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BNC: 1149 COCA: 986

shoulder

Word family 
Related topics: Human, Clothes, Food, Roads
shoul·der1 /ˈʃəʊldə $ ˈʃoʊldər/ ●●● S2 W2 noun
1  body part 身體的一部分HBH [countableC] one of the two parts of the body at each side of the neck where the arm is connected 肩膀
She tapped the driver on the shoulder.
她拍拍司機的肩。
He put his arm around her shoulders.
他用手臂摟住她的肩。
His shoulders were broad and powerful.
他的肩膀寬闊強壯。
2  clothes 衣服DCC [countableC] the part of a piece of clothing that covers your shoulders 衣服的肩部，衣肩
a jacket with padded shoulders
一件有墊肩的夾克衫
3  meat 肉類DF [countableC, uncountableU] the upper part of the front leg of an animal that is used for meat 〔動物的〕前腿連肩肉
shoulder of
a shoulder of pork
豬肘子
4. be looking over your shoulder to feel worried that something unpleasant is going to happen to you 惴惴不安，忐忑不安
Examples from the Corpus
be looking over your shoulder• So, reading through this book, you feel as thought Alwyn is looking over your shoulder, egging you on.• Two snub-nosed bristle-headed boys were looking over my shoulder in bright-eyed interest.• I am looking over my shoulder.• You were looking over your shoulder waiting for the knock on the door.
5 
a) a shoulder to cry onKIND someone who gives you sympathy 給予安慰的人，傾訴的對象
Ben is always there when I need a shoulder to cry on.
在我需要有個人傾訴一下時，本總是在我身邊。
b) cry on somebody’s shoulder to get sympathy from someone when you tell them your problems 向某人傾訴〔以得到安慰〕
6  shoulder to shoulder TOGETHER
a) having the same aims and wanting to achieve the same thing 齊心協力地 SYN side by side
shoulder to shoulder with
We are working shoulder to shoulder with local residents.
我們和當地居民肩並肩共同努力。
b) physically close together 肩並肩地 SYN side by side
Blacks and whites stood shoulder to shoulder in the stands to applaud.
黑人和白人並肩站在看台上鼓掌。
Examples from the Corpus
shoulder to shoulder• Almost shoulder to shoulder they were lined along the road, hurling gravel non-stop under the wheels of the passing trucks.• Before long I had rejoined the tribe, swaying shoulder to shoulder with them as I thumped on a cast-iron pan.• Four old panel trucks sit shoulder to shoulder, looking like an art installation.• In church they kept to their own groups, but here they jostled shoulder to shoulder, watchful and sulky.• The milkweed and monarch, shoulder to shoulder, lock into a single system, an evolution toward and with each other.• They stood shoulder to shoulder by the developing trays.• They trod carefully away, shoulder to shoulder, hip to hip.• Uncle and nephew knelt shoulder to shoulder, hands cupped, heads bowed in the simple position of submission.
7  on somebody’s shoulders RESPONSIBLEif blame or a difficult job falls on someone’s shoulders, they have to take responsibility for it 〔責任〕由某人承擔；〔任務〕落在某人肩上
The blame rests squarely on Jim’s shoulders.
過錯全都歸在吉姆身上。
Examples from the Corpus
on somebody’s shoulders• The blame rests squarely on Jim's shoulders.
8. put your shoulder to the wheel WORK HARDto start to work with great effort and determination 甩開膀子幹；開始奮力工作
9. road-side 路邊 [countableC] American EnglishAmETTR an area of ground beside a road, where drivers can stop their cars if they are having trouble 〔公路旁的〕路肩，緊急停車道 → hard shoulder, soft shoulder
10. curved shape 弧線形SG [countableC] a rounded part just below the top of something 肩狀部分
→ give somebody the cold shoulder at cold1(7), → have a chip on your shoulder at chip1(5), → be/stand head and shoulders above the rest at head1(29), → rub shoulders with at rub1(5), → straight from the shoulder at straight1(10)
 COLLOCATIONS
verbs
shrug your shoulders (=raise them to show that you do not know or care about something) 聳肩膀〔表示不知道或無所謂〕
Susan just shrugged her shoulders and said nothing.
蘇珊只是聳聳肩膀,什麽也沒說。
hunch your shoulders (=raise your shoulders and bend them forwards slightly) 聳起肩膀
He hunched his shoulders against the rain.
他在雨中聳起肩膀。
look/glance over your shoulder (=look behind you) 回頭看
He glanced over his shoulder and grinned at me.
他回過頭來沖我咧嘴笑。
somebody’s shoulders shake (=because they are crying or laughing) 〔因爲哭或笑〕某人肩膀顫抖
nHis shoulders were shaking and tears of laughter were running down his face.
somebody’s shoulders slump/droop/sag (=move downwards because they are sad or tired) 〔因爲傷心或疲倦〕某人肩膀垂下
n‘You 're right, ’ he sighed, his shoulders drooping.
somebody’s shoulders heave (=move up and down because they are crying or breathing deeply) 〔因爲哭泣或深呼吸〕某人肩頭起伏
nShe turned her back again, her shoulders heaving, her eyes blind with tears.
nstraighten/square your shoulders (=stand with your shoulders straight, in a determined way)
She squared her shoulders and knocked on the door.
adjectives
broad/wide 寬闊的
He was of medium height, with broad shoulders.
他中等個子,肩膀寬闊。
strong/powerful 結實/強壯的
He had powerful shoulders and a thick neck.
他肩膀強壯,脖子粗。
nmassive/huge
Dean shrugged his massive shoulders.
narrow/slim 窄/纖細的
nHer dark hair spilled over her narrow shoulders.
nthin/bony shoulders
She put her arm around the girl’s thin shoulders.
Examples from the Corpus
shoulder• Its dripping wets the front of her dress, its rigid head glares over her shoulder.• He looked as though he'd lost twenty years, as though a ten-ton weight had been lifted from his shoulders.• Lorton was carrying a bag over his shoulder and humming under his breath.• Corbett just grinned over his shoulder and led them out on to the beaten track down to the village of Woodstock.• I drop her across my shoulder and walk away.• Our shoulders, arms and legs ache, but we hardly notice.• a pork shoulder roast• He pulled the chain that hung above his right shoulder.• Fredrickson dislocated his right shoulder early in the second quarter and did not return to the game.• Ben put his arm around Kari's shoulders.• Several cars with their hoods up were on the shoulder.
shoulder2 verb
1  shoulder the responsibility/duty/cost/burden etc RESPONSIBLEto accept a difficult or unpleasant responsibility, duty etc 承擔責任/過失/費用/負擔等
The residents are being asked to shoulder the costs of the repairs.
居民們被要求承擔這筆修理費用。
Examples from the Corpus
shoulder the responsibility/duty/cost/burden etc• After the publicists, casting directors began to shoulder the burden.• It does indeed make those who require nursing care through no fault of their own shoulder the cost.• I think everyone has got to shoulder the responsibility for defeat, not just Graham.• Why, he asked, should the taxpayer shoulder the burden of expropriation?• Voice over Swindon is one of the eighties boom towns which has had to shoulder the burden of recession.• He failed to shoulder the responsibility, which Government should shoulder, for imposing the tax in the first place.
2  [transitiveT]LIFT to lift something onto your shoulder to carry it 挑，扛，掮
They shouldered the boat and took it down to the river.
他們把船扛在肩上擡到河裏。
3  shoulder your way through/into etc PUSHto move through a large crowd of people by pushing with your shoulder 用肩膀擠着穿過/進入等
He ran after her, shouldering his way through the crowd.
他擠過人群去追她。
Examples from the Corpus
shoulder your way through/into etc• Some surprise managed to shoulder its way into Jenner's turgid writing.• They looked as though they could shoulder their way through solid rock and beat up a regiment of trolls into the bargain.• Erlich shouldered his way through the crowd and went after her.• He was curious and, shouldering his way through the crowd, made his way to St Mary Le Bow.• Nicolo shouldered his way through the crowd towards the Princess.• But wait, some one is shouldering their way through the crowd.• I went in there, shouldered my way through the crowd.• Bringing up the rear, Duke shouldered his way into the kitchen.
4. shoulder arms PMan order given to soldiers telling them to hold their weapon against their shoulder 〔命令士兵〕槍上肩
n COLLOCATIONS
nouns
shoulder a responsibility
The coach shoulders the responsibility for winning and losing.
shoulder a burden
Many women do paid work and also shoulder the burden of childcare.
shoulder the blame
Parents are being made to shoulder the blame.
shoulder the cost
The government has decided to shoulder the extra cost itself.
Examples from the Corpus
shoulder• Family graves may occasionally receive a visit by a lone person shouldering a glum aura.• He shouldered his ax and began walking into the woods.• Dorfman plays keyboards -- an injury preventing him from shouldering his usual accordion.• The burden of supporting the poor is shouldered mainly by charities.• After the publicists, casting directors began to shoulder the burden.• The company is unwilling to shoulder the cost of installing a daycare center.• The capacity of the fourteen divisions to shoulder this responsibility, and the load placed on each division both varied enormously.
Origin shoulder1
Old English sculdor

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