travel broadens the mind.
旅行能開闊眼界，這是衆所周知的。
Examples from the Corpus
common knowledge• Laura's drinking problem was common knowledge throughout the department.
7  the common good the advantage of everyone 共同的利益
They work together for the common good.
他們爲了共同的利益一起努力。
Examples from the Corpus
the common good• Drunk-driving laws were made for the common good.• The government creates laws for the common good.
8  common practice USUALLYa usual or accepted way of doing things 慣例
It was common practice for families to attend church together.
全家人一起去做禮拜是慣例。
Examples from the Corpus
common practice• Today it is common practice to let children choose their own topics for writing.
9  ordinary 普通的 [only before noun, no comparative]ORDINARY ordinary and not special in any way 普通的，平凡的
common salt
食鹽
The 20th century was called the century of the common man (=ordinary people).
20世紀被稱爲普羅大衆的世紀。
He insists that he is a revolutionary, not a common criminal.
他堅持說自己是個革命者，而不是普通的罪犯。
10  common courtesy/decency/politeness POLITEa polite way of behaving that you expect from people 通常的禮貌[禮節]
It would be common courtesy to return their hospitality.
回報他們的盛情是起碼的禮節。
11  common or garden British EnglishBrE ordinary 普通的，一般的 SYN American English garden-variety
a common or garden dispute
一般的糾紛
12  make/find common cause (with/against somebody) formal to join with other people or groups in order to achieve something 〔爲達到某種目的〕聯合（某人/對付某人）
France and Russia made common cause against Britain.
法國和俄國聯合起來反對英國。
13  common touch ORDINARYthe ability of someone in a position of power or authority to talk to and understand ordinary people – used to show approval 平易近人的品質〔含褒義〕
He’s made it to the top without losing the common touch.
他雖已晉升高位，卻依然平易近人。
Examples from the Corpus
common touch• Wilson's critics say his handling of the deal shows he has lost his common touch.
14. social class 社會階層 British EnglishBrE old-fashioned an offensive word used for describing someone from a low social class 粗鄙的，劣等的〔形容下層社會成員的冒犯用語〕
 THESAURUS
common if something is common, there are a lot of them 常見的，普遍的
Jones is a very common name in Great Britain.
“瓊斯”在英國是一個很常見的名字。
Foxes are common in the area.
這個地區狐狸很多。
nPersonal computers are nearly as common in American homes as televisions.
widespread happening in a lot of places or done by a lot of people 分布廣的；普遍的
Racism is much more widespread than people imagine.
種族歧視遠比人們想象的要普遍。
nThe report claimed that the problem of police brutality was widespread.
the widespread availability of antibiotics
抗生素的普及
commonplace [not before noun] especially written common in a particular place or time – used especially when saying that this seems surprising or unusual 常見的，屢見不鮮的〔尤指看似令人奇怪或不同尋常〕
Crimes such as robbery are commonplace in big cities.
在大城市，搶劫等犯罪活動司空見慣。
Expensive foreign cars are commonplace in this Chicago suburb.
在芝加哥的這個郊區，豪華的進口車很常見。
prevalent formal common in a place or among a group of people – used especially about illnesses, problems, or ideas 〔尤指疾病、問題或觀點〕盛行的，流行的
Flu is most prevalent during the winter months.
流感在冬季最爲流行。
nDepression remains one of the most prevalent health disorders in the US.
nThis belief is more prevalent among men than women.
rife /raɪf/ [not before noun] very common – used about illnesses or problems 〔疾病或問題〕普遍存在的,流行的
AIDS is rife in some parts of the world.
在世界部分地區艾滋病非常流行。
ubiquitous /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/ formal very common and seen in many different places – often used humorously in written descriptions 随處可見的〔常在書面描寫中作幽默用法〕
He was carrying the ubiquitous MP3 player.
他身上帶着随處可見的MP3播放器。
nIn Britain, CCTV cameras are ubiquitous.
something is everywhere especially spoken used when saying that you can see something a lot in many different places 某物到處都有
Images of the dictator were everywhere.
到處都有這個獨裁者的畫像。
nMicrochips seem to be everywhere these days – even in washing machines.
nOne of the first things you notice in Amsterdam are the bicycles – they’re everywhere.
Examples from the Corpus
common• The condition is most common among women aged 18 to 24.• Monkeys and apes are so similar that it is reasonable to say they have a common ancestor.• Foxes are very common around here.• My daughter says politics is boring, which is a common attitude among teenagers.• The Allies worked to defeat a common enemy.• It's very common for older children to feel jealous after the birth of a baby.• It's becoming more and more common for women to keep their family name when they marry.• Many of the more common forms of cancer can be treated successfully if detected early.• Students and faculty are working toward a common goal.• Personal computers are nearly as common in American homes as televisions.• Foxes are common in the area.• Petty theft and pickpocketing are becoming increasingly common in the city centre.• Dating agencies try to match people with similar personalities and common interests.• Luckily we all had a common language, English, which meant we could communicate with each other.• Olson is a very common last name in Minnesota.• It's a common mathematical error.• Jones is a very common name in Britain.• Malaria is particularly common near swamps where mosquitoes can breed.• A common reason for not hiring someone is their lack of writing skills.• Flatheads are a common type of fish and good to eat.
common among• Osteoporosis, a bone disease, is common among older women.
common to• These problems are common to all big cities.• The theme of the family is common to all Engle's novels.
by common consent• We have social rights and duties that are defined by common consent.
the common man• The song is a tribute to the common man.
common2 ●●○ noun
1  have something in common (with somebody) SAMEto have the same interests, attitudes etc as someone else （與某人）有共同之處
I found I had a lot in common with these people.
我發現自己和這些人有許多相同之處。
four women with almost nothing in common
幾乎沒有任何共同點的四個女人
2  have something in common (with something) SAMEif objects or ideas have something in common, they share the same features （與某事物）有相同的特點
The two games have much in common.
這兩種遊戲有許多相同之處。
3  in common with somebody/something SAMEin the same way as someone or something else 與某人/某物一樣
In common with a lot of other countries, we’re in an economic recession.
同許多别的國家一樣，我國也處在經濟蕭條時期。
4  [countableC]AREA a large area of open land in a town or village that people walk or play sport on 〔城鎮或村莊裏的〕公地
Boston Common
波士頓公地
Origin common1
(1200-1300) Old French commun, from Latin communis

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