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TOEFL IELTS BNC: 5045 COCA: 2856

prior

Word family 
pri·or1 /ˈpraɪə $ praɪr/ ●●○ W3 AWL adjectiveadj
1  BUSY/NOT AVAILABLEexisting or arranged before something else or before the present situation 先前的；較早的；事先安排的 SYN previous
You do not need any prior knowledge of the subject.
你無需事先具備該方面的知識。
Changes may not be made without the prior approval of the council.
未經委員會事先同意，不得作出改變。
Vegetarian meals are provided by prior agreement.
經事先協商可提供素食。
Some prior experience with the software is needed.
要求事先熟悉這個軟件。
2  prior warning/notice BEFOREa warning or announcement made before something happens 預先警告/通知
The society must give customers prior notice before changing the cost.
調整費用之前協會必須預先通知客戶。
The bomb exploded without any prior warning.
沒有任何預先警告，炸彈就爆炸了。
Examples from the Corpus
without ... prior warning• Note: Don't ever send an attachment of more than a few hundred kilobytes without prior warning or agreement.• You can imagine my surprise, then, when Pikey, without prior warning, started to hum like a top.
3  prior to something formalBEFORE before 在某事之前，先於某事
All the arrangements should be completed prior to your departure.
你離開之前一切都要安排好。
Examples from the Corpus
prior to something• Prior to 1492, no human in the Old World had ever eaten corn.• They're planning to talk to Joe prior to the meeting.
4  prior claim a person’s right to something which is considered more important than another person’s right to the same thing 優先權
His own children have a prior claim to the business.
他自己的孩子可以優先獲得這家企業。
Examples from the Corpus
prior claim• You have a prior claim on him.• Ace had a prior claim on the Doctor's affections.• Bondholders, on the other hand, have a prior claim on the firm.
n COLLOCATIONS
nouns
prior knowledge
He denied that he had prior knowledge of the robbery.
prior approval/consent/permission
A sale of the factory will need the prior approval of shareholders.
prior agreement
We will not disclose this information without your prior agreement.
prior experience
He had no prior experience of teaching.
a prior engagement formal (=an event that you have already promised to attend)
The prime minister was unable to attend owing to a prior engagement.
phrases
by prior arrangement
Visitors can tour the burial tombs by prior arrangement.
Examples from the Corpus
prior• The databases often contain Social Security numbers, dates of birth and current and prior addresses.• Indeed, some insurance companies have tried to do this by requiring prior approval for treatment.• Pets are permitted only by prior arrangement with the management.• Vegetarian meals are provided by prior arrangement.• A Class 4 transaction will normally require the prior consent of the company in a general meeting.• The tenant must get the prior consent of the landlord before doing any redecorating in the flat.• Johnson had two prior convictions for residential burglaries and a history of petty crimes.• Most applicants had no prior experience of working with children.• The phone company is required to give you prior notice before disconnecting your service.• Although Clinton won New Jersey in 1992, Republicans had carried the state in the six prior presidential elections.• The airline says that some flights may be cancelled without prior warning.
Related topics: Christianity
prior2 noun [countableC]
1. RRCthe man in charge of a priory 小修道院男院長
2. RRCthe priest next in rank to the person in charge of an abbey 大修道院副院長
3  informal a previous occasion when someone was found guilty of a crime 犯罪前科
two priors for homicide
兩次蓄意殺人的前科
Examples from the Corpus
prior• Ideally, eligibility for membership and the verification thereof should have been established prior to the process of resettlement commencing.• After education at Oxford, he became the greatest of all the priors at Bridlington.
From Longman Business Dictionary
priorpri·or /ˈpraɪəpraɪr/ adjectiveadj [only before a noun]
coming before something is finally decided, agreed etc
Most firms requireprior approval of analysts’ personal trades before selling stock to them.
Sales are expected to be $62 million, up slightly from $60 million in the prior year.
prior to
Those calculations are based on AT&T’s average stock price prior to a shareholder meeting.
Origin prior1
(1700-1800) Latin “earlier, older, higher in rank”, from Latin pri “before”
 prior2
1. (1900-2000) → PRIOR1
2. (1000-1100) Medieval Latin Latin (adjective); → PRIOR1

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